The social repercussion of cultivated (cell-based) meat / A repercussão social da carne cultivada (à base de células)

This document addresses the different perspectives about the social repercussion of cultivated meat. This topic is current and there are conflicting points of view related to it. Even though food culture is passed down over generations, it is continually changing due to the introduction of new food products in the market and changes in consumers' habits. Population projections indicate accelerated and continuous growth in the coming decades, which should increase the demand for food in general. Research is being developed in search of meat made of animal cells or plants with the sensory characteristics of the bovine product, mainly in the United States, Israel, European Union and China. We suggest some objectives and variables that would be interesting to measure to monitor the impacts of this theme in South America. The initial idea is to suggest to studies with different approaches to build broad knowledge, in the first moment. Obviously, that can be done with many adaptations and qualifications. This document presents initial ideas designed to contribute to and support productive diversification and food sovereignty. It is a document that suggests ideas and discussions, based on the literature with quality results.

Esta nota técnica aborda as diferentes perspectivas sobre a repercussão social da carne celular. Este tema é atual e há pontos de vista conflitantes. Embora a cultura alimentar seja transmitida ao longo das gerações, ela está em constante mudança devido à introdução de novos produtos alimentares no mercado e às mudanças nos hábitos dos consumidores. As projeções populacionais indicam crescimento acelerado e contínuo nas próximas décadas, o que deve aumentar a demanda por alimentos em geral. Pesquisas estão sendo desenvolvidas em busca de carnes feitas de células animais ou vegetais com as características sensoriais do produto bovino, principalmente nos Estados Unidos, Israel, União Europeia e China. Sugerimos alguns objetivos e variáveis que seriam interessantes de mensurar e avaliar para monitorar os impactos desse tema na América do Sul. A ideia inicial é sugerir estudos com diferentes abordagens para construir um conhecimento amplo, nesse primeiro momento. Obviamente, essas sugestões podem ser abordadas após discussões, adaptações e qualificações. Portanto, esse documento apresenta ideias iniciais com o intuito de contribuir com a ciência e apoiar a discussão sobre diversificação produtiva e soberania alimentar. É um documento que propõe ideias, reflexões e discussões, baseado na literatura.

Response of Bahiagrass hybrids to nitrogen fertilization or mixture with legumes

The objective of this work was to determine Paspalum notatum genotypes appropriate for the establishment of mixtures with temperate legumes and compare the productivity of mixtures with mineral-fertilized systems along two years. Four hybrids of P. notatum, ecotype Bagual and cv. Pensacola, were either subjected to mixtures with white clover (Trifolium repens) and birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus) or fertilized with 0, 60, 120, 240, and 480 kg N ha−1 year−1. P. notatum leaf blades and stems and herbage accumulation denoted a management × year interaction. Herbage accumulation varied between the mixtures and fertilized systems in first year, while in the second year, herbage accumulation of mixed systems employing the B26, B43, C22, C9, and Bagual genotypes were similar to that of systems fertilized with 120 and 240 kg N ha−1. Hybrids B26 and C9 and ecotype Bagual, once made available to producers, could be indicated for mixtures with temperate legumes because they are superior to cv. Pensacola. Herbage accumulation in mixtures involving white clover plus birdsfoot trefoil and P. notatum genotypes is similar to that of mineral nitrogen-fertilized systems with 240 kg N ha−1, emphasizing the viability of mixed between these species.

Genetic assessment of seed yield-related traits in superior hybrids of Paspalum plicatulum × Paspalum guenoarum

This study aimed to estimate the genetic parameters, genetic correlations, genetic dissimilarity, and predicted gains with the selection of interspecific apomictic Paspalum plicatulum × Paspalum guenoarum hybrids in relation to seed yield traits. Nineteen genotypes that showed increased forage yield in previous studies were planted in a randomized complete block design with ten blocks. Traits evaluated in this study were: number of tillers/plant, number of reproductive tillers/plant, number of racemes/inflorescence, number of seeds/inflorescence, weight of a thousand seeds, and seed yield. Data were analyzed using a mixed model approach. The genotypes evaluated in our study showed improvement potential in relation to high heritability (H2 g > 0.50), high precision (Acgen> 90%), and genetic dissimilarity (forming three groups) for seed yield traits. Seed yield showed high correlation to reproductive tillers that can be used as indirect selection tools for genetic improvement of seed yield.(AU)