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1.
J Environ Sci (China) ; 146: 304-317, 2024 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38969460

RESUMO

A biochar-assisted anaerobic membrane bioreactor (BC-AnMBR) was conducted to evaluate the performance in treating swine wastewater with different organic loading rates (OLR) ranging from 0.38 to 1.13 kg-COD/(m3.d). Results indicated that adding spent coffee grounds biochar (SCG-BC) improved the organic removal efficiency compared to the conventional AnMBR, with an overall COD removal rate of > 95.01%. Meanwhile, methane production of up to 0.22 LCH4/gCOD with an improvement of 45.45% was achieved under a high OLR of 1.13 kg-COD/(m3.d). Furthermore, the transmembrane pressure (TMP) in the BC-AnMBR system was stable at 4.5 kPa, and no irreversible membrane fouling occurred within 125 days. Microbial community analysis revealed that the addition of SCG-BC increased the relative abundance of autotrophic methanogenic archaea, particularly Methanosarcina (from 0.11% to 11.16%) and Methanothrix (from 16.34% to 24.05%). More importantly, Desulfobacterota and Firmicutes phylum with direct interspecific electron transfer (DIET) capabilities were also enriched with autotrophic methanogens. Analysis of the electron transfer pathway showed that the concentration of c-type cytochromes increased by 38.60% in the presence of SCG-BC, and thus facilitated the establishment of DIET and maintained high activity of the electron transfer system even at high OLR. In short, the BC-AnMBR system performs well under various OLR conditions and is stable in the recovery energy system for swine wastewater.


Assuntos
Reatores Biológicos , Carvão Vegetal , Eliminação de Resíduos Líquidos , Águas Residuárias , Animais , Águas Residuárias/química , Carvão Vegetal/química , Suínos , Eliminação de Resíduos Líquidos/métodos , Anaerobiose , Membranas Artificiais , Metano/metabolismo
2.
Zhonghua Yi Xue Yi Chuan Xue Za Zhi ; 41(7): 769-775, 2024 Jul 10.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38946356

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To identify additional loci associated with depression and the hippocampus (HIP) through genome-wide association study. METHODS: The depression-related genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta summary data was downloaded from the official website of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, which had involved 170 756 cases and 329 443 controls. The left and right hippocampal volume GWAS data sets were downloaded from the UK Biobank, which involved 33 224 participants. The conditional false discovery rate (condFDR) was used to identify novel genetic loci for depression and left and right hippocampal volumes, and a conjunctional false discovery rate (conjFDR) was used to evaluate the enrichment of pleiotropic loci between depression and left and right hippocampal volumes. RESULTS: Respectively, 7, 13, and 12 new loci have been associated with depression, left hippocampal volume and right hippocampal volume, with a significant threshold of condFDR < 0.01. A site of rs1267073 locus was found to be shared by the depression and right hippocampal volume with a threshold of conjFDR < 0.01. CONCLUSION: Above findings have provided more insights into the genetic mechanisms underlying the volume of hippocampus and the risk for depression. The results may also provide evidence for future clinical trials for treating depression.


Assuntos
Transtorno Depressivo Maior , Loci Gênicos , Estudo de Associação Genômica Ampla , Hipocampo , Humanos , Transtorno Depressivo Maior/genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , População Branca/genética , Feminino
3.
Meat Sci ; 216: 109593, 2024 Jul 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38986236

RESUMO

High energy consumption and quality deterioration are major challenges in the meat freezing process. In this study, the energy consumption and qualities of frozen pork were investigated using three freezing methods: nonpackaged pork air freezing (NAF), contactless immersion freezing (PIF) and contact immersion freezing (NIF) with NaCl solution as a refrigerant. The results indicated that NIF could improve the energy conservation and freezing efficiency in >4 freezing treatment-times by increasing the unfrozen water content, decreasing the frozen heat load, shortening the freezing time and reducing evaporation loss. NIF could also increase the a* value of the pork and improve the water-holding capacity by facilitating the conversion of free water to immobilized-water. The two immersion freezing methods could reduce freezing-thawing loss and protein loss by alleviating muscle tissue freezing damage. These results provide a suitable application of immersion freezing with energy conservation, high efficiency and good quality of frozen-pork.

4.
Cancer Cell ; 42(7): 1239-1257.e7, 2024 Jul 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38942025

RESUMO

Global investigation of medulloblastoma has been hindered by the widespread inaccessibility of molecular subgroup testing and paucity of data. To bridge this gap, we established an international molecularly characterized database encompassing 934 medulloblastoma patients from thirteen centers across China and the United States. We demonstrate how image-based machine learning strategies have the potential to create an alternative pathway for non-invasive, presurgical, and low-cost molecular subgroup prediction in the clinical management of medulloblastoma. Our robust validation strategies-including cross-validation, external validation, and consecutive validation-demonstrate the model's efficacy as a generalizable molecular diagnosis classifier. The detailed analysis of MRI characteristics replenishes the understanding of medulloblastoma through a nuanced radiographic lens. Additionally, comparisons between East Asia and North America subsets highlight critical management implications. We made this comprehensive dataset, which includes MRI signatures, clinicopathological features, treatment variables, and survival data, publicly available to advance global medulloblastoma research.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Cerebelares , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Meduloblastoma , Meduloblastoma/genética , Meduloblastoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Meduloblastoma/patologia , Humanos , Neoplasias Cerebelares/genética , Neoplasias Cerebelares/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Cerebelares/patologia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Criança , Feminino , Masculino , Adolescente , Inteligência Artificial , Pré-Escolar , China , Adulto Jovem , Estados Unidos , Adulto , Prognóstico , Lactente , Aprendizado de Máquina
5.
Cancer Drug Resist ; 7: 16, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38835342

RESUMO

Aim: Glioma accounts for 81% of all cancers of the nervous system cancers and presents one of the most drug-resistant malignancies, resulting in a relatively high mortality rate. Despite extensive efforts, the complete treatment options for glioma remain elusive. The effect of isocucurbitacin B (isocuB), a natural compound extracted from melon pedicels, on glioma has not been investigated. This study aims to investigate the inhibitory effect of isocuB on glioma and elucidate its underlying mechanisms, with the objective of developing it as a potential therapeutic agent for glioma. Methods: We used network pharmacology and bioinformatics analysis to predict potential targets and associated pathways of isocuB in glioma. Subsequently, the inhibitory effect of isocuB on glioma and its related mechanisms were assessed through Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), wound healing, transwell, Western blot (WB), reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and other in vitro experiments, alongside tumor formation experiments in nude mice. Results: Based on this investigation, it suggested that isocuB might inhibit the growth of gliomas through the PI3K-AKT and MAPK pathways. Additionally, we proposed that isocuB may enhance glioma drug sensitivity to temozolomide (TMZ) via modulation of hsa-mir-1286a. The CCK-8 assay revealed that isocuB exhibited inhibitory effects on U251 and U87 proliferation and outperformed TMZ. Wound healing and transwell experiments showed that isocuB inhibited the invasion and migration of U251 cells by suppressing the activity of MMP-2/9, N-cadherin, and Vimentin. The TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) and flow cytometry (FCM) assays revealed that isocuB induced cell apoptosis through inhibition of BCL-2. Subsequently, we conducted RT-qPCR and WB experiments, which revealed that PI3K/AKT and MAPK pathways might be involved in the mechanism of the inhibition isocuB on glioma. Additionally, isocuB promoted the sensitivity of glioma U251 to TMZ by inhibiting hsa-mir-1286a. Furthermore, we constructed TMZ-resistant U251 strains and demonstrated effective inhibition by isocuB against these resistant strains. Finally, we confirmed that isocuB can inhibit tumor growth in vivo through experiments on tumors in nude mice. Conclusion: IsocuB may protect against glioma by acting on the PI3K/AKT and MAPK pathways and promote the sensitivity of glioma U251 to TMZ by inhibiting hsa-mir-1286a.

7.
J Gen Appl Microbiol ; 2024 May 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38811200

RESUMO

Fusarium meridionale is one of the pathogens causing maize ear rot, it produce bioactive secondary metabolites may threaten humans food safty, however, the production mechanism of the secondary metabolites and their interaction with maize ear remains poorly understood. To facilitate related studies, we sequenced and assembled the genome of F. meridionale strain JX18-4. The size of F. meridionale JX18-4 genome is 37.11 Mbp, include four nuclear chromosome contigs that consists of 11920 coding genes and one mitochondrial contig. 95.64% gene synteny collinearity was found between the assembly and the reference genomes F. graminearum strain PH-1. Compared to the sequences of seconary matabolism gene clusters sequences reported previously, the stain JX18-4 was predicted potential producing 8 clusters, including nivalenol, zearalenone, aurofusarin, fusarielin, fusaristatin A, fusarin, fusarubin and butenolide. This study aims to reveal the molecular mechanism of secondary metabolites producing, and the genomic information of JX18-4 will provide resources for the study of biological control mechanisms and plant-microbe interactions.

8.
Clinics (Sao Paulo) ; 79: 100386, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38815541

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of aerobic exercise on myocardial injury, NF-B expression, glucolipid metabolism and inflammatory factors in rats with Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) and explore the possible causative role. METHODS: 45 Sprague Dawley® rats were randomized into model, control and experimental groups. A high-fat diet was adopted for generating a rat CHD model, and the experimental group was given a 4-week aerobic exercise intervention. ECG was utilized to evaluate the cardiac function of the rats; HE staining to evaluate the damage of myocardial tissue; TUNEL staining to evaluate cardiomyocyte apoptosis level; ELISA to assay the contents of inflammatory factors and glucolipid metabolism in cardiomyocytes; qPCR to assay IB- and NF-B mRNA expression; Western-blot to assay the apoptosis-related proteins and NF-B signaling pathway-related proteins expressions in myocardial tissue. RESULTS: In contrast to the model group, aerobic exercise strongly improved the rat's cardiac function and glucolipid metabolism (p < 0.01), enhanced IL-10 content, Bcl-2/Bax level as well as IB- protein and mRNA expression (p < 0.01), and reduced myocardial injury and cardiomyocyte apoptosis, the contents of IL-6, IL-1 and TNF-, Caspase 3 level, NF-B mRNA and protein expression and p-p38 and p-STAT3 expressions (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Aerobic exercise can not only effectively reduce myocardial injury, the release of inflammatory factors and NF-B expression in CHD rats, but also improve cardiac function and glucolipid metabolism. Its mechanism is likely to be related to the inhibition of the NF-B signaling pathway.


Assuntos
Apoptose , Doença das Coronárias , Modelos Animais de Doenças , NF-kappa B , Condicionamento Físico Animal , Distribuição Aleatória , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Animais , Condicionamento Físico Animal/fisiologia , NF-kappa B/metabolismo , Masculino , Doença das Coronárias/metabolismo , Apoptose/fisiologia , Miócitos Cardíacos/metabolismo , Miocárdio/metabolismo , Metabolismo dos Lipídeos/fisiologia , Ratos , Western Blotting , Transdução de Sinais/fisiologia , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Dieta Hiperlipídica/efeitos adversos , Marcação In Situ das Extremidades Cortadas
10.
Int J Gen Med ; 17: 1381-1393, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38617056

RESUMO

Purpose: To date, there are few reports about mpox case series in China, and scarce information is available about the in-vivo kinetics of T-cell responses in the early stage of mpox infection. This study aims to investigate the clinical difference among mpox patients with and without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Patients and Methods: A total of 56 patients diagnosed with mpox by Chengdu Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and hospitalized in Public Health Clinical Center of Chengdu were retrospectively included and divided into an HIV-infected group (n=23) and a non-HIV-infected group (n=33). Clinical characteristics and serum chemistry findings of mpox patients were collected in order to analyze the differences between the HIV-infected group and the non-HIV-infected group. Results: Multiple laboratory abnormalities, including elevated C-reactive protein (69.1%), hypocalcemia (50.9%), elevated CD3+CD8+T counts (47.0%) and inverted ratio of CD3+CD4+T to CD3+CD8+T (64.7%) were common in mpox cases. There were statistically significant differences (all P < 0.05) in age, serum calcium levels, CD3+CD4+T counts, the ratio of CD3+CD4+T to CD3+CD8+T, proportion with >10 rashes, incidence of proctitis anus and time from rash growth to rash scab shedding between HIV-infected group and non-HIV-infected group. In the early stage of mpox infection, the median of CD3+CD8+T counts in the non-HIV-infected group was significantly higher than that in healthy donors (P<0.001), and the median of CD3+CD4+T/CD3+CD8+T ratio was significantly lower (P<0.001). The median of CD3+CD4+T counts in mpox patients co-infected with HIV significantly decreased compared to the pre-infection level (p =0.033). Conclusion: Our study indicates that mpox co-infected with HIV patients have longer lasting rash lesions and a higher incidence of proctitis anus. T-cell responses may be different between HIV-infected and non-HIV-infected individuals in the early stage of mpox infection.

11.
Sci Rep ; 14(1): 8624, 2024 04 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38616199

RESUMO

Intelligent detection of athlete behavior is beneficial for guiding sports instruction. Existing mature target detection algorithms provide significant support for this task. However, large-scale target detection algorithms often encounter more challenges in practical application scenarios. We propose SCB-YOLOv5, to detect standardized movements of gymnasts. First, the movements of aerobics athletes were captured, labeled using the labelImg software, and utilized to establish the athlete normative behavior dataset, which was then enhanced by the dataset augmentation using Mosaic9. Then, we improved the YOLOv5 by (1) incorporating the structures of ShuffleNet V2 and convolutional block attention module to reconstruct the Backbone, effectively reducing the parameter size while maintaining network feature extraction capability; (2) adding a weighted bidirectional feature pyramid network into the multiscale feature fusion, to acquire precise channel and positional information through the global receptive field of feature maps. Finally, SCB-YOLOv5 was lighter by 56.9% than YOLOv5. The detection precision is 93.7%, with a recall of 99% and mAP value of 94.23%. This represents a 3.53% improvement compared to the original algorithm. Extensive experiments have verified that our method. SCB-YOLOv5 can meet the requirements for on-site athlete action detection. Our code and models are available at https://github.com/qingDu1/SCB-YOLOv5 .


Assuntos
Utensílios Domésticos , Esportes , Humanos , Atletas , Algoritmos , Inteligência
12.
Phytochemistry ; 222: 114089, 2024 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38626831

RESUMO

Meroterpenoids discovered in Rhododendrons species possess unique chemical structures and biological activities and are expected to become new drug targets for Alzheimer's disease, metabolic disorders, and chronic kidney disease, and these compounds have attracted increasing attention in recent years. In this study, Rhododendron meroterpenoids and their structures, classifications, racemate distribution, biosynthetic pathways, chemical synthesis, and bioactivities are reviewed prior to 2023.


Assuntos
Rhododendron , Terpenos , Rhododendron/química , Terpenos/química , Terpenos/farmacologia , Terpenos/isolamento & purificação , Terpenos/síntese química , Humanos , Estrutura Molecular , Descoberta de Drogas
13.
J Ethnopharmacol ; 331: 118237, 2024 Sep 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38688355

RESUMO

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi Decoction(BZYQD) is a traditional formula commonly used in China, known for its effects in tonifying Qi and raising Yang. It can relieve symptoms of cognitive impairment such as forgetfulness and lack of concentration caused by qi deficiency, which is common in aging and debilitating. However, much of the current research on BZYQD has been focused on its impact on the digestive system, leaving its molecular mechanisms in improving cognitive function largely unexplored. AIM OF THE STUDY: Cognitive decline in the aging central nervous system is intrinsically linked to oxidative damage. This study aims to investigate the therapeutic mechanism of BZYQD in treating mild cognitive impairment caused by qi deficiency, particularly through repair of mitochondrial oxidative damage. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A rat model of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) was established by administering reserpine subcutaneously for two weeks, followed by a two-week treatment with BZYQD/GBE. In vitro experiments were conducted to assess the effects of BZYQD on neuronal cells using a H2O2-induced oxidative damage model in PC12 cells. The open field test and the Morris water maze test evaluated the cognitive and learning memory abilities of the rats. HE staining and TEM were employed to observe morphological changes in the hippocampus and its mitochondria. Mitochondrial activity, ATP levels, and cellular viability were measured using assay kits. Protein expression in the SIRT3/MnSOD/OGG1 pathway was analyzed in tissues and cells through western blotting. Levels of 8-OH-dG in mitochondria extracted from tissues and cells were quantified using ELISA. Mitochondrial morphology in PC12 cells was visualized using Mito Red, and mitochondrial membrane potential was assessed using the JC-1 kit. RESULTS: BZYQD treatment significantly improved cognitive decline caused by reserpine in rats, as well as enhanced mitochondrial morphology and function in the hippocampus. Our findings indicate that BZYQD mitigates mtDNA oxidative damage in rats by modulating the SIRT3/MnSOD/OGG1 pathway. In PC12 cells, BZYQD reduced oxidative damage to mitochondria and mtDNA in H2O2-induced conditions and was associated with changes in the SIRT3/MnSOD/OGG1 pathway. CONCLUSION: BZYQD effectively counteracts reserpine-induced mild cognitive impairment and ameliorates mitochondrial oxidative stress damage through the SIRT3/MnSOD/OGG1 pathway.


Assuntos
Disfunção Cognitiva , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas , Mitocôndrias , Estresse Oxidativo , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Sirtuína 3 , Superóxido Dismutase , Animais , Disfunção Cognitiva/tratamento farmacológico , Disfunção Cognitiva/metabolismo , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacologia , Mitocôndrias/efeitos dos fármacos , Mitocôndrias/metabolismo , Ratos , Células PC12 , Masculino , Sirtuína 3/metabolismo , Superóxido Dismutase/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Hipocampo/efeitos dos fármacos , Hipocampo/metabolismo , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/farmacologia , Sirtuínas
14.
J Org Chem ; 89(6): 3800-3808, 2024 Mar 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38417106

RESUMO

Allylic azlactones are greatly significant in terms of potential bioactivities and synthetic applications. Owing to the burgeoning interest of the pharmaceutical industry in α-amino acid derivatives, discovering strategies for the synthesis of allylic azlactones is important. Herein, we establish a transition-metal-free regioselectivity switch of α-amino acid-derived esters and MBH carbonates, which exhibits broad reaction scope and good reaction yields. Control reactions indicate that both base and solvent are important for regioselectivity.

15.
JMIR Serious Games ; 12: e50089, 2024 Feb 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38345832

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) therapy in adults with chronic spinal pain (CSP) is unclear. OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of VR therapy and other therapies in adults with CSP, especially patients with inflammation-related pain. METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, and CINAHL databases were searched up to November 11, 2023. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing adults with CSP receiving VR therapy with those receiving other therapies were included. The trial registration platform as well as the reference lists of included studies and previous systematic reviews and meta-analyses were manually searched. Two independent reviewers performed study selection, data extraction, risk-of-bias assessment, and evaluation of the quality of the evidence. The weighted mean difference (WMD) was used as the effect size used to synthesize the outcome measure. RESULTS: In total, 16 RCTs involving 800 participants were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled data from 15 (94%) RCTs including 776 (97%) participants showed that VR therapy was superior in improving pain intensity (WMD=-1.63, 95% CI -2.11 to -1.16, P<.001, I2=90%) and reducing inflammatory markers, including C-reactive protein (WMD=-0.89, 95% CI -1.07 to -0.70, P<.001, I2=0%), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (WMD=-6.60, 95% CI -8.56 to -4.64, P<.001, I2=98%), and interleukin-6 (WMD=-2.76, 95% CI -2.98 to -2.53, P<.001, I2=0%). However, no significant differences were found in terms of the spinal range of motion (ROM), disability level, or fear of movement. In addition, 10 (63%) of the included RCTs had a high risk of bias. CONCLUSIONS: VR therapy may be an effective and safe intervention for reducing symptoms in patients with CSP, as it is shown to exert significant analgesic effects and beneficial improvements in inflammatory factor levels. However, this approach may not have significant effects on the spinal ROM, disability level, or fear of movement. Notably, the quality of the evidence from the RCTs included in this study ranged from moderate to low. Therefore, we recommend that readers interpret the results of this study with caution. TRIAL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42022382331; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=382331.

16.
BMC Med ; 22(1): 27, 2024 02 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38317125

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: New "noncardiac" problems in children with congenital heart disease (CHD), such as developmental delay or long-term neurodevelopmental impairments, have attracted considerable attention in recent years. It is hypothesized that exercise might attenuate CHD-associated neurodevelopmental impairments; however, this has not been thoroughly investigated. The objective of this prospective, single-blinded, randomized controlled experiment was to evaluate the impact of customized home-based exercise for children with CHD. METHODS: Children aged 0-5 years with echocardiography-confirmed simple CHD subtypes who were scheduled to undergo cardiac catheterization were screened for enrolment. Among 420 screened CHD children, 192 were enrolled and randomly assigned at a 1:1 ratio to receive a 6-month intervention (30 min daily customized home-based exercise program with supervision for no less than 5 days per week, combined with home-based exercise education) or control treatment (home-based education). The primary outcome was motor development (gross motor quotient (GMQ), fine motor quotient (FMQ), and total motor quotient (TMQ)). The secondary outcomes were cardiac function and structure, bone quality, physical development, parental anxiety, caregiver burden, and quality of life. Children and their families were assessed before and 1, 3, and 6 months after catheterization; 183 (95.3%) children were included in the primary analysis. RESULTS: After 6-month treatment, the intervention group significantly increased their motor quotient, which was consistently higher than that of the control group (GMQ p < 0.0001, FMQ p = 0.02, TMQ p < 0.001). The physical developments in height, weight, and circumferences of the upper-arm, chest, and head were also significantly improved by exercise (all p < 0.017). No significant improvements in the bone strength or the cardiac structure and function were found among patients in the intervention group (all p > 0.017). For parents, higher quality of life level (total score p = 0.016) was observed in the intervention group; while effects of exercise on the anxiety (rude score p = 0.159, standard score p = 0.159) or the Zarit caregiver burden scale score (p = 0.404) were non-significant. No adverse events occurred during the study period. CONCLUSIONS: Customized home-based exercise improved motor development in children with CHD. While the long-term effects of parent training in home-based exercise are unknown, the study results suggest positive outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION: A home-based exercise program in congenital heart disease children with cardiac catheterization: a randomized controlled trial. ( http://www.chictr.org.cn/ , ChiCTR-IOR-16007762, January 14, 2016).


Assuntos
Cardiopatias Congênitas , Testes Psicológicos , Qualidade de Vida , Autorrelato , Criança , Humanos , Estudos Prospectivos , Cardiopatias Congênitas/terapia , Pais
17.
BMC Microbiol ; 24(1): 23, 2024 Jan 17.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38229068

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) is an important pathogen of community-acquired pneumonia in children. The factors contributing to the severity of illness caused by M. pneumoniae infection are still under investigation. We aimed to evaluate the sensitivity of common M. pneumoniae detection methods, as well as to analyze the clinical manifestations, genotypes, macrolide resistance, respiratory microenvironment, and their relationship with the severity of illness in children with M. pneumoniae pneumonia in Wuhan. RESULTS: Among 1,259 clinical samples, 461 samples were positive for M. pneumoniae via quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Furthermore, we found that while serological testing is not highly sensitive in detecting M. pneumoniae infection, but it may serve as an indicator for predicting severe cases. We successfully identified the adhesin P1 (P1) genotypes of 127 samples based on metagenomic and Sanger sequencing, with P1-type 1 (113/127, 88.98%) being the dominant genotype. No significant difference in pathogenicity was observed among different genotypes. The macrolide resistance rate of M. pneumoniae isolates was 96% (48/50) and all mutations were A2063G in domain V of 23S rRNA gene. There was no significant difference between the upper respiratory microbiome of patients with mild and severe symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: During the period of this study, the main circulating M. pneumoniae was P1-type 1, with a resistance rate of 96%. Key findings include the efficacy of qPCR in detecting M. pneumoniae, the potential of IgM titers exceeding 1:160 as indicators for illness severity, and the lack of a direct correlation between disease severity and genotypic characteristics or respiratory microenvironment. This study is the first to characterize the epidemic and genomic features of M. pneumoniae in Wuhan after the COVID-19 outbreak in 2020, which provides a scientific data basis for monitoring and infection prevention and control of M. pneumoniae in the post-pandemic era.


Assuntos
Mycoplasma pneumoniae , Pneumonia por Mycoplasma , Criança , Humanos , Mycoplasma pneumoniae/genética , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Epidemiologia Molecular , Macrolídeos/farmacologia , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana/genética , Pneumonia por Mycoplasma/diagnóstico , Pneumonia por Mycoplasma/epidemiologia , Pneumonia por Mycoplasma/tratamento farmacológico , RNA Ribossômico 23S/genética , Pandemias
18.
IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell ; 46(2): 764-779, 2024 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37930907

RESUMO

Image captioning is a core challenge in computer vision, attracting significant attention. Traditional methods prioritize caption quality, often overlooking style control. Our research enhances method controllability, enabling descriptions of varying detail. By integrating a length level embedding into current models, they can produce detailed or concise captions, increasing diversity. We introduce a length-level reranking transformer to correlate image and text complexity, optimizing caption length for informativeness without redundancy. Additionally, with caption length increase, computational complexity grows due to the autoregressive (AR) design of existing methods. To address this, our non-autoregressive (NAR) model maintains constant complexity regardless of caption length. We've developed a training approach that includes refinement sequence training and sequence-level knowledge distillation to close the performance gap between NAR and AR models. In testing, our models set new standards for caption quality on the MS COCO dataset and offer enhanced controllability and diversity. Our NAR model excels over AR models in these aspects and shows greater efficiency with longer captions. With advanced training techniques, our NAR's caption quality rivals that of leading AR models.

19.
Int J Infect Dis ; 139: 6-12, 2024 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37984762

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to investigate the continuous changes in respiratory virus epidemics in hospitalized children with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) persisting from January 2019 to December 2022 in Wuhan, China. METHODS: We retrospectively enrolled children with LRTIs admitted to the Wuhan Children's Hospital. Specimens were nasopharyngeal aspirates which had been collected and detected the following microorganisms with direct immunofluorescence: influenza virus types A and B, respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza virus types 1-3, and adenovirus. We also analyzed demographic data and laboratory test results. RESULTS: A total of 22,660 patients were enrolled. The total virus detection rate in 2019, 2021, and 2022 significantly declined gradually (36.96% vs 29.47% vs 22.62%, P value < 0.001). All the detected viruses did not follow previously observed seasonal patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic. Children hospitalized for LRTIs were older during the COVID-19 pandemic in contrast to the pre-period, particularly notable in cases attributed to respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza virus type 3 infections. CONCLUSIONS: This work adds to our knowledge of the epidemiology characteristics of respiratory viruses spanning the COVID-19 pandemic among children with LRTIs. The circulation of respiratory viruses changed consistently, and active LRTI surveillance in children remains critical for defining the healthcare burden of respiratory viruses.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Infecções por Vírus Respiratório Sincicial , Vírus Sincicial Respiratório Humano , Infecções Respiratórias , Vírus , Criança , Humanos , Lactente , Criança Hospitalizada , Prevalência , Pandemias , Estudos Retrospectivos , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Infecções Respiratórias/epidemiologia , China/epidemiologia , Infecções por Vírus Respiratório Sincicial/epidemiologia
20.
Nat Prod Res ; 38(4): 701-705, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36915053

RESUMO

Two new prenylated flavonoids named sinoflavonoids NJ and NK (1-2), along with ten known compounds were isolated from the fruits of Podophyllum hexandrum Royle. The chemical structures were determined through NMR spectroscopic data and MS analysis. Sinoflavonoid NJ (1) with an unusual 5,11-dioxabenzo[b]fluoren-10-one skeleton was firstly reported from Berberidaceae. The isolated flavonoids were tested with LPS-induced RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages model for their anti-inflammatory activity. Sinoflavonoid NJ (1) showed the most potent inhibition on nitric oxide production with IC50 value as 0.06 µM.


Assuntos
Berberidaceae , Flavonoides , Animais , Camundongos , Flavonoides/química , Frutas/química , Berberidaceae/química , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Anti-Inflamatórios/análise
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