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1.
Sci Rep ; 14(1): 14816, 2024 06 27.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38937545

RESUMO

Globally one-third of global population are victims of anemia, significantly impacting maternal and infant health and linked to poor cognition, productivity, and mortality risks. We used randomly selected 4040 lactating mothers' record from nationally representative survey. Descriptive statistics were weighted, and the standard hemoglobin cutoff point (below 12 g/dl) was used. Bivariable and multivariable multilevel binary logistic regression model considering the individual and community-level factors associated with anemia was employed. Crude and adjusted odds ratios with a 95% confidence interval were reported. In Ethiopia, 32.3% (95% CI 30.9-33.7%) of lactating women were anemic, with 23.4% having mild, 7.3% moderate, and 1.2% severe anemia. Pastoral regions (Afar, Somalia, and Oromia region) had higher burden of anemia than the others. The advanced age of the mother above 45 years (AOR = 1.43 (1.11-1.82), unemployment (AOR = 1.19; 95% CI 1.08-1.32), household wealth index (AOR = 0.56; 95% CI 0.50-0.63), extended family size (AOR = 1.20; 95% CI 1.04-1.46), and not using family planning (AOR = 1.70; 95% CI 1.49-1.93) were significant factors associated with anemia. Anemia is a moderate public health problem and associated with location and other factors to be addressed via effective interventions.


Assuntos
Anemia , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Lactação , Humanos , Feminino , Etiópia/epidemiologia , Anemia/epidemiologia , Adulto , Adulto Jovem , Adolescente , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de Risco , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Mães
2.
Nutrition ; 119: 112307, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38218049

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: Adolescents go through rapid development and increased nutritional requirements that can put them at higher risk of undernutrition--a problem that can be highest among orphaned or street children. Evidence on nutritional risk and its contributing factors among this segment is lacking in the city of Dire Dawa, where many children are on the streets with limited access to proper care. The aim of this study was to identify determinants of undernutrition among street adolescents in Ethiopia. METHODS: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted with 358 street adolescents 12 to 19 y of age in Dire Dawa from January to February 2022. After conducting a preliminary survey and registering all available street children, a complete enumeration was made. For data collection, an interviewer-administered questionnaire was used along with anthropometric measurements using standard procedures. Height-for-age (HAZ) and body mass index (BMI) for age z scores were computed using World Health Organization (WHO) Anthroplus and statistical analysis was done using SPSS software version 26. Independent variables with P < 0.25 in bivariable analysis were included in multivariable logistic regression, and variables with P < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. A crude and adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was reported. RESULTS: Among 358 street adolescents, 44% (38.9-49.5) and 56% (50.8-61.4) were thin and stunted, respectively. Thinness among street children could be associated with a longer stay on the street (AOR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.40-1.90), infrequent meal frequency (AOR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.19-1.45), unprotected drinking water sources (AOR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.40-1.71), alcohol drinking (AOR, 2.92; 95% CI, 1.51-4.32), inadequately diversified diet (AOR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.06-1.36), and illness history (AOR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.21-1.47). Moreover, odds of stunting were significantly associated with staying on the street (AOR, 1.32; 1.10-1.54), unsafe drinking water (AOR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.13-2.66), smoking cigarettes (AOR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.21-2.52), dietary diversity (AOR, 2.34; 95% CI, 1.43-3.82), and acute illness (AOR, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.31-5.23). CONCLUSION: Thinness and stunting were prevalent among street children and are associated with infrequent meals, poor dietary diversity, substance abuse, unsafe water sources, and illness histories that could be targeted for multisectoral interventions.


Assuntos
Água Potável , Jovens em Situação de Rua , Desnutrição , Criança , Humanos , Adolescente , Etiópia/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Magreza/epidemiologia , Magreza/etiologia , Desnutrição/epidemiologia , Transtornos do Crescimento , Prevalência
3.
PLoS One ; 18(4): e0283075, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37079596

RESUMO

BACKGROUNDS: Unhealthy dietary intake is an important preventable risk factor for obesity and impaired blood glucose (IBG), ultimately increasing the risk of non-communicable diseases. When compared to individual food intakes, dietary patterns are a stronger predictor of health outcomes and should be systematically evaluated where such evidence is lacking. This study evaluated dietary patterns and their association with the risk of central obesity and IBG among adults. METHODS: A community-based survey was conducted among 501 randomly-selected adults from Eastern Ethiopia. Data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire during a face-to-face interview that included sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, as well as a validated 89-item food frequency questionnaire (collected over one month). Principal component analysis was used to derive the dietary pattern. While central obesity was assessed using waist and/or hip circumference measurements, fasting blood sugar was used for IBG. A multivariable logistic regression model was fitted with an odds ratio, 95% confidence intervals, and p-values reported. RESULTS: A total of 501 adults (95.3%) were interviewed, with a mean age of 41 years (±12). Five major dietary patterns explaining 71% of the total variance were identified: "nutrient-dense foods", "high fat and protein", "processed foods", "alcohol drinks", and "cereal diets". While 20.4% (17.0-24.2%) had IBG, 14.6% (11.8-17.9) were centrally obese, and 94.6% (92.3-96.3) had an increased waist-to-hip circumference ratio. Central obesity is associated with upper wealth status (AOR = 6.92; 2.91-16.5), physical inactivity (AOR = 21.1; 2.77-161.4), a diet high in nutrient-dense foods (AOR = 1.75; 0.75-4.06), processed foods (AOR = 1.41; 0.57-3.48), and cereal diets (AOR = 4.06; 1.87-8.82). The burden of IBG was associated with upper wealth status (AOR = 2.36; 1.36-4.10), physical inactivity (AOR = 2.17; 0.91-5.18), upper tercile of nutrient-dense foods (AOR = 1.35; 0.62-2.93), fat and protein diet (AOR = 1.31; 0.66-2.62), and cereal diet consumption (AOR = 3.87; 1.66-9.02). CONCLUSION: IBG and central obesity were prevalent and predicted by upper tercile consumption of nutrient-dense foods, high fat and protein diets, processed foods, and cereal diets, which could guide dietary interventions.


Assuntos
Glicemia , Obesidade Abdominal , Adulto , Humanos , Obesidade Abdominal/epidemiologia , Obesidade Abdominal/etiologia , Etiópia/epidemiologia , Vida Independente , Comportamento Alimentar , Estudos Transversais , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Obesidade/etiologia , Dieta , Estudos Epidemiológicos
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