RESUMO
This cross-sectional study evaluated the immune status of non-vaccinated healthy infants to determine if it is possible to replace both measles vaccine (at 9 months) and measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine (at 18 months) with a single dose of MMR at 12 months. Serum samples from 566 children in Alexandria, Egypt showed a significant decrease in the seropositive rate to the 3 viral diseases with increasing age, but a significant increase in the seropositive rate among infants who were ranked 1st or 2nd in their family, full-term or born to mothers with no history of hypertension during pregnancy. We recommend administration of the first dose of MMR vaccine between 9 and 12 months of age, and a booster dose of MMR vaccine at 4 years of age.
Assuntos
Vacina contra Sarampo , Vacina contra Sarampo-Caxumba-Rubéola , Avaliação das Necessidades/organização & administração , Vacinação/métodos , Fatores Etários , Análise de Variância , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Egito/epidemiologia , Feminino , Diretrizes para o Planejamento em Saúde , Humanos , Esquemas de Imunização , Imunização Secundária/métodos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Sarampo/epidemiologia , Sarampo/imunologia , Sarampo/prevenção & controle , Vacina contra Sarampo/administração & dosagem , Vacina contra Sarampo/imunologia , Vacina contra Sarampo-Caxumba-Rubéola/administração & dosagem , Vacina contra Sarampo-Caxumba-Rubéola/imunologia , Caxumba/epidemiologia , Caxumba/imunologia , Caxumba/prevenção & controle , Rubéola (Sarampo Alemão)/epidemiologia , Rubéola (Sarampo Alemão)/imunologia , Rubéola (Sarampo Alemão)/prevenção & controle , Estudos SoroepidemiológicosRESUMO
A sensitive and simple voltammetric method of analysis is developed for the determination of trace amounts of gallamine triethiode in phosphate media. This method is based on controlled adsorptive preconcentration of the relaxant onto a Hanging Mercury Drop Electrode (HMDE) whereby mercurous iodide salt(s) are formed. The technique used is Cathodic Linear Sweep Stripping Voltammetry (CLSSV). The adsorptive response was evaluated with respect to preconcentration time and potential. As little as 3 x 10(-9) mol dm(-3) i.e. 2.7 ppb flaxedil (proconcentration time 300 seconds) can be determined successfully. The application of this method was tested in the determination of flaxedil in pharmaceutical preparation (ampoules).
Assuntos
Técnicas de Química Analítica/métodos , Trietiodeto de Galamina/análise , Fármacos Neuromusculares não Despolarizantes/análise , Eletrodos , Tensoativos/química , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
LDH isoenzymes and heat-stable alkaline phosphatase were studied in the serum and placental extract of 20 cases of pre-eclampsia and 10 normal pregnancies as a control. The starch-gel electrophoretic serum and placental isoenzymogram showed that LDH4 and LDH5 were the main isoenzymes in the placenta while LDH1 and LDH2 were the main isoenzymes in the serum in pre-eclampsia. The electrophoretic serum protein pattern in pre-eclamlobulins with decreased albumin fraction, while in the placenta, the albumin fraction was increased together with a decrease in the alpha-globulins. The electrophoretic pattern of serum alkaline phosphatase showed a main band of activity at the B-globulin zone in all cases of normal pregnancy and pre-eclampsia. In the placenta, two additional bands were detected.
