RESUMO
The efficacy of Balanites aegyptiaca fruit mesocarp was compared with praziquantel in mice infected with Sudanese strain of Schistosoma mansoni. Infected mice were given a single dose of 200 mg/kg body weight of B. aegyptiaca fruit mesocarp and 200 mg/kg b.w. of praziquantel after 6 weeks from the onset of the infection. A significant reduction was observed in EPG (egg count per gram of faeces), eggs burden in tissues and recovery of adult worms (P<0.05) for both the plant and the drug-treated animals.
Assuntos
Anti-Helmínticos/farmacologia , Balanites , Fitoterapia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Schistosoma mansoni/efeitos dos fármacos , Administração Oral , Animais , Anti-Helmínticos/administração & dosagem , Anti-Helmínticos/uso terapêutico , Quimioterapia Combinada , Fezes/parasitologia , Feminino , Frutas , Masculino , Camundongos , Testes de Sensibilidade Parasitária , Extratos Vegetais/administração & dosagem , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Praziquantel/administração & dosagem , Praziquantel/farmacologia , Praziquantel/uso terapêutico , Esquistossomose mansoni/tratamento farmacológico , Esquistossomose mansoni/parasitologia , Caramujos/parasitologiaRESUMO
The prevalence of antibodies against Leishmania donovani in selected domestic and wild animal species in 2 villages in Sudan with active L. donovani transmission in humans was investigated. Screening of domestic animals (donkeys, cows, sheep, goats, camels and dogs) with the direct agglutination test (DAT) detected reaction rates above the cut-off titres in donkeys (68.7%), cows (21.4%) and goats (8.5%), and which were also found in wild rats (5.5%). Sera of sheep, camels and dogs had a weak agglutination reaction below the cut-off titre. Testing of the same sera by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), against a lysate of L. donovani promastigotes, showed reaction rates above the cut-off optical density in cows (47.6%), goats (13.6%), and in rats (4.1%). No Leishmania parasite was isolated from spleen, liver, bone-marrow or spleen of Nile rats.
Assuntos
Animais Domésticos/imunologia , Anticorpos Antiprotozoários/sangue , Doenças Endêmicas/veterinária , Leishmania donovani/imunologia , Leishmaniose Visceral/veterinária , Animais , Animais Selvagens/imunologia , Camelus/imunologia , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/imunologia , Equidae/imunologia , Doenças das Cabras/imunologia , Cabras , Humanos , Leishmaniose Visceral/imunologia , Leishmaniose Visceral/transmissão , Ratos , Roedores/imunologia , Ovinos , Doenças dos Ovinos/imunologia , SudãoAssuntos
Doenças dos Bovinos/fisiopatologia , Enteropatias Parasitárias/veterinária , Infecções por Nematoides/veterinária , Doenças dos Ovinos/fisiopatologia , Aumento de Peso , Animais , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/tratamento farmacológico , Enteropatias Parasitárias/tratamento farmacológico , Enteropatias Parasitárias/fisiopatologia , Ivermectina/uso terapêutico , Infecções por Nematoides/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por Nematoides/fisiopatologia , Contagem de Ovos de Parasitas , Ovinos , Doenças dos Ovinos/tratamento farmacológico , SudãoRESUMO
Immune serum delayed the onset of parasitemia in both intact and splenectomized mice, but it neither prevented the development of Babesia rodhaini infection nor protected the mice from death even with further supplementation of immune serum during the infection. The protective antibodies in the serum are more effective in their action on free B. rodhaini parasites than on infected erythrocytes; the parasites (free or inside the red cells) being direct targets for the antibodies. Passive administration of the immune serum seemed to inhibit the active development of the host's own immune response. B. rodhaini, unlike Plasmodium berghei, produces surface changes in the membranes of infected erythrocytes and therefore on incubation of infected erythrocytes and therefore on incubation of infected erythrocytes in immune serum there is either entry and subsequent interaction of antibodies with the parasites within the erythrocytes or there is action of antibody with antigen in the erythrocyte membranes. The effect of immune serum on parasitized erythrocytes is greatest when the parasitized cells incubated in immune serum were administered with additional amounts of immune serum, indicating the ability of the immune serum to extend its action in vivo.
