Timely initiation of postpartum contraceptive utilization in Sebata Hawas district, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study.

Lack of timely initiating of postpartum contraceptive utilization may lead to mistimed, unintended pregnancies and even become dying as a result of complications related to pregnancy and childbirth. To the best of our knowledge, we have not found enough evidence on the associated factors of timely initiation of postpartum contraceptive utilization in the rural setting of Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of timely initiation of postpartum contraceptive utilization and associated factors among women of childbearing age in Sebat Hawas, Oromia, Ethiopia. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 30 to May 20, 2022. A multistage sampling technique was used to select the participants. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify associated factors. An adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was used to measure the strength of the association. A P-value <0.05 was declared as a statistically significant association. All analysis was performed using SPSS. A total of 804 participants were included in this study. Overall, the prevalence of timely initiation of postpartum contraceptive utilization was 38.6%. In the multivariable models, illiterate women (Adjusted Odd Ratio (AOR): 0.57; 95% CI: 0.35-0.94), with less than 3000 ETB monthly income (AOR: 0.41, 95% CI: 0.22-0.79), counseling on family planning (AOR: 3.75, 95% CI: 1.59-8.83), Menses returned time (AOR: 2.33, 95% CI: 1.15-4.72) and discussion with husband on family planning (AOR: 3.07, 95% CI: 1.61-5.84) were significantly associated with timely initiation of postpartum contraceptive utilization. The findings of this study suggested that the prevalence of timely initiation of postpartum contraceptive utilization was low. Illiterate women, with low monthly income, counseling on family planning, menses returned time, and discussion with their husbands on family planning was the main determinant factors for timely initiation of postpartum contraceptive utilization.

Late initiation of antenatal care among pregnant women in Addis Ababa city, Ethiopia: a facility based cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Antenatal care (ANC) is the care given to pregnant women to prevent poor feto-maternal outcomes during pregnancy. The World Health Organization recommends first ANC visit be started as early as possible within in 12 weeks of gestation. Although there is improvement in overall ANC coverage, a sizable proportion of pregnant women in Ethiopia delay the time to initiate their first ANC visit. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate factors associated with late ANC initiation among pregnant women attending public health centers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. METHODS: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 407 randomly selected pregnant women who attended ANC at selected public health centers in Addis Ababa from December 2020 to January 2021. Data were collected using pretested and structured questionnaires through a face-to-face interview and reviewing medical records. Binary and multivariable logistic regressions were fitted sequentially to identify predictors for late ANC initiation. Adjusted odds ratios with 95% CI were computed to measure the strength of associations and statistical significance was declared at a p-value < 0.05. RESULT: This study showed that 47% of pregnant women started their first ANC visit late.The age of 30 years and above, being married, unplanned pregnancy, having a wrong perception about the timing of the first ANC visit, and not having ANC for previous pregnancy was significantly associated with late ANC initiation. CONCLUSION: Nearly half of the women initiated their first ANC visit late. Tailored interventions aimed at promoting early ANC initiation should target married women, women with an unplanned pregnancy, women who perceived the wrong timing of their first ANC, and those who have no ANC for their previous pregnancy.

Immediate postpartum intrauterine contraceptive device utilization and associated factors among women who gave birth in public health facilities of Adama town, Ethiopia.

Objectives: The evidence on utilization of immediate postpartum intrauterine contraceptive devices (IPPIUCDs) and its associated factors are limited in Ethiopia. Hence, this study intended to assess IPPIUCD utilization and related factors among women who gave birth in Adama town public hospitals, Ethiopia. Method: A facility-based cross-sectional study was done among 493 postpartum mothers at selected government health facilities in Adama town from January 20 to February 20, 2021. All women who gave birth in selected government health facilities and within 48 h of postpartum were included in the study. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Logistic regression models were used to identify the factors associated with IPPIUCD utilization. Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to measure the strength of association and statistical significance was declared at p < 0.05. Result: In this study, 22.1% (95% CI: 17.3-25.2) of the mothers used IPPIUCDs within 48 h of giving birth. Having three or more children (AOR = 4.18, 95% CI: 1.79-9.79), having no desire to have another child (AOR = 3.9, 95% CI: 1.86-8.17), counseling after delivery (AOR = 3.1 95% CI: 1.52-6.34), and having good knowledge about PPIUCD (AOR = 3.82, 95% CI: 1.94-7.49) were significantly associated with IPPIUCD utilization. Conclusion: The utilization of IPPIUCD in this study was low. Strategies to raise pregnant mothers' awareness of IPPIUCD through mass media, and integrating standard counseling on immediate postpartum intrauterine device (IPPIUD) during antenatal care, and the immediate postpartum period are required to improve IPPIUD utilization.

Prevalence of COVID-19 Vaccine Side Effects among Early-Vaccinated Healthcare Workers in Eastern Ethiopia.

Background: The Ministry of Health of Ethiopia launched the COVID-19 vaccination campaign in March 2021, with frontline healthcare workers as first-round recipients and a goal of vaccinating 20% of the population by the end of 2021. The study aims to estimate the prevalence of COVID-19 vaccination side effects among early vaccinated healthcare workers in Adama hospital medical college. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out between March and June 2021, following the vaccination of COVID-19 vaccine among healthcare workers in Adama hospital medical college. The study used a structured self-administered questionnaire and additional telephone surveys on items covering the participants' demographic data, local and systemic manifestations after vaccination. Results: A total of 540 health care workers and supportive staff were enrolled in this study. The overall any-symptom report after the first dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV- 19 vaccine was 84.3%. The majority (39.6%) of participants had both systemic and local symptoms and 25.7% had only local and 18.9% had only systemic symptoms. Injection site pain was the most prevalent side effect symptom (64.1%), followed by fatigue (35.7%), headache (28.9%), joint pain (26.5%), and muscle pain (21.5%). Conclusion: Vaccine side effects were common and found to be well-tolerated among the recipients of the first dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 at Adama hospital medical college healthcare workers. The side effects were mainly mild to moderate. More side-effect profiles should be studied and disseminated to detect rare adverse reactions.

Willingness of community based health insurance uptake and associated factors among urban residents of Oromia regional state, Oromia, Ethiopia, a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Globally, Millions of people cannot use health services because of the fear of payment for the service at the time of service delivery. From the agenda of transformation and the current situation of urbanization as well as to ensure universal health coverage implementing this program to the urban resident is mandatory. The aim of this study is to assess the willingness of community-based health insurance (CBHI) uptake and associated factors among urban residents of Oromia regional state, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2018. METHODS: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted. From the total of eighteen towns; six towns which account for 33% of the total were selected randomly for the study. One population proportion formula was employed to get a total of 845 households. A pre-tested, semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect the required data. Double-Bounded Dichotomous Choice Variant of the contingent valuation method was used to assess the maximum willingness to pay for the scheme, and a multiple logistic regression model was used to determine the effect of various factors on the willingness to join and willingness to pay for the households. RESULT: About 839 (99.3%) of the respondents participated. The mean ages of the respondents were 40.44(SD ± 11.12) years. 621 (74.1%) ever heard about CBHI with 473 (56.3%) knowing the benefits package. Out of 839, 724 (86.3%) were willing to uptake CBHI of which 704 (83.9%) were willing to pay if CBHI established in their town. CONCLUSION: If CBHI established about 86.3% of the households would enroll in the scheme. Having education, with a family size between 3 & 6, having difficulty in paying for health care and less than 20mins it took to reach the nearest health facility were the independent predictors of the willingness of CBHI uptake. The Oromia and Towns Health Bureau should consider the availability of health facilities near to the community and establishing CBHI in the urban towns.

Anaemia and nutritional status of adolescent girls in Babile District, Eastern Ethiopia.

INTRODUCTION: Nutritional status during adolescence plays an important role in the human lifecycle that influences growth and development and during this period nutrient needs are the greatest. The objective of this study is to assess anaemia and nutritional status of adolescent girls in the Babile district, Eastern Ethiopia. METHODS: Data were collected from 547 adolescent aged 10-19 years by cross sectional study design. WHO Anthro-plus software was used to analyse Nutritional statuses of adolescents and magnitudes were determined using WHO 2007 references point. Haemoglobin was measured on site by hem cue machine. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was carried out depending on the nature of variables. RESULTS: The result of the study show that 21.6% thin, 4.8% were over weighted and 1.1% was obese, 32% were anaemic and 15% of adolescents were stunted/ short stature than normal. Nutritional status of adolescent were low both in urban and rural adolescents, but severe thinness were higher among of rural (39.3%) compared to urban (37.5%) adolescents. Factors independently associated with stunting were place of residence, father occupation source of drinking water and age of the adolescents. CONCLUSION: Nutritional status of adolescent girls contributes to the nutritional status of the community. There is a need to initiate intervention measures to improve the nutritional status of adolescent girls who are the future 'mothers-to-be'. Hence, there is a need to create awareness among adolescents and their family about nutrition and health.