Phytocorrection of Age-Related Changes in the Composition of Blood Plasma, Lymph, and Interstitial Fluid.

We studied the effect of a new complex phytocomposition on age-related changes in the composition of biological fluids (blood, lymph, and interstitial fluid) in old (22-24-month-old) white Sprague-Dawley rats. A 3-month course of phytocomposition induced an increase in the volumes of interstitial fluid (IF) and plasma and stimulated lymph outflow and diuresis. In the blood and lymph, the clotting time increased, while the viscosity and all lipid indicators decreased. The phytocomposition increased the number of erythrocytes and leukocytes, the levels of immunoglobulins (except IgG) and lymphocyte subpopulations, which contributed to correction and improvement of the immune properties of the blood and lymph. Increased hydration of the tissues of the body and strengthening of the anti-atherogenic and immune properties of the lymph and blood led to recovery of the drainage and detoxification function of the lymphatic system. Due to the presence of bioflavonoids, microelements, and vitamins, the new complex phytocomposition produces a lymphotropic effect by changing the composition of the blood, lymph, and IF and stimulates fluid transport from IF into the vascular bed, thereby promoting natural lymph detoxification and increasing the immune properties of the blood and lymph.

Condition of Adrenergic Innervation Apparatus of the Thyroid Gland, Blood and Lymph Vessels, and Lymph Nodes during Correction of Hypothyrosis.

We used specific histochemical fluorescence-microscopic method of visualization of catecholamines to study adrenergic innervation of the thyroid gland tissue, blood vessels of the thyroid gland, cervical lymphatic vessel and lymph nodes in rats during correction of hypothyroidism with a bioactive formulation (Vozrozhdenie Plus balm with Potentilla alba L.). In experimental hypothyroidism, adrenergic innervation of the thyroid gland and the wall of the cervical lymph node, concentrated mainly along the arterial vessels and the cervical lymphatic vessel, retained its structural formations (plexuses and varicosities), but diffusion of catecholamines outside these formations was observed. Correction with the bioactive formulation restored of the contours of the nerve plexuses and varicosities and their brighter fluorescence in the thyroid gland and cervical lymphatic vessel and node. During correction of hypothyroidism with the bioactive formulation, reorganization of regional lymphatic vessels and nodes was more pronounced than reorganization of the thyroid gland.

The Specifics of Adrenergic Innervation of Lymph Nodes from Different Body Regions in Young, Mature, and Old Animals.

Adrenergic innervation in the tissue of the cervical, mesenteric, and popliteal lymph nodes in rats of different age groups (from 2-45 days to 24 months) was studied using the specific fluorescence-microscopic imaging of catecholamines. Adrenergic innervation in the lymph nodes of rats is present from the first days of life, but it develops and complicates during postnatal ontogeny and is fully formed by thedays 20-30 of life. By the age of one month, adrenergic innervation represents a well-formed apparatus in all parts of the node, i.e. in the capsule, trabeculae, and cortical and medullary substance. These are brightly fluorescent nerve fibers that form plexuses with regularly located multiple varicosities. In senile animals, the density and number of plexuses in all parts of the lymph node are preserved, but the brightness of plexuses decreases, plexus fibers become discontinuous, varicosities become less frequent or disappear. These changes are seen in lymph nodes from different body regions.

Adrenergic Innervation of the thyroid Gland, Blood and Lymph Vessels, and Lymph Nodes in Hypothyroidism.

Adrenergic innervation in the tissue of the thyroid gland, blood vessels of the thyroid gland, cervical lymphatic vessel, and lymph nodes in rats with hypothyroidism was studied by using a specific histochemical fluorescent-microscopic method of visualization of catecholamines. The presence of adrenergic innervation in the blood and lymph vessels and nodes was demonstrated. In hypothyroidism, diffusion of norepinephrine from nerve fibers and varicose thickenings was observed in the wall of the upper and lower thyroid arteries and adjacent cervical lymphatic vessels and nodes.

Contractile Activity of Lymph Nodes in Young, Middle-Aged, and Old Rats.

We studied age-associated changes in contractile activity of isolated cervical and mesenteric lymph nodes in rats. In young and middle-aged rats, no significant changes in contractile activity of lymph nodes were revealed. In old rats, the amplitude of spontaneous contractions of lymph nodes was lower and their rate was higher than in young and middle-aged animals; the sensitivity of lymph nodes to vasoactive agents was reduced and the threshold of the response was higher in old rats.

Lympho- and Hemodynamics in Dogs with Acute Experimental Pancreatitis.

Dogs with experimental pancreatitis showed increased lymph fl ow, impaired rheological properties of the lymph and blood plasma, and increased plasma and blood levels of glucose, ALT, and AST.

[Transport function of the lymph nodes in young and old animals].

The paper discusses the age-related changes of contractile activity of the capsule of the lymph nodes, underlying their transport function. The results of the studies conducted on the mesenteric lymph nodes of young and old bulls are presented. The changes in the contractile function of the capsule of the lymph nodes were revealed in the older animals. The changes appeared in the decrease of the amplitude and increase of the phase contraction frequency which are based on the replacement of smooth muscle by connective tissue, the enhancement of pacemaker activity of smooth muscle cells and endothelial dysfunction of lymph node cells.

Lymph flow and contractile activity of mesenteric lymph nodes in rats with toxic hepatitis effects of antioxidants.

We studied contractile function of isolated mesenteric lymph nodes in rats with toxic hepatitis. We observed suppression of spontaneous and stimulated contractile activity of mesenteric lymph nodes and changes in biochemical composition of the lymph. We propose a method of correction of these dysfunctions with antioxidant α-tocopherol and Selen-Active.

[Contractile activity of pectoral channel and lymph nodes in rats under antiorthostatic influences].

It has been established that during short term body antiorthostatic positions lymphatic system carries out compensatory function, unloading the cardiovascular system from redundant exercise. The contractile activity of pectoral channel and lymphatic nodes in weightlessness (antiorthostatic influence) was studied. The functional role of neck lymph nodes is expressed by depositing of liquid during redistribution of the blood. The atony of neck lymph nodes as well as loss of pectoral channel and lymph nodes decrease the receptor sensitivity of vessels and nodes to the action of vasoactive substances.

[Transport function of lymph nodes in body antiorthostatic posture].

The spontaneous contractile activity of isolated lymph nodes and the lymph flow from intestine lymphatic vessel in antiorthostatic posture of rats with an inclination angle of 30 degrees during 7-14 days, was decreased. Contractions of the rat lymph nodes in response to actions of adrenaline, acetylcholine and histamine were diminished. There are changes of biochemical components of lymph and blood plasma with simultaneous decrease of the blood plasma volume. It is concluded that the lymphatic system on antiorthostatic posture plays the compensatory role with the purpose of stabilization of homeostasis in the brain.