Genomic annotation for vaccine target identification and immunoinformatics-guided multi-epitope-based vaccine design against Songling virus through screening its whole genome encoded proteins.

Songling virus (SGLV), a newly discovered tick-borne orthonairovirus, was recently identified in human spleen tissue. It exhibits cytopathic effects in human hepatoma cells and is associated with clinical symptoms including headache, fever, depression, fatigue, and dizziness, but no treatments or vaccines exist for this pathogenic virus. In the current study, immunoinformatics techniques were employed to identify potential vaccine targets within SGLV by comprehensively analyzing SGLV proteins. Four proteins were chosen based on specific thresholds to identify B-cell and T-cell epitopes, validated through IFN-γ epitopes. Six overlap MHC-I, MHC-II, and B cell epitopes were chosen to design a comprehensive vaccine candidate, ensuring 100% global coverage. These structures were paired with different adjuvants for broader protection against international strains. Vaccine constructions' 3D models were high-quality and validated by structural analysis. After molecular docking, SGLV-V4 was selected for further research due to its lowest binding energy (-66.26 kcal/mol) and its suitable immunological and physiochemical properties. The vaccine gene is expressed significantly in E. coli bacteria through in silico cloning. Immunological research and MD simulations supported its molecular stability and robust immune response within the host cell. These findings can potentially be used in designing safer and more effective experimental SGLV-V4 vaccines.

Gastroduodenal Bleeding and Perforation in Diabetic Patients with Metabolic Syndrome (The Results of a 15-Year Observation of City Residents with Intensive Urbanization).

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of bleeding and perforation against the diabetes mellitus, obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) is studied not sufficiently. METHODS: The period of collecting the material was 15 years (2003-2017). The observation analysis was conducted for the patients at polyclinics observations, by the doctors of first-aid, in the surgical departments of the Astana City, Kazakhstan. The number of first-aid visits to patients, the medical cards of the patients with gastroduodenal perforation (GDP) and gastroduodenal bleeding (GDB) were analyzed. RESULTS: The rate of annual growth of indices of overall morbidity Rgm=1.0%, obesity in combination with diabetes was Ro=1.7%; and morbidity with metabolic syndrome was Rm=3.1%. The diagnosis of GDP was revealed in 0.63 men with MetS for every 100000 urban people. The diagnosis of GDB was registered in 2.12 men for 100000 urban people. The index of the annual growth in patients with MetS had the tendency to the growth (Rms=3.1%). CONCLUSION: The high medical and social significance of diseases of the digestive system among the adult population in Kazakhstan is determined by the annual increase in the incidence rate and a clear decrease in the quality of life of such patients, which necessitates the search for scientifically based ways to improve medical care for this population.

The ageing rate of workers engaged in chrome ore processing.

BACKGROUND: According to the modern concept of occupational medicine adopted by the World Health Organization, relationship between health and work is fully established while the levels of physical, chemical and biological harmful production factors can be considered as causative factors of occupational diseases. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this research is to determine the aging rate of at risk workers engaged in chrome ore processing in order to increase their health status and quality of life. METHODS: Biological age (BA) of workers was calculated by measuring the blood pressure, static balance (SB), respiratory rate (RR) and by a questionnaire survey on subjective health assessment (SHA). RESULTS: Based on the workplace certification, we have selected unfavorable professions to assess the rate of aging. We have determined the aging rate, according to which biological age exceeds the official age of workers engaged in chrome ore processing in harmful working conditions. CONCLUSIONS: In harmful working conditions, the aging rate accelerates manifesting in at risk worker's health status with BA-PBA ratio in the range from 2.6 to 7.9 years. Regulators, crusher attendants and refractory men, who work in unfavorable climate, should be the leading professional occupations in terms of proper biological age (PBA) monitoring.