Polymer complexes. LXXV. Characterization of quinoline polymer complexes as potential bio-active and anti-corrosion agents.

The Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+ and UO22+ polymer complexes of 5-(2,3-dimethyl-1-phenylpyrazol-5-one azo)-8-hydroxyquinoline (HL) ligand were prepared and characterized. Elemental analyses, IR spectra, X-ray diffraction analysis and thermal analysis studies have been used to confirm the structure of the prepared polymer complexes. The chemical structure of metal chelates commensurate that the ligand acts as a neutral bis(bidentate) by through four sites of coordination (azo dye nitrogen, carbonyl oxygen, phenolic oxygen and hetero nitrogen from pyridine ring). The molecular and electronic structures of the hydrogen bond conformers of HL ligand were optimized theoretically and the quantum chemical parameters were calculated. Elemental analysis data suggested that the polymer complexes have composition of octahedral geometry for all the polymer complexes. Molecular docking of the binding between HL and the receptors of prostate cancer (PDB code 2Q7L Hormone) and the breast cancer (PDB code 1JNX Gene regulation) was studied. The interaction between HL and its polymer complexes with the calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) was determined by absorption spectra. The antimicrobial activity of HL and its Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+ and UO22+ polymer complexes were investigated; only Cu(II) polymer complex (1) was specifically active against Aspergillus niger. It inhibited the fungal sporulation and distorted the fungal mycelia, which became squashed at a concentration of 150 µg/ml; transmission electron microscope (TEM) also showed a deactivation of autophagy in the treated A. niger cells via accumulation of autophagic bodies in vacuoles. The inhibition process of the prepared ligand (HL) against the corrosion of carbon steel in 2 M HCl solution was determined by various methods (weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and electrochemical frequency modulation (EFM) techniques) are found to be in reasonable agreement. The mechanism of inhibition in presence of HL in carbon steel corrosion obeys Friendlish adsorption isotherm.

Poly R decolorization and APPL production by Streptomyces violaceoruber and Streptomyces spiroverticillatus

Two mesophilic streptomycetes (S. violaceoruber and S. spiroverticillatus) were selected to study their Poly R-478 decolorization ability and lignocellulose solubilizing activity. Both strains were able to degrade Poly R-478 dye and ferulic acid during growth on a minimal salts medium. The Poly R-478 decolorizing activities of both strains were induced by adding different carbon sources to the culture media. S. violaceoruber could decolorize 63% of Poly R-478 after 24 h. Both strains could solubilize straw and produce acid-precipitable polymeric lignin (APPL) with different efficiency. From the major extracellular enzymes recovery of both strains on rice and wheat straw, we can predicate that the biodegradation process was partial indicating a possible utilization in biological delignification.

Poly R decolorization and APPL production by Streptomyces violaceoruber and Streptomyces spiroverticillatus.

Two mesophilic streptomycetes (S. violaceoruber and S. spiroverticillatus) were selected to study their Poly R-478 decolorization ability and lignocellulose solubilizing activity. Both strains were able to degrade Poly R-478 dye and ferulic acid during growth on a minimal salts medium. The Poly R-478 decolorizing activities of both strains were induced by adding different carbon sources to the culture media. S. violaceoruber could decolorize 63% of Poly R-478 after 24 h. Both strains could solubilize straw and produce acid-precipitable polymeric lignin (APPL) with different efficiency. From the major extracellular enzymes recovery of both strains on rice and wheat straw, we can predicate that the biodegradation process was partial indicating a possible utilization in biological delignification.

Influence of substituent effects on spectroscopic properties and antimicrobial activity of 5-(4'-substituted phenylazo)-2-thioxothiazolidinone derivatives.

5-(4'-substituted phenylazo)-2-thioxothiazolidinone derivatives (HL(n)) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, spectra (IR, electronic and (1)H NMR). The IR spectral data indicate that the compounds can exist in two resonance structures. The synthesized ligands were screened for their antimicrobial activity against four bacterial species, two Gram positive bacteria (Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus) and two Gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae) as well as against some species various of fungi; Aspergillus niger, Penicillium chrysogenum, Penicillium italicum and Fusarium oxysporium. The results showed that most these ligands are good antibacterial agents against B. cereus and S. aureus and antifungal agents against A. niger and F. oxysporium. HL(3) was found to be the most effect compound against all tested microorganisms. The size of clear zone were ordered as follows p-(OCH(3) < CH(3) < H < Cl < NO(2)) as expected from Hammett's constant σ(R).

Supramolecular coordination and antimicrobial activities of constructed mixed ligand complexes.

A novel series of copper(II) and palladium(II) with 4-derivatives benzaldehyde pyrazolone (L(n)) were synthesized. The mixed ligand complexes were prepared by using 1,10-phenanthroline (Phen) as second ligand. The structure of these complexes was identified and confirm by elemental analysis, molar conductivity, UV-Vis, IR and (1)H NMR spectroscopy and magnetic moment measurements as well as thermal analysis. The ligand behaves as a neutral bidentate ligand through ON donor sites. ESR spectra show the simultaneous presence of a planar trans and a nearly planar cis isomers in the 1:2 ratio for all N,O complexes [Cu(L(n))(2)]Cl(2)⋅2H(2)O. Schiff bases (L(n)) were tested against bacterial species; namely two Gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus) and two Gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae) and fungal species (Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporium, Penicillium italicum and Alternaria alternata). The tested compounds have antibacterial activity against S. aureus, B. cereus and K. pneumoniae.

Production and partial characterization of high molecular weight extracellular alpha-amylase from Thermoactinomyces vulgaris isolated from Egyptian soil.

Optimizing production of alpha-amylase production by Thermoactinomyces vulgaris isolated from Egyptian soil was studied. The optimum incubation period, temperature and initial pH of medium for organism growth and enzyme yield were around 24 h, 55 degrees C and 7.0, respectively. Maximum alpha-amylase activity was observed in a medium containing starch as carbon source. The other tested carbohydrates (cellulose, glucose, galactose, xylose, arabinose, lactose and maltose) inhibited the enzyme production. Adding tryptone as a nitrogen source exhibited a maximum activity of alpha-amylase. Bactopeptone and yeast extract gave also high activity comparing to the other nitrogen sources (NH4CI, NH4NO3, NaNO3, KNO3, CH3CO2NH4). Electrophoresis profile of the produced two alpha-amylase isozymes indicated that the same pattern at about 135-145 kDa under different conditions. The optimum pH and temperature of the enzyme activity were 8.0 and 60 degrees C, respectively and enzyme was stable at 50 degrees C over 6 hours. The enzyme was significantly inhibited by the addition of metal ions (Na+, Co2+ and Ca2+) whereas CI- seemed to act as activator. The enzyme was not affected by 0.1 mM EDTA while higher concentration (10 mM EDTA) totally inactivated the enzyme.

Antibiotic susceptibility and genotype patterns of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from urinary tract infected patients.

Thirty nine isolates of Escherichia coli, twenty two isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae and sixteen isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from urinary tract infected patients were analyzed by antimicrobial susceptibility typing and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was carried out by microdilution and E Test methods. From the antibiotic susceptibility, ten patterns were recorded (four for E. coli, three for K. pneumoniae and three for P. aeruginosa respectively). Furthermore, genotyping showed seventeen RAPD patterns (seven for E. coli, five for K. pneumoniae and five for P. aeruginosa respectively). In this study, differentiation of strains of E. coli, K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa from nosocomial infection was possible with the use of RAPD.

Purification and characterization of xylanase from a thermophilic Streptomyces sp. K37.

Extracellular xylanase (EC 3.2.1.8) from Streptomyces sp. K37 was purified 33.53 by ultrafiltration and cation exchange chromatography followed by gel filtration chromatography. The optimum pH and temperature for purified xylanase were found to be pH 6.0 and 60 degrees C. The Km and V(max) values of the purified xylanase were 15.4 mg ml(-1) and 0.67 micromole reducing sugar min(-1) ml(-1). High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) gel filtration of the purified xylanase eluted xylanase activity as a peak corresponding to the molecular weight of about 24.3 kDa while the molecular weight determined by SDS-PAGE was found to be 26.4 kDa. The purified xylanase of Streptomyces sp. K37 was found to be endoxylanase and non arabinose liberating enzyme and was highly glycosylated (73.97%).