RESUMO
Epilepsy is a common chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurrent unprovoked seizures. There has been a considerable interest in the development of many antiepileptic and anticonvulsant agents for controlling epilepsy with fewer side effects and improvement of quality of life. Since the terms antiepileptics /anticonvulsants are used interchangeably, this article reviews their classification according to the chemical structure into: hydantoins, oxazolidinediones, succinimides, barbiturates, amides, benzodiazepines, valproic acid and its derivatives, GABA-analogues, cycloalkanes, semicarbazones, γ butyrolactones (GBLs), imidaquinazolines and pyrrolidine derivatives as well as miscellaneous compounds. In addition, the review discusses the different mechanisms of action of antiepileptic and anticonvulsant agents.
Assuntos
Anticonvulsivantes/química , Anticonvulsivantes/farmacologia , Animais , Anticonvulsivantes/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Convulsões/tratamento farmacológico , Convulsões/metabolismoRESUMO
A double-blind study has been performed to search for the possible effect of khellin in psoriasis. 10 patients were treated orally with khellin and subsequently exposed to sunlight for 4 months; a total of 8 cases responded positively with variable degrees of clearance. None of 10 controls had any response. A relapse-free duration of 3 years was recorded for 6 out of the 8 responders. This study would introduce the nonpsoralen compound khellin as a possible agent for the therapy of psoriasis.
Assuntos
Quelina/administração & dosagem , Psoríase/tratamento farmacológico , Adolescente , Adulto , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Helioterapia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeAssuntos
Analgésicos/síntese química , Cicloexilaminas/síntese química , Antagonistas dos Receptores Histamínicos H1/síntese química , Analgésicos/farmacologia , Animais , Cicloexilaminas/farmacologia , Cobaias , Antagonistas dos Receptores Histamínicos H1/farmacologia , Camundongos , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
An anticipated effect of khellin, related to its chemical structure, in the photochemotherapy of amelanosis has been investigated. In a double-blind clinical study, khellin has been orally administered to 30 vitiligo patients for 4 months with subsequent exposure to natural sunlight. At the end of the trial period, 5 patients out of 30 (16.6%) repigmented 90-100%; 7 cases (23.3%) repigmented 50-60% of the vitiliginous areas treated; 11 (36.6%) repigmented 25% or less, and 7 subjects (23.3%) showed negative response. 30 control subjects failed to repigment at all. The achieved repigmentation was stable after drug cessation for a period of 1 year. These data add a previously unreported effect for the non-psoralen compound, khellin, in the therapy of vitiligo.
