RESUMO
The site of temporary storage of spent nuclear fuel and radioactive waste, situated at Andreeva Bay in Northwest Russia, was developed in the 1960s, and it has carried out receipt and storage of fresh and spent nuclear fuel, and solid and liquid radioactive waste generated during the operation of nuclear submarines and nuclear-powered icebreakers. The site is now operated as the western branch of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise, SevRAO. In the course of operation over several decades, the containment barriers in the Spent Nuclear Fuel and Radioactive Waste storage facilities partially lost their containment effectiveness, so workshop facilities and parts of the site became contaminated with radioactive substances. This paper describes work being undertaken to provide an updated regulatory basis for the protection of workers during especially hazardous remediation activities, necessary because of the unusual radiation conditions at the site. It describes the results of recent survey work carried out by the Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Centre, within a programme of regulatory cooperation between the Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority and the Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia. The survey work and subsequent analyses have contributed to the development of special regulations setting out radiological protection requirements for operations planned at the site. Within these requirements, and taking account of a variety of other factors, a continuing need arises for the implementation of optimisation of remediation at Andreeva Bay.
Assuntos
Resíduos Industriais/prevenção & controle , Reatores Nucleares/legislação & jurisprudência , Monitoramento de Radiação/legislação & jurisprudência , Proteção Radiológica/legislação & jurisprudência , Resíduos Radioativos/prevenção & controle , Gestão da Segurança/legislação & jurisprudência , Gerenciamento de Resíduos/legislação & jurisprudência , Regulamentação Governamental , Federação RussaRESUMO
We studied the effect of acute stress on serum melatonin concentration, content of major components in the connective tissue (uronic acids, hexosamines, and hydroxyproline), and beta-galactosidase activity in the skin of rats with different activity in the open-field test receiving intraperitoneal injections of physiological saline or melatonin. Acute stress intensified catabolism of carbohydrate components and affected characteristics of the main skin biopolymers. The content of uronic acids in connective tissue carbohydrates decreased. Collagen structures of the skin underwent less pronounced changes. The observed changes were similar in behaviorally active and passive animals. Administration of melatonin increased the contents of uronic acids and hexosamines in the skin. Pretreatment with melatonin prevented the decrease in the content of glycosaminoglycans in rat skin during acute stress.
Assuntos
Melatonina/sangue , Pele/química , Estresse Psicológico , Animais , Comportamento Animal/fisiologia , Glicosaminoglicanos/metabolismo , Hexosaminas/metabolismo , Hidroxiprolina/metabolismo , Masculino , Melatonina/administração & dosagem , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Pele/anatomia & histologia , Pele/metabolismo , Ácidos Urônicos/metabolismoRESUMO
Rearrangement of intra- and intermolecular bonds in collagen molecule, disaggregation of proteoglycans and their elimination from cartilage involved in osteoarthrosis are responsible for water accumulation and its increased mobility in cartilage.