Celulitis orbitaria y amaurosis como complicación de sinusitis esfenoidal: a propósito de un caso / Orbital cellulitis and amaurosis wich complication of sinusitis sphenoidal: a purpose of a case

Las complicaciones de la sinusitis aparecen tanto en las formas agudas como en las crónicas agudizadas y son bastante raras desde la introducción de los antibióticos. La celulitis orbitaria es la complicación grave más común, es peligrosa, pudiéndo llevar incluso la ceguera y a la muerte. Más frecuente en niños que en adultos, su tratamiento consiste en un drenaje precoz del seno afecto, combinando con antibioterapia sistémica. Presentamos el caso de una niña con sinusitis esfenoidal aguda de pocos días de evolución, que se complicó con una celulitis orbitaria y amaurosis. Realizamos una revisión de la literatura

[Laryngeal mask anesthesia technique in adenoidectomy procedures with or without tonsillectomy]. / Técnica anestésica con mascarilla laríngea en intervenciones de adenoidectomía y/o amigdalectomía.

Our experience with laryngeal airway mask in 241 children is reported: 168 adenoidectomies, 47 adenotonsillectomies and 26 tonsillectomies. In every case the device was easy to insert and blood did not enter the upper airway. The technical facility was similar to that of orotracheal intubation surgery. The laryngeal mask was effective for safe airway control, constituting a laryngotracheal barrier against blood, secretions and other fluids and avoiding the irritation of the intraluminal cuff in orotracheal intubation. It requires less deep anesthesia and insertion can be carried out without neuromuscular blockade. Induction and perioperative time are reduced, patient recovery is expedited, and recovery is more comfortable than with other anesthetic techniques. Anesthesiological resultant parameters were within the range of safety. Otherwise, the presence of the laryngeal mask, with its hypopharyngeal cuff, presented no relevant complications for visual and instrumental access to the surgical field. This allows the surgeon to completely eliminate adenotonsillary tissue and to perform effective hemostasis.

[Subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum after tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy]. / Enfisema subcutáneo y neumomediastino tras amigdaloadenoidectomía.

In children, subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum are produced by bronchopulmonary infections, increased transalveolar pressure, bronchotracheal foreign bodies, and anesthetic or dental procedures. The case of a child with subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum after tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy is reported. The etiopathogenesis is discussed and the literature is reviewed.

[Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the larynx]. / Carcinoma neuroendocrino de la laringe.

A case of small-cell carcinoma of the larynx was diagnosed in a 65-year-old man whose only symptom was voice change. Two cervical lymph nodes were present. Indirect laryngoscopy demonstrated a smooth-surfaced mass on the lingual face of the epiglottis, which was confirmed by CAT of the larynx and throat. Histological study was consistent with small-cell carcinoma, is a rare neuroendocrine tumor for this site. The therapeutic strategy is described. A bibliographic review was made to clarify reports of these rare tumors using different nomenclature and classifications.

[Endobronchial hamartoma: a case report]. / Hamartoma endobronquial. A propósito de un caso.

We described a case of endobronchial hamartoma diagnosed in a seven years-old-child (which presented with chronic cough as the only symptom). The chest radiographs showed left lung global condensation. We did rigid bronchoscopy to discard a bronchial foreign body and confirmed the existence of a white-yellowish colour, smooth surface mass obliterating the left main bronchus. Biopsy and anatomopathology study give the result of hamartoma. We performed thoracotomy, bronchotomy and enucleation of the mass. The frequency, clinic, diagnosis and treatment of endobronchial hamartoma are analyzed.

[Hypertrophy of lingual ectopic thyroid gland in pregnancy. A clinical case]. / Hipertrofia del tiroides ectópico lingual durante el embarazo. Caso clínico.

A 28-year-old female, diagnosed two years ago of euthyroid lingual thyroid, has been asymptomatic under observation without treatment until her first pregnancy. During her first pregnancy the lingual thyroid tissue increases of size and produces dysphagia, pain and oral hemorrhages. We realize a thyroid hormone treatment (thyroxine) with regular results. Two months after child-birth the female was completely asymptomatic and doesn't need actually thyroxine suppression. Various aspects are reviewed, such as the predisposing factors (puberty, pregnancy, trauma ...), clinical manifestations, diagnosis and medical and surgical treatments in this rara congenital anomaly.

[Unusual congenital laryngeal anomalies: a review of 13 cases]. / Anomalías congénitas laríngeas raras: una revisión de 13 casos.

In this study we presents: 6 subglottic stenosis, 2 subglottic hemangiomas, 2 laryngeal webs, 2 laryngeal cysts and 1 laryngoesophageal cleft. Were diagnosed during laryngotracheobronchoscopies performed to 220 newborns and small children that showed as main finding: stridor, voice change or aspiration syndrome. The stenosis, hemangiomas and cleft were resolved spontaneously. In the webs and cysts surgical correction was required. Here we will expound upon clinical, diagnostical and therapeutic aspects of these rare congenital laryngeal anomalies.

[Congenital paralysis of the vocal cords: a review of 14 cases]. / Parálisis congénita de cuerdas vocales: una revisión de 14 casos.

Were performed 220 direct laryngoscopys and bronchoscopys, from 1981 to 1990, in newborns and infants that showed as a main finding: stridor, voice change or aspiration syndromes. Fourteen (20.28%) of the 69 congenital laryngeal anomalies were vocal cord paralysis: 13 (92.8%) unilateral paralysis and 1 (7.2%) bilateral paralysis. Eleven (84.6%) of the 13 unilateral paralysis were left and 2 (15.4%) were right. The vocal cord position was noted to be median or paramedian in 13 (92.8%) patients. The etiology was idiopathic in 11 (78.5%) of the cases. The bilateral paralysis required tracheotomy and in the unilateral paralysis wasn't necessary it.

[Laryngomalacia: a review of 42 cases]. / Laringomalacia: una revisión de 42 casos.

In the period from 1981 to 1990, in the Children's Hospital from Sevilla were performed 220 direct laryngoscopies and bronchoscopies to newborns and infants that showed as a main finding: stridor voice change or aspiration syndromes. In the 30 percent the main cause was a congenital laryngeal anomalies. Laryngomalacia is the most common congenital laryngeal anomaly with 42 cases. For it frequency, the otolaryngologist should be familiar with the clinical findings, diagnosis and actual management.

[Apropos a case of rhinoscleroma]. / A propósito de un caso de rinoscleroma.

Rhinoscleroma is a chronic granulomatosis disease of the respiratory tract. It's endemic to Central America and Eastern Europe. It's a rare disease in our country. We describe a case and rare reviewed the clinical findings, diagnosis and treatment.

[Congenital choanal atresia: transpalatal approach]. / Atresia congénita de coanas: abordaje por vía transpalatina.

From 1975-1990, we have diagnosed and treated 17 cases of choanal atresia. The clinical findings, diagnosis and surgical management by transpalatal means, are reviewed.