Esclerostomía protegida con implante Ex-PRESS ® / Ex-PRESS ® implant protected sclerostomy

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Anterior segment changes following intravitreal bevacizumab injection for treatment of neovascular glaucoma.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to describe anterior segment changes in a prospective, interventional, noncomparative case series of patients with neovascular glaucoma secondary to proliferative diabetic retinopathy treated with intravitreal bevacizumab. METHODS: Five consecutive patients with neovascular glaucoma and a refractory, symptomatic elevation of intraocular pressure and pronounced anterior segment congestion received intravitreal bevacizumab 1.25 mg/0.05 mL. Follow-up examinations were performed at 4-16 weeks by the same specialists, with testing performed at hour 48, week 1, and months 1, 3, and 6 after intravitreal bevacizumab. RESULTS: We observed a significant difference (P = 0.021) between initial and mean neovascularization at three months in all the quadrants. At three months, median intraocular pressure was 19 ± 5.38 (range 12-26) mmHg. In three of the five cases, diode laser cyclophotocoagulation was required, and in one case a trabeculectomy was performed. One patient showed complete synechial angle closure 48 hours after treatment which required cyclodestructive procedures to normalize intraocular pressure. CONCLUSION: Intravitreal bevacizumab achieves complete regression of neovascularization in neovascular glaucoma secondary to proliferative diabetic retinopathy, and this regression is stable when associated with treatment of the underlying disease and should be investigated more thoroughly as an adjunct in the management of neovascular glaucoma.

Estudio multicéntrico europeo para la prevención de la endoftalmitis en la cirugía de la catarata / The ESCRS study on antibiotic prophylaxis for endophthalmitis following cataract surgery

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Efficacy of artesunate plus chloroquine for uncomplicated malaria in children in Sao Tome and Principe: a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial.

We conducted a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in Sao Tome and Principe to investigate the safety, tolerability and efficacy of chloroquine (CQ) combined with artesunate (AS) over CQ monotherapy. Four hundred children, aged 6-59 months, with acute uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria were randomized to receive a standard dose of CQ (25 mg/kg bodyweight) over 3 d or CQ + AS (4 mg/kg bodyweight) daily for 3 d. Children were followed-up for 28 d. The combined treatment was well tolerated and there were no serious drug-related adverse events. By day 2 parasite clearance was significantly faster for children treated with CQ + AS compared with CQ alone (29/194 [14.9%] vs. 168/190 [88.4%] still parasitaemic, P< 0.0001). Day 14 parasitological failure rates were 153/191 (80.1%) for CQ alone compared with 32/193 (16.6%) in the CQ + AS group (odds ratio [OR] =20.2, 95% CI 11.7-35.4, P< 0.001). Corresponding clinical failure rates were 128/161 (67.0%) and 12/193 (6.2%) (OR = 30.6, 95% CI 15.3-62.7, P< 0.001). By day 28 the parasitological failure rates (new infections excluded) were 155/191 (81.1%) in the CQ group and 63/194 (32.4%) in the CQ + AS group (OR = 8.9, 95% CI 5.4-14.7, P< 0.001). Symptoms resolved faster in children who received AS. They were also less likely to be gametocytaemic after treatment. The combination treatment was well tolerated and considerably improved treatment efficacy. However, the current levels of CQ resistance preclude its use in Sao Tome where CQ should be abandoned as first-line drug. However, CQ + AS may be an option in areas where CQ resistance is lower.

Vacinaçäo de galinhas de fundo de quintal contra doença de Newcastle com vacina veiculada por milho / Vaccination of free range chickens against Newcastle disease with vaccine given via corn grains

Galinhas livres de microorganismos infecciosos especificados (SPF), de 90 dias de idade e galinhas de fundo de quintal (GFQ), de múltiplas idades, foram vacinadas contra a doença de Newscastle (DN) com amostra La Sota de vírus da DN, usando milho como veículo. Soroconversäo foi determinada pelo teste de inibiçäo de hemaglutinaçäo (IH). Galinhas SPF vacinadas apresentaram soroconversäo, ao contrário das näo vacinadas (sentinelas), as quais foram mantidas na mesma sala que as vacinadas mas em bateria metálica separada. Galinhas de fundo de quintal com mais de um ano de idade (velhas) apresentaram títulos IH antes da vacinaçäo. Em galinhas com menos de um ano (jovens/adultas) os títulos foram irregulares e baixos. Aumento de títulos foi observado 30 dias após a primovacinaçäo nas galinhas jovens/adultas vacinadas ou näo, as quais foram mantidas juntas, mas näo nas velhas de ambas as faixas etárias. Trinta dias após a revacinaçäo, galinhas vacinadas e näo vacinadas de ambas as faixas etárias mantiveram o perfil sorológico observado aos 30 dias após a primovacinaçäo. O método constituiu-se em alternativa prática de vacinaçäo de GFQ em criaçäo extensiva contra a DN

Antimicrobial activity of propolis on oral microorganisms.

Formation of dental caries is caused by the colonization and accumulation of oral microorganisms and extracellular polysaccharides that are synthesized from sucrose by glucosyltransferase of Streptococcus mutans. The production of glucosyltransferase from oral microorganisms was attempted, and it was found that Streptococcus mutans produced highest activity of the enzyme. Ethanolic extracts of propolis (EEP) were examined whether EEP inhibit the enzyme activity and growth of the bacteria or not. All EEP from various regions in Brazil inhibited both glucosyltransferase activity and growth of S. mutans, but one of the propolis from Rio Grande do Sul (RS2) demonstrated the highest inhibition of the enzyme activity and growth of the bacteria. It was also found that propolis (RS2) contained the highest concentrations of pinocembrin and galangin.

Chronic pseudophakic endophthalmitis versus saccular endophthalmitis.

A retrospective survey of 1456 cataract operations done at one hospital from 1991 to 1994 found three cases of chronic pseudophakic endophthalmitis. In two of these cases and one referred from another center, microbiological studies from aqueous humor, capsular bag, and vitreous humor were performed using an identical technique. The histopathology in the three cases showed the presence of microorganisms in the capsular wall, although the cultures were only positive in one case (for corynebacterium species).

Primary amyloidosis presenting as renal infarction.

We report a case of primary amyloidosis affecting the kidney and presenting as a renal infarction on computed tomography and ultrasound examination. To our knowledge, it is the first case in the radio-logical literature with these imaging characteristics.