RESUMO
Extracranial rhabdoid tumor is a rare tumor that can originate in multiple organs, and it is most commonly seen in the kidneys. This tumor has a grave prognosis. We report to the best of our knowledge the first case of infantile scalp extracranial rhabdoid tumor in a 6-month-old male baby who presented with a right parietal scalp mass since the age of 1 month. This mass was initially diagnosed as scalp hemangioma based on clinical and imaging findings. However, this mass was growing fast which necessitated excision. Pathologic examination after excision showed a malignant tumor composed of sheets of rhabdoid cells. Immunohistochemically, this tumor tested positive for vimentin, CD 99, glypican-3, synaptopysin, WT-1, CK, and EMA. INI-1 immunostain was lost in the tumor cells. Subsequently, this tumor was pathologically diagnosed as extracranial scalp rhabdoid tumor. After tumor excision, the patient was referred to pediatric oncology to receive chemotherapy. Experience with scalp extracranial rhabdoid tumors is limited. However, this tumor in other organs carries a grave prognosis. Although scalp extracranial rhabdoid tumor is an extremely rare tumor, it should be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of infantile scalp masses given the need of combined surgical and chemotherapeutic treatment.
RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Anogenital area is a small compartment in the human body. Recognition of various dermatological conditions affecting this area in children is essential for any physician involved in pediatric examination and evaluation. AIM: To assess the nature, diagnoses, and gender differences of Anogenital lesions in pediatric patients presented to Royal Medical Services (RMS) general dermatology clinics, who were five year old and younger. METHODS: The authors reviewed patients' medical records in the period between September 2015 and September 2018. The inclusion criteria were children of both genders who were five year old or younger and presented with papular lesions in the Anogenital area. Those patients visited the general dermatology clinics of The Royal Medical Services Hospitals from the Eastern and Southern regions of Jordan. RESULTS: Over a period of 3 years, a total of 514 patients were five year old or younger presented with various Anogenital papular lesions were evaluated and treated in general dermatology clinics. 35% of the patients presented with Perianal Psuedoverrucous Papules and nodules, 21% presented with Anogenital warts, 16% presented with Molluscum Contageosum. Moreover, 10% were presented with Epidermal nevi, 6% presented with Pearly Penile Papules, 7% presented with Infantile Perineal Pyramidal Protrusion, 4% presented with Vulvar Vestibular Papillomatosis, 0.2% presented with Juvenile Xanthogranuloma, 0.2% presented with lymphangioma Circumscriptum, and 0.2% presented with median raphe cyst. In addition, gender differences were noticed among Genital Warts, Mollascum Contageosum, Pearly Penile Papules, and Vulvar Vestibular Papillomatosis. CONCLUSION: Anogenital papules in children have variable clinical presentations and can be caused by multiple number of infectious and non-infectious factors. The presence of such lesions can be a source of a major concern for parents, and might be mistakenly assumed as a result of sexual assaults. Proper recognition of these papules is of paramount importance for all physicians involved in children examination, to appropriately reassure parents and avoid unnecessary investigations and psychological distress.
