[Carrier of numerical chromosome abnormalities in infertile married couples]. / Nosicielstwo anomalii liczbowych chromosomowych wsród malzenstw z niepowodzeniami prokreacji.

OBJECTIVES: Genetic anomalies are one of many conditions causing infertility. DESIGN: The aim of the study was to define the frequency of numerical chromosome aberrations in infertile married couples. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Metaphasal chromosomes were analysed by G-T-G stration in 650 patients, i.e. 325 married couples. Chromosomes for testing had been obtained from peripheral blood lymphocytes. RESULTS: Of all women and men, numerical chromosome anomalies were found in 14 married couples (4.1%). The aberrations were connected with female factors in 8 couples (2.3%), and with male factors in 6 (1.8%). CONCLUSIONS: Results of the study indicate that diagnostic procedure for infertility should preferably include cytogenetic examinations as well.

[Computer analysis of a cardiotocogram and parameters of acid-base balance in capillary blood of the infant]. / Komputerowa analiza kardiotokogramu a parametry równowagi kwasowo-zasadowej krwi wlosniczkowej noworodka.

Our objective in this study was to compare the parameters of the acid-base balance in the capillary blood 60 minutes after delivery with the antenatal cardiotocographic computer analysis. Our study included 64 infants delivered vaginally on term. The basic criterion to classify into the examined group and control group was a pH result of the capillary blood equal to 7.30. In the examined group there were 34 cases and 30 in the control group. Retrospective analysis of cardiotocographs was carried out. The determination was made of pH, pCO2, pO2, HCO3, SBE and SAT in the capillary blood. The analysed material showed a very good negative correlation between a pH value in the examined group and a short-term variability (STV) (r = 0.95 at p < 0.001). It was concluded that there is a strong relationship between elements of computer-aided cardiotocographic monitoring and abnormalities in the acid-base balance and condition of the infant.

[Inhibition of premature uterine contractions]. / Hamowanie przedwczesnej czynnosci skurczowej macicy.

Various drugs used to stop premature uterine contractions are discussed in the paper. Particular attention is paid to beta-mimetic drugs. The results of ming Partusisten, one of beta-mimetic drugs, is presented on the material of 104 patients with threatening immature and premature labour. Partusisten was administered in the form of intravenous drip infusion or tablets. During treatment monitoring of the uterine contractility and of foetal heart rate took place. Inhibition of the uterine contraction activity was successful in 100 per cent of cases. In 60,9 per cent in the group of threatening immature labour and in 38,1 per cent in the group threatening premature labour, the delay of delivery was more then 28 days. The delay of delivery by 48 hours was 87 per cent and 84 per cent in both groups respectively. Tachycardia was one of the first side effects observed in 15,2 per cent of cases. There is also presented an example of pregnancy when delivery was delayed by 21 days in spite of premature outflow of amniotic fluid (at a high rupture of membrane). The authors are of the opinion that Partusisten is very effective and gives little side effects, preventing premature uterine contractions. Dosage should be individualized according to the case and labour advancement, and should be based on topographic evaluation of uterine contraction. Negative influence of the drug on foetuses was not observed.

[Prenatal monitoring of fetal heart activity and the course of labor and the state of the newborn infant]. / Przedporodowe monitorowanie czynnosci serca plodu a przebieg porodu i stan noworodka.

In the paper practical importance of cardiotocographic interpretation of records carried out during pregnancy is discussed as well as the importance of antepartum monitoring of foetal heart rate. 1944 records of 663 pregnant women were analysed. Observations of basic frequency of foetal heart rate, oscillation and heart rate response to foetal movements and uterine contractions were made. Taking into consideration these criteria the records were classified as: reactive, nonreactive and combined (reactive and nonreactive) patterns. Among 663 cases there were 544 reactive patterns, 73 combined with predominance of reactive ones, 34 combined with predominance of nonreactive ones and 12 nonreactive patterns. Comparison of separate types of records with Apgar test in the 1 st, 3 rd, and 5 th minute shows that low Apgar score (below 7) is mainly related to the group of nonreactive and combined records with predominance of nonreactive patterns. Apgar score is above 7 in the group of reactive and combined patterns with predominance of reactive pattern. Comparison of the types of records to the kinds of delivery termination shows that in predominately nonreactive pattern there was 50-55% of operational deliveries in predominately reactive pattern groups however 24%. Therefore repeating reactive pattern in antepartum monitoring records is the evidence of good foetal state and this state most probably will not be disturbed during labour. Repeating nonreactive pattern with decreasing oscillation is the evidence of increased foetal distress.

Characteristics of a photoacoustic air pollution detector at CO(2) laser frequencies.

The characteristics of a photoacoustic detection system for measurement of ambient trace atmospheric pollutants at CO(2) laser frequencies are analyzed and described. Several photoacoustic variables are optimized in this study. An alternate-traverse acoustic cell to eliminate cell window signals is described. An ac biased 16-cm(2) microphone is used. The observed modulation frequency dependence of the acoustic signal and a theoretical analysis are also presented. Trace gas interferents limit the practical sensitivity of the system, however, even with interferents present, a minimum measurable pressure change of 2.43 x 10(-9) atm, and apparent absorptivity of 8.42 x 10(-9)/cm was obtained. Techniques to minimize effects of interferents are reported along with the methodology of the photoacoustic technique in trace gas measurements.