RESUMO
Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder due to the inflammatory response to gluten in genetically predisposed individuals. It causes an enteropathy associated with several nutritional complications. Strict compliance to a gluten-free diet (GFD) is the current primary therapy. Nonceliac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) is a condition in which gluten ingestion leads to systemic symptoms but is not associated with small bowel atrophy or abnormal celiac serologies. A GFD heals celiac disease enteropathy and improves symptoms in NCGS. However, a long-term GFD can be associated with nutritional deficiencies and requires monitoring and guidance.
Assuntos
Doença Celíaca/terapia , Dieta Livre de Glúten , Glutens/imunologia , Micronutrientes/metabolismo , Cálcio/metabolismo , Doença Celíaca/complicações , Doença Celíaca/fisiopatologia , Dieta Livre de Glúten/efeitos adversos , Descoberta de Drogas , Ácido Fólico/metabolismo , Hipersensibilidade Alimentar/imunologia , Humanos , Imunoterapia , Absorção Intestinal , Ferro/metabolismo , Síndromes de Malabsorção/etiologia , Síndromes de Malabsorção/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
Parenteral nutrition (PN) is a life-sustaining therapy in patients with intestinal failure who are unable to tolerate enteral feedings. Patient selection should be based on a thorough assessment to identify those at high nutrition risk based on both disease severity and nutritional status. This article reviews both the acute and chronic indications for PN as well as special formulation consideration in specific disease states, vascular access, and complications of both short-term and long-term PN.
