End-to-end stapled technique for Kono-S anastomosis.

PURPOSE: Our aim was to develop a Kono-S anastomotic technique using surgical staplers. METHODS: Two patients underwent stapled Kono-S anastomosis, one via abdominal and one transanal approach. RESULTS: The approach for an abdominal and transanal stapled Kono-S anastomosis is detailed. CONCLUSION: The Kono-S anastomosis can be safely configured using common surgical staplers.

Giant viscosity enhancement in a spin-polarized fermi liquid.

The viscosity is measured for a Fermi liquid, a dilute 3He-4He mixture, under extremely high magnetic field/temperature conditions (Bor=1.5 mK). The spin-splitting energy microB is substantially greater than the Fermi energy kBTF; as a consequence the polarization tends to unity and s-wave quasiparticle scattering is suppressed for T<

Quantization of the diagonal resistance: density gradients and the empirical resistance rule in a 2D system.

We have observed quantization of the diagonal resistance, R(xx), at the edges of several quantum Hall states. Each quantized R(xx) value is close to the difference between the two adjacent Hall plateaus in the off-diagonal resistance, R(xy). Peaks in R(xx) occur at different positions in positive and negative magnetic fields. Practically all R(xx) features can be explained quantitatively by a 1%/cm electron density gradient. Therefore, R(xx) is determined by R(xy) and unrelated to the diagonal resistivity rho(xx). Our findings throw an unexpected light on the empirical resistivity rule for 2D systems.

Tilt-induced localization and delocalization in the second Landau level.

We have investigated the behavior of electronic phases of the second Landau level under tilted magnetic fields. The fractional quantum Hall liquids at nu=2+1/5 and 2+4/5 and the solid phases at nu=2.30, 2.44, 2.57, and 2.70 are quickly destroyed with tilt. This behavior can be interpreted as a tilt driven localization of the 2+1/5 and 2+4/5 fractional quantum Hall liquids and a delocalization through the melting of solid phases in the top Landau level, respectively. The evolution towards the classical Hall gas of the solid phases is suggestive of antiferromagnetic ordering.

Electron correlation in the second Landau level: a competition between many nearly degenerate quantum phases.

At a very low-temperature of 9 mK, electrons in the second Landau level of an extremely high-mobility two-dimensional electron system exhibit a very complex electronic behavior. With a varying filling factor, quantum liquids of different origins compete with several insulating phases leading to an irregular pattern in the transport parameters. We observe a fully developed nu=2+2/5 state separated from the even-denominator nu=2+1/2 state by an insulating phase and a nu=2+2/7 and nu=2+1/5 state surrounded by such phases. A developing plateau at nu=2+3/8 points to the existence of other even-denominator states.

New evidence for zero-temperature relaxation in a spin-polarized fermi liquid.

Spin-echo experiments are reported for 3He-4He solutions under extremely high B/T conditions, B=14.75 T and T>or=1.73 mK. The 3He concentration x(3) was adjusted close to the value x(c) approximately 3.8% at which the spin-rotation parameter muM0 vanishes. In this way the transverse and longitudinal spin-diffusion coefficients D( perpendicular ),D( parallel ) were measured while keeping |muM(0)|<1. It is found that the temperature dependence of D( perpendicular ) deviates strongly from 1/T(2), with anisotropy temperature T(a)=4.26(+0.18)(-0.44) mK. This value is close to the theoretical prediction for dilute solutions and suggests that spin current relaxation remains finite as the temperature tends to zero.

Novel magnetism in 3He nanoclusters.

The magnetic susceptibility of 3He nanoclusters embedded in a 4He matrix has been measured from 0.5 to 10 mK at pressures from 2.88 to 3.54 MPa. Even the lowest pressure clusters have a solid fraction in the region of the phase diagram where bulk solid is unstable. At 3.54 MPa, straight theta = -250 microK, equal to that of bulk 3He for v = 21.3 cm3/mole. For 2.88 MPa, straight theta = 140 microK, indicating a ferromagnetic tendency, similar to 2D films at some coverages. At intermediate pressures, chi has a peak near 1.05 mK, but with no discontinuity. Magnetic ordering in nanoclusters appears to be different than the U2D2 phase of bulk 3He.

Parasitic infections in Asian refugees in Fort Worth.

This report describes parasitic infections recorded from April 1984 to December 1987 in refugees using services of the Fort Worth-Tarrant County Public Health Department. Infections with 1,601 parasitic infections were documented in 824 laboratory specimens obtained from refugees. Ascariasis and giardiasis were more prevalent than other parasitic infections. The highest attack rates occurred in refugees from Cambodia (70.0%), Laos (69.7%), and Vietnam (54.3%). Information from this study supports published data on high attack rates and endemicity of infections in refugees from Southeast Asia. Continued surveillance and treatment of these refugees should improve their health conditions and prevent the development of endemic foci in the United States.

Non-01 Vibrio cholerae bacteremia--complication of a LeVeen shunt.

Vibrio cholerae bacteremia occurred in a patient with cirrhosis after placement of a LeVeen shunt. At the time of bacteremia, cultures of peritoneal fluid were negative and fluid dynamics did not suggest spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Despite apparent successful treatment of the bacteremia, relapse and death occurred with culture positivity of peritoneal fluid for V. cholerae. Simultaneously, blood cultures were positive for Klebsiella pneumoniae. Agglutination studies demonstrated the V. cholerae to be a non-01 strain. Insertion of a LeVeen shunt, which bypasses the hepatic clearance mechanisms, appeared to have allowed bacteremia to occur with this bacterium that is rarely isolated from blood. In patients with LeVeen shunts, bacteremia with noninvasive pathogens may occur, and in coastal areas, Vibrios should be considered when bacteremia occurs.

Sterilization of complete dentures with sodium hypochlorite.

It is important to give the patient a denture that is clean and free from cross-contamination. This study was made to determine if Clorox could be used as a rapid, safe, and clinically effective way to sterilize complete dentures. The data obtained from this study indicate that a 5-minute immersion of dentures in undiluted Clorox accomplished sterilization against a variety of microorganisms, including a spore-forming bacteria and C. albicans.

Isolation of oxidase-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa from urine culture.

An isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa lacking characteristic indophenol oxidase was recovered from a catheterized urine specimen.