RESUMO
The nurse's image as a self-sacrificing, dependent handmaiden seems one that is proving hard to shake off. This article describes a study aimed to determine the most effective training programme for improving the assertive behaviour of female registered nurses.
Assuntos
Assertividade , Educação Continuada em Enfermagem/métodos , Capacitação em Serviço/métodos , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem Hospitalar/educação , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem Hospitalar/psicologia , Mulheres Trabalhadoras/educação , Mulheres Trabalhadoras/psicologia , Adulto , Análise de Variância , Feminino , Humanos , Modelos Educacionais , Modelos Psicológicos , Pesquisa em Educação em EnfermagemRESUMO
Outpatient chemotherapy treatment shifts the managing of side effects from health care providers to patients and families. The primary purpose of this quasi-experimental study was to determine whether women who receive an intervention of three telephone calls and oral and written self-care measures for specific side effects will use more self-care measures and have higher effectiveness scores as measured by the Exercise of Self-Care Questionnaire (ESCQ) after treatment 4 than women who receive standard care. A second purpose was to determine if women scoring higher on the Exercise of Self-Care Agency (ESCA) Scale before chemotherapy used more and effective self-care measures during chemotherapy than women scoring lower on this scale. Forty-eight women beginning chemotherapy for breast cancer completed the ESCA pretreatment and were interviewed using the ESCQ during a sequence of therapy. The experimental group (n = 26) received additional self-care measures. Subjects with higher ESCA scores before chemotherapy treatment used more self-care measures to alleviate chemotherapy side effects. A telephone call and written self-care measures after the second, third, and fourth chemotherapy treatments did not increase use or effectiveness of self-care measures. The implications of assessing patients' self-care agency before chemotherapy are discussed and a nursing intervention recommended.
Assuntos
Assistência Ambulatorial , Antineoplásicos/efeitos adversos , Neoplasias da Mama/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias da Mama/enfermagem , Enfermagem Oncológica , Autocuidado , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: This annual report presents national estimates, based on data from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), on the incidence of acute conditions, percent of medically attended acute conditions, number of disability days, episodes of persons injured and associated activity restriction, persons with activity limitation due to chronic conditions, restricted activity days associated with acute and chronic conditions, physician contacts and short-stay hospitalizations, as well as prevalence of chronic conditions and respondent assessed health status. This edition includes a section on trends in health statistics for 1982-96. SOURCE OF DATA: NHIS is a multistage probability sample survey conducted annually by interviewers of the Bureau of the Census for the National Center for Health Statistics. Data is collected during in-home interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized U.S. population. Data collection procedures were similar from 1982 through 1996, but were changed after 1996. HIGHLIGHTS: In 1996 there were 163.5 acute conditions per 100 persons, (67.9% were medically attended) and 624.0 associated days of restricted activity per 100 persons. Of acute injuries, 91.4% were medically attended. The highest rates for chronic conditions per 1000 persons included arthritis (127.3), sinusitis (125.5), deformity and orthopedic impairment (111.6), and high blood pressure (107.1). Activity limitation due to chronic conditions was reported by 14.4% of persons. There were six physician contacts per person per year and 7.3% of the population had a hospitalization in the past year. During 1982-96, the prevalence of asthma increased and the rate and duration of hospitalizations decreased.
Assuntos
Doença Aguda/epidemiologia , Doença Crônica/epidemiologia , Efeitos Psicossociais da Doença , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Estatísticas Vitais , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Indicadores Básicos de Saúde , Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Tempo de Internação/estatística & dados numéricos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Estados Unidos/epidemiologiaAssuntos
Doença Aguda/epidemiologia , Ferimentos e Lesões/epidemiologia , Absenteísmo , Atividades Cotidianas , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Doença Crônica/epidemiologia , Convalescença , Nível de Saúde , Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Incidência , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Visita a Consultório Médico/estatística & dados numéricos , Vigilância da População , Prevalência , Estados Unidos/epidemiologiaAssuntos
Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Doença Aguda/epidemiologia , Doença Crônica/epidemiologia , Demografia , Pesquisas sobre Atenção à Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Serviços de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Estados Unidos/epidemiologia , Ferimentos e Lesões/epidemiologiaRESUMO
This report presents national estimates of the prevalence of selected health risk behaviors among youth ages 12-21 years, by sex, Hispanic origin, and race for youth of non-Hispanic origin. Topics include: cigarette and other tobacco use, alcohol and other drug use, sexual experience, HIV/AIDS education, runaway and homeless experiences, violence, unintentional injury control, weight control, and participation in physical activities. Data are from the 1992 National Health Interview Survey's Youth Risk Behavior Survey.
