RESUMO
The purposes of this study were to document the dimensions and configuration of the intercondylar notch in the normal knee; to compare normal knee intercondylar notches to those of knees with unilateral and bilateral ACL tears to determine if there is a relationship between intercondylar notch stenosis and ACL tears; and to determine if generalized ligamentous laxity is associated with intercondylar notch stenosis and ACL tears. Three groups were compared: Group I, bilateral ACL tears; Group II, unilateral tears; and Group III, normal knees. Notch dimensions were computer-generated from CT scans. All patients were examined for ligamentous laxity. Statistically significant differences were found between normal and ACL-injured knees in regard to opening notch angle, ratio of notch width at two-thirds of the notch length to condylar width, and ratio of maximum notch width to condylar width, suggesting a significant association between anterior outlet stenosis and unilateral and bilateral ACL tears. The shapes of the notches were determined from tracings of the distal CT scan. Shapes ranged from inverted U to cresting wave. Narrow notches tended to be waveshaped, but more study is needed in this area. Notch-plasty is recommended for those with documented stenosis. The ratio of maximum notch width at two-thirds of the notch height to maximum condyle width should not be much less than 0.2, and the opening notch angle should be at least 50 degrees.
Assuntos
Joelho/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Instabilidade Articular/etiologia , Joelho/anatomia & histologia , Traumatismos do Joelho/complicações , Traumatismos do Joelho/diagnóstico por imagem , Ligamentos Articulares/diagnóstico por imagem , Ligamentos Articulares/lesões , Masculino , Interpretação de Imagem Radiográfica Assistida por Computador , Valores de Referência , RupturaAssuntos
Actinomicose Cervicofacial/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças Mandibulares/diagnóstico por imagem , Tuberculose Osteoarticular/diagnóstico por imagem , Adolescente , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Masculino , Mandíbula/diagnóstico por imagem , Mandíbula/microbiologia , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolamento & purificação , RadiografiaRESUMO
Long-term cardiac pacing with permanent transvenous electrodes has achieved wide acceptance with only occasional reports of venous obstruction and edema. To determine the incidence of venous abnormalities associated with transvenous electrodes, 34 venograms were obtained in 32 patients paced 18 months or longer. Eleven venograms demonstrated severe obstruction with collateral circulation communicating with the opposite cervical and innominate venous channels; 7 of these showed total occlusion. Seven venograms revealed no obstruction. The remaining 16 venograms showed venous stenosis without collaterals. It is concluded that venous abnormalities associated with permanent transvenous pacing occur commonly but are not usually associated with arm or facial edema.
Assuntos
Cateterismo Cardíaco/efeitos adversos , Marca-Passo Artificial/efeitos adversos , Tromboflebite/epidemiologia , Braço/irrigação sanguínea , Veias Braquiocefálicas/diagnóstico por imagem , Edema/epidemiologia , Edema/etiologia , Face/irrigação sanguínea , Heparina/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Veias Jugulares/diagnóstico por imagem , Radiografia , Veia Subclávia/diagnóstico por imagem , Tromboflebite/diagnóstico por imagem , Tromboflebite/etiologiaRESUMO
Nine cases of rhinocerebral mucormycosis are reviewed. Eight patients had diabetes and 7 had symptoms related to the orbit. Roentgen analysis of focal bone destruction and uniform mucosal thickening will frequently suggest the diagnosis. Mucormycosis should be suspected in the diabetic patient with destruction of the walls of the bony sinuses, especially when multiple sinus involvement suggests an etiology other than neoplasm.
