RESUMO
Background and objectives: This study examines aortomesenteric angle (AMA) and distance (AMD), which are critical in superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome. Addressing the scarcity of SMA cases, the research explores potential links with lower BMI and aims to establish normative data for diagnostic and predictive purposes, using contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scans across various BMI and sex categories. Methodology: A retrospective quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted on 189 patients undergoing abdominal contrast-enhanced CT scans between December 2019 and December 2020. Ethical clearance was obtained, and participants provided informed consent. Exclusion criteria targeted specific medical histories. Patient demographics, BMI categories, and imaging data were recorded. Helical 128-slice CT scans were employed, with sagittal-oblique multiplanar reconstructions for parameter assessments. Statistical analysis utilized SPSS 26.0, including Pearson correlation coefficients and mean calculations. Results: The study reveals a mean AMA of 54.07°±8.53° and a mean distance of 16.25±3.44 mm. Elevated BMI is found to positively correlate with AMA and distance, indicating that higher BMI values may augment these parameters, with an additional positive correlation observed between AMA and distance. No significant correlations are found with patient age or sex. Conclusion: The study concludes that decreased BMI may pose a potential risk for SMA syndrome, as evidenced by the observed correlations with aortomesenteric parameters. Understanding these normal values in the Nepalese population is critical for accurate diagnoses and predictions using CT scans. The research highlights the impact of demographic factors on these parameters and emphasizes their significance in clinical assessments related to SMA syndrome.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Mammography, ultrasound and Magnetic Resonance Imaging are the available modalities for the evaluation of breast masses. Advances and ongoing improvements in imaging technologies have improved the sensitivity of breast cancer detection and diagnosis, but each modality is most beneficial when utilized according to individual traits such as age, risk factors, and breast density. However, pathological diagnosis is most crucial for the treatment of breast masses. METHODS: A cross-sectional study were conducted from January 2017 to April 2018. There were total of 50 patients with clinically diagnosed palpable breast lumps who attended Gynaecological OPD/surgical OPD/medicine OPD in the study period. The patients above 30 years were evaluated by mammography and ultrasound in Department of Radiology, National Academy of Medical Sciences, Bir Hospital. The patients were then send for FNAC/biopsy and histopathology examination. Data were collected and analyzed using SPSS version 16. Specificity and sensitivity of MG and USG individually and in combination to determine the nature of breast lump in relation to histopathological findings were calculated. RESULTS: Ultrasound had 88.90% sensitivity and 68.80% specificity whereas mammogram had 94.40% and 87.50% sensitivity and specificity respectively. When combined, both sensitivity of diagnosing malignant lesions increases up to 94.4% and specificity decreases up to 31.2%. Most of the variables of ultrasound and mammography (except density of the lesion) had significance in predicting nature of the lesion (p< 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Combined Mammography and Ultrasound had higher sensitivity than sensitivity rate observed for either single modality. A combined Mammography and Ultrasound approach to detect breast diseases was significantly more helpful in accurate evaluation of breast pathologies.
