[Prevalence of rhino-pharyngeal disease in the presence of malocclusion in school children in the village of Abidjan]. / Prévalence des affections rhino-pharyngées en présence d'anomalie orthodontique chez les enfants scolarisés de la ville d'Abidjan.

An epidemiological survey of randomly selected school children led to Abidjan in three public schools made it possible to determine the prevalence of the rhinopharyngeal diseases in presence of malocclusions. It is an exploratory study jointly undertaken by two teams of specialists in ORL and Orthodontics within a sample of African schoolchildren old of 5 to 21 years. The results showed the presence of malocclusions in 73.30% of the cases (N = 220). The rhinopharyngeal diseases account for 38.3% (N = 115). At the subjects carrying a malocclusion the rhinopharyngeal diseases are 48.30% and they are dominated by the allergic chronic rhinitis (40%) followed obstructive hypertrophic tonsillitis (16.5%). However, these states which cause certainly a nasal obstruction involving an oral breathing do not cause inevitably malocclusion. We cannot thus affirm unambiguous a bond between malocclusions and rhinopharyngeal diseases (p > 0.05). They are nevertheless as many indications to question the patient on other symptoms and to refer to an ORL specialist. Our investigation being limited to the occlusal study, it seems essential to us to continue these analyses to detect the possible predisposition of certain patients to develop dento-skeletal anomalies in the presence of rhinopharyngic diseases.

[Necrotizing external otitis in children in Abidjan (Ivory Coast)]. / L'otite nécrosante chez l'enfant à Abidjan (Côte d'Ivoire).

Necrotizing external otitis (NEO) is a fulminant Pseudomonas infection of the external auditory canal affecting mainly elderly diabetic patients. Since the early descriptions, many authors have related cases of NEO in non diabetic patients. We report eight cases of NEO in young children. They are less than two years old, they are undernourished and non diabetics. We get a good evolution in spite of our modest therapeutic ways. Emphasis is placed on efficiency of local remedy with colistine.

[Laryngeal and tracheal complications of prolonged intubation]. / Les complications laryngées et trachéales de l'intubation prolongée.

Based on a retrospective study of 595 patients having undergone prolonged intubation, the authors present the main complications encountered and, in particular, the mucous ulceration which appears to be systematic and is itself at the origin of secondary stenosizing or granulomatous sequelae. Research is still needed concerning the follow-up of the intubated patients in order to limit the pressures exerted between the cordal mucosa or the tracheal mucosa in contact with the endotracheal tube. A systematic check upon removal of the tube decreases the secondary sequelae by starting adapted antacid, anti-inflammatory and antibiotic treatments, as well as certain acts of laryngeal microsurgery and, in some cases, laryngeal rehabilitation for both the voice and deglutition.