[Potentialities of medicinal correction of cerebrovascular disturbances in patients with arterial hypertension].

The use of up-to-date diagnostic methods for the examination of 72 patients presenting with grade II-III arterial hypertension and high risk of cardiovascular complications made it possible to estimate the state of brachiocephalic arteries before and after combined antihypertensive therapy that continued during 14 days. The following variables were measured: blood flow rate, peripheral vascular resistance indices at the extra- and intracranial levels, metabolic indices of cerebrovascular responsiveness, and coefficient of variability as an indicator of the cerebrovascular reserve capacity under conditions of antihypertensive treatment. Three antihypertensive therapeutic regimens were employed, viz. lisinopril plus indapamide, bisoprolol plus indapamide, and amlodipine plus indapamide. It was shown that all the three regimen resulted in positive changes in the parameters of blood flow and peripheral vascular resistance. At the same time, the use of amlodipine plus indapamide ensured a more gradual reduction of peripheral vascular resistance and the most pronounced increase of cerebrovascular reserve capacity compared with the two remaining regimens. It is concluded that the parameters of peripheral vascular resistance and metabolic indices of cerebrovascular responsiveness are the most sensitive and informative end points for the pharmacotherapeutic treatment of cerebral hemodynamics in the patients presenting with grade II-III arterial hypertension and high risk of development of cardiovascular complications.

[Q-T interval dispersion in patients with coronary heart disease in various terms after angioplastic revascularization].

According to epidemiological researches data, in 75-80% of coronary heart disease (CHD) cases, the cause of sudden death is ventricular rhythm disturbances. Degree of coronary arteries lesion plays an important role in development of these disturbances. Study of Q-T interval dispersion is one of prospective methods of noninvasive assessment of risk of occurrence of dangerous for life ventricular arrhythmias. The authors studied indices of Q-T interval end its parts dispersion in patients with coronary atherosclerosis, and also estimated influence of angioplastic myocardial revasculization on electrical instability markers during 6 months after intracoronary intervention. It was proved that coronary atherosclerosis in patients with CHD contributes to increase of degree of myocardial depolarization and repolarization nonhomogeneity. Value of Q-T interval and its parts dispersion does not depend on number of affected coronary arteries. Revascularization of myocardium contributes to reliable decrease of Q-T interval and its parts dispersion. More marked its decrease is registered in 6 months after transcutaneous intracoronary intervention. Development of restenosis is accompanied by increase of indices of Q-T interval and its parts dispersion.

[The genetic markers and morphology of erythrocytes in the clinical manifestation of chronic obstructive bronchitis].

The aim of the study was to investigate genetic characteristics of patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis (COB) using classic biochemical markers, their contribution to the development and course of the disease, and morphological peculiarities of erythrocytes in these patients. The subjects were 60 COB patients and 50 practically healthy people; their serum samples were studied. The following classic biochemical markers were investigated: haptoglobin; transferrin; C3 compliment component; group-specific component; ABO blood systems and Rh-factor. Erythrocytometry of blood smears was performed upon admission and before discharge. The study evaluated the contribution of heredity to the forming of COB and established specific genetic markers of predisposition to the development of COB and certain features of its clinical course; the condition of peripheral blood erythrocytes in COB patients was studied.

[Morphofunctional changes in animal skin during combined administration of zinc sulfate and vitamin A]. / Morfofunktsional'nye izmeneniia kozhi zhivotnykh pri sochetannom vvedenii sul'fata tsinka i vitamina A.

Morphological and histochemical skin properties were studied in male rats in single and successive peroral injections of Zinc sulphate and vitamin A. Long term (25 d) peroral administration of vitamin A 2 mg/100 g in dose was shown to cause hypozincaemia. Zinc sulphate and vitamin A are capable of influencing proliferation and protein metabolism of epidermal cells and number of lymphocytes and mast cells in dermis. With the aim of the drugs named thickness of epidermis, ratio of its layers thickness as well as the rate of protein synthesis in germinal layer of epidermis can be changed purposefully. These parameters depend both on the drug injection technique (single, separated or successive injections) and time periods. Perspective of obtaining a complexed biocoordinative compound on the base of vitamin A and microtrace element of Zinc is discussed.

[Role of trace elements in disorders and correction of metal ligand homeostasis]. / Rol' mikroélementov v narushenii i korrektsii metalloligandnogo gomeostaza.

Histological, biochemical, and biophysical techniques were used to examine the properties of a biocomplex compound prepared by using the well-known drug metronidazole, which affects gram-negative microbes, with the trace element zinc. The biocomplex was demonstrated to considerably enhance the efficiency of the parent ligand and to expand its action range. The new compound affected the body's immunity, promotes the recovery of its trace element balance and the development of compensatory and adaptative responses in the liver, kidney, spleen, and pancreas. The biocomplex-induced activation of regenerative processes occurred by changing the balance of 28 trace elements in the body. Changes in the skin and blood were analyzed after administration of zinc sulfate in combination with vitamin A (retinol palmitate). An assessment was made of morphological and histochemical changes in the malpighian epithelial cells while using these drugs alone and in combination.

[The HLA-associated immunological mechanisms in rheumatic involvement of the myocardium]. / HLA-assotsiirovannye immunologicheskie mekhanizmy pri revmaticheskom porazhenii miokarda.

The examination of 95 Uzbeks with rheumatic myocardium and 60 healthy subjects of the same nationality has found accumulation in the patients' phenotypes of antigens HLA-B17, HLA-B21 and HLA-Cw4. A high PHA-induced response of T-lymphocytes occurred in HLA-Cw4- and especially in HLA-B21-positive patients. The findings suggest participation of HLA-associated genes in the mechanisms of rheumatic process. These are thought responsible for rheumatism-specific cell immune reactions.

[Significance of HLA genetic factors in the origin of immunologic insufficiency in chronic bronchitis]. / Znachenie HLA-geneticheskikh faktorov v vozniknovenii immunologicheskoi nedostatochnosti pri khronicheskom bronkhite.

As many as 131 healthy persons (donors) and 83 patients suffering from chronic bronchitis, belonging to the Uzbek nationality were examined. It has been established that there are HLA genetic markers of predisposition and resistance to the development of chronic bronchopulmonary pathology in the population under study. The HLA phenotypic features of patients suffering from chronic bronchitis were reflected in the clinical manifestation of the broncho-obstructive syndrome and at the age of the disease debut. One of the mechanisms of the induction of the bronchopulmonary process in the Uzbek population was revealed by means of simulating the functioning of certain subpopulations of immunocompetent cells.

[Reaction of human skeletal muscle fiber to a one-time physical load]. / Reaktsiia skeletnogo myshechnogo volokna cheloveka na odnokratnuiu fizicheskuiu nagruzku.

NADH-tetrazolium reductase and succinate dehydrogenase activity, glycogen concentration and ultrastructure of muscular fiber of a human being was studied before and after single physical load to refusal. The revealed individual peculiarities of fiber reaction in different people allow to divide all tested people into two subgroups according to the change of succinate dehydrogenase activity.

[Possible role of the thymus in the mechanism of the adjuvant effect of retinoic acid]. / Vozmozhnaia rol' timusa v mekhanizme ad''iuvantnogo deistviia retinoevoi kisloty.

Administration of retinoic acid and of its esters into experimental animals stimulated proliferation of thymus lymphocytes, decreased the tetraploid lymphocytes and increased the amount of diploid cells. The thymus mass tended to decrease as a result of contraction in the area of the gland cortical layer. Alterations in blood, which occurred in presence of retinoic acid, may be responsible for the effect observed.

[Effect of retinoic acid on the aggregation of erythrocytes and leukocytes in the blood]. / Vliianie retinoevoi kisloty na agregatsiiu éritrotsitov i leikotsitov v krovi.

Human and animal blood smear staining with PAPh has revealed mononuclear leukocyte-erythrocyte aggregates. Administration of retinoic acid increased concentration and dimensions of these aggregates and was followed by preferential accumulation of PAPh-negative osmotically unstable erythrocytes. Similar changes were detected in the blood samples of women engaged in the production of retinoic acid. Aggregate concentration showed positive correlation with erythrocyte sedimentation rate and no correlation with prothrombin time.

[Erythrocyte-damaging and immunomodulating effect of retinoids]. / Eritrotsitpovrezhdaiushchee i immunomoduliruiushchee deistvie retinoidov.

The influence of retinyl acetate, retinoic acid and its esterified cis- and trans-derivatives, retinoids C15 and C20 on erythrocytes, liver macrophages and white pulp of the spleen was studied in the experiments on mice of different strains. It was found that administration of these compounds leads to the damage of the blood cells, increase in the number of liver macrophages and the share of white pulp in the spleen and stimulation of the local response to tuberculin. The interdependence of changes in the blood and adjuvant is suggested.

[Effect of retinoids on rat spleen]. / Deistvie retinoidov na selezenku krys.

It has been shown in experiments on Wistar male rats with the use of light and electron microscopy and morphometry that a single intraperitoneal injection of high doses of all-trans-methylretinoate and methyl-7,8- dihydroretinoate leads to an increase in the spleen weight, the appearance in the spleen of red cells changed in the shape, activation of phagocytic intensity of macrophages, intercellular interaction, lymphocyte proliferation and formation of new lymph follicles.

[Effect of retinoids on the development and growth of experimental tumors]. / Vliianie retinoidov na razvitie i rost éksperimental'nykh opukhlei.

The ability of six retinoids to inhibit cancer growth was tested on mice with Lewis lung carcinoma, PRG and RSM-5 tumors. It was shown that all tumors possess individual sensitivities to retinoids. The most effective substances were: methyl retinoate (all-trans and 13-cis isomers) and a retinoid with a small side chain and an oxidated beta-iononic ring (substance 3). Each of those three retinoids was tested for an ability to prevent methylcholanthrene-induced carcinogenesis in the skin. All-trans methylretinoate had the most pronounced effect; however, it was the most toxic, too.