[Parameters of ocular hydrodynamics in case of major neck blood vessels compression by thyroid nodules]. / Pokazateli gidrodinamiki glaza pri kompressii magistral'nykh sosudov shei uzlovymi obrazovaniyami shchitovidnoi zhelezy.

AIM: to study aqueous humor secretion and outflow in patients, whose major blood vessels of the neck got compressed by thyroid nodules. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ocular hydrodynamics was assessed in 60 patients (119 eyes) with uni- or bilateral benign thyroid nodules compressing the major neck blood vessels. RESULTS: Most patients demonstrated a significant decrease in parameters of aqueous humor secretion and outflow. After decompression, ocular hydrodynamics usually improved reaching its normal level. CONCLUSION: Compression of the major neck blood vessels by thyroid nodules impedes drainage of the aqueous humor and serves as a risk factor of secondary phlebohypertensive glaucoma.

[Cerebrovascular resistance in patients with severe combined traumatic brain injury].

UNLABELLED: Cerebrovascular resistance is an important parameter of the microcirculation. The main objective of cerebrovascular resistance is to maintain the constancy of cerebral blood flow and protect downstream vessels when changing perfusion pressure. The purpose of the study was to assess cerebrovascular resistance (CVR) in patients with severe combined traumatic brain injury (CTBI) with and without intracranial hematomas (IHs). MATERIAL AND METHODS: We analyzed treatment outcomes in 70 patients with severe CTBI (42 males and 28 females). The mean age was 35.5 ± 14.8 years (min 15 years; max 73 years). All patients were divided into 2 groups, depending on the presence of intracranial hemorrhage. The first group included 34 patients without IH, and the second group included 36 patients with epidural (6), subdural (26), and multiple (4) hematomas. The GCS score was 10.4 ± 2.6 in the first group and 10.6 ± 2.8 in the second group. The ISS severity injury score was 32 ± 8 in the first group and 31 ± 11 in the second group. All patients were operated on within the first 3 days, with 30 (83.3%) patients being operated on during the first day. Perfusion computed tomography (PCT) of the brain was performed within 1-14 days after TBI in the first group and within 2-8 days after surgical evacuation of hematoma in the second group. After PCT, the mean arterial pressure was measured, and the blood flow rate in the middle cerebral artery was determined using transcranial dopplerography. Cerebrovascular resistance was calculated using the formula modificated by P. Scheinberg. Comparisons between the groups were performed using the Student t-test and χ² criterion. RESULTS: The mean CVR values in each group (both with and without hematomas) were statistically significantly higher than the mean normal value of this parameter. Intergroup comparison of CVR values demonstrated a statistically significant increase in the CVR level in group 2 on the side of removed hematoma compared to group 1 (p=0.037). CVR in the perifocal zone of removed hematoma remained significantly higher compared to the symmetrical zone of the contralateral hemisphere (p=0.0009). CONCLUSION: Cerebrovascular resistance in patients with combined traumatic brain injury is significantly increased compared to the normal value. Cerebrovascular resistance in the perifocal zone after evacuation of hematoma in patients with multiple injury remains significantly increased compared to the symmetrical zone in the contralateral hemisphere.

[Comparative study of morphological corneal changes after cataract phacoemulsification using confocal microscopy and optical coherence tomography].

20 corneas of patients after ultrasound cataract phacoemulsification were studied using contact polarization optical coherence tomography (OCT) and confocal microscopy (CM). It was concluded that results obtained using OCT and CM fairly present morphologic corneal changes after ultrasound cataract phacoemulsification. Thermal damage as a result of ultrasound exposure demonstrated as a corneal tissue shrinkage is better revealed using polarization OCT.