Which agent should be used to reduce ischemia-reperfusion injury after testicular torsion: a comparative animal experiment.

INTRODUCTION: Testicular torsion is an acute urological emergency that causes severe damage of testis. In order to prevent testicular damage, early diagnosis and surgical intervention is essential. Also pain management in both pre-operative and postoperative periods remains a challenging entity. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we aimed to determine the possible positive effects of three different analgesics (ibuprofen, metamizole, and paracetamol), which are widely used in clinical practice on testicular tissue, in addition to pain control. STUDY DESIGN: Forty prepubertal rats (180-210 g) were divided into five experimental groups. Group 1 was sham group in which the left testis was brought out through a scrotal incision and then replaced in the scrotum without torsion. Group 2 was control group (only 0.9% NaCl was applied). Also in group 3, paracetamol, in group 4, ibuprofen, and in group 5, metamizole sodium was applied 1 h after the torsion. Torsion duration was planned as 4 h for all groups. RESULTS: In the biochemical evaluation, malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and total nitrate (NO) levels were measured in the testicular tissue. All groups were compared with group 2 (control group). In group 3, although the MDA level was lower and the MPO level was found to be higher, these were not statistically significant. In group 4, the NO level was low but statistically significant. Histological findings were evaluated due to Cosentino's classification, and the scores of group 4 were better than all groups. DISCUSSION: In this study, severe damage was observed at the end of torsion period of 4 h. This is in line with previous published data. The beneficial effects of all three drugs have been observed. CONCLUSIONS: Biochemical results did not clearly highlight any agents. According to pathology results, metamizole was better than paracetamol and the most ideal analgesic preparation was observed as ibuprofen.

Corpus cavernosum electromyography: could it be a parameter to predict ageing?

UNLABELLED: In this study, we investigated whether electromyography of corpus cavernosum (CC-EMG) results vary with age and whether CC-EMG could be a parameter to predict ageing of cavernous smooth muscle. Recordings of electrical activity of corpus cavernosum (EACC) were retrospectively investigated in 134 patients with erectile dysfunction. Penile colour Doppler ultrasonography and cavernosometry were also performed for all of the patients. The total number and duration of EACC and amplitudes between positive and negative peaks were compared between the flask state for 10 min and after intracavernosal papaverine injection. The mean age of the 47 patients in group 1 was 35.2 ± 6.3 years (range, 23-44), the mean age of the 45 patients in group 2 was 51.1 ± 3.1 years (range, 45-56) and the mean age of the 42 patients in group 3 was 61.8 ± 4.6 years (range, 57-77). Total IIEF-5 score was 7.6 ± 2.1 in group 1, 7.9 ± 2.4 in group 2 and 7.9 ± 2.1 in group 3. There were no statistically significant differences among the groups regarding electrical potential frequencies, durations and amplitudes of electromyographic recordings. CONCLUSION: We do not think that CC-EMG findings could be used efficiently as a predictor of ageing.

A rare cause of cystic testicular mass in an infant--cystic dysplasia of the testis.

In this article, a 6-month-old infant with cystic dysplasia of the testis (CDT) is presented. Although different genitourinary abnormalities associated with CDT have been reported, this is the first case of the association of CDT with penoscrotal hypospadias, unilateral undescended testicle, bilateral scrotal hernia, small and hypocompliant bladder and urethral obstruction. Orchiectomy was carried out for the treatment of this rare cause of testicular cystic mass.