Efectos del temperamento y los estilos de regulación emocional en la determinación de estados emocionales negativos / Effects of temperament and emotion regulation styles in determining negative emotional states

Introducción. La interacción entre los procesos temperamentales reactivo y regulatorio resulta esencial para una mejor compresión de los trastornos emocionales. En este estudio exploramos la relación entre temperamento reactivo(afecto negativo), temperamento regulatorio (control intencional),estilos de regulación emocional negativos (rumiación y supresión) y el autorregistro en condiciones naturales de los niveles de ansiedad, preocupación y evitación. Método. Treinta y dos adultos jóvenes fueron, en primer lugar, evaluados mediante cuestionario en afecto negativo, control intencional y dos formas de regulación emocional negativa (rumiación y supresión). Posteriormente, registraron sus niveles de ansiedad, preocupación y evitación tres veces al día durante 50 días consecutivos a través de un diario electrónico accesible en línea. Resultados. Niveles elevados en afecto negativo y bajos en control intencional se asociaron a mayor ansiedad, preocupación y evitación (p<0,01). La asociación prospectiva entre afecto negativo y evitación estuvo moderada por el control intencional (R2 total=0,49) mientras que no se encontraron efectos de moderación del control intencional en la asociación entre afecto negativo, por una parte, y la ansiedad y preocupación por la otra. Además, la rumiación, en su componente de ensimismamiento, ejerció una mediación total de forma prospectiva en la asociación entre afecto negativo y ansiedad, con un efecto indirecto significativo (Efecto=0,30; Boot IC95%=0,09 a 0,69).Conclusiones. Los patrones de evitación se vieron significativamente determinados por la interacción entre afecto negativo y control intencional y la rumiación, en especial el ensimismamiento, medió totalmente la relación entre afecto negativo y ansiedad (AU)

Introduction. The interplay of reactive and regulatory temperamental processes appears to be essential for a better understanding of emotional states and disorders. In this study we explored the prospective relationship between reactive temperament (negative affect), regulatory temperament (effortful control), negative emotion regulation styles (rumination and suppression) and self-recorded anxiety, worry, and avoidance in naturalistic conditions. Method. Thirty-two young adults were first assessed through questionnaires on negative affectivity, effortful control, and two forms of negative emotion regulation (rumination and suppression). After this they recorded anxiety, worry, and avoidance three times a day over 50consecutive days through an on-line access electronic diary. Results. High levels of negative affect and low levels of effortful control were associated with higher levels of anxiety, worry, and avoidance (p<0.01). The prospective association between negative affectivity and avoidance was moderated by effortful control (Total R2=.49). Moreover, the brooding facet of rumination totally mediated the association between negative affect and anxiety with a significant indirect effect (Effect=0.30, Boot CI95%=0.09 to 0.69). Conclusions. Avoidance patterns are significantly determined by negative affect - effortful control interaction and rumination, especially brooding, totally mediates the relationship between negative affect and anxiety (AU)

Effects of temperament and emotion regulation styles in determining negative emotional states.

INTRODUCTION: The interplay of reactive and regulatory temperamental processes appears to be essential for a better understanding of emotional states and disorders. In this study we explored the prospective relationship between reactive temperament (negative affect), regulatory temperament (effortful control), negative emotion regulation styles (rumination and suppression) and self-recorded anxiety, worry, and avoidance in naturalistic conditions. METHOD: Thirty-two young adults were first assessed through questionnaires on negative affectivity, effortful control, and two forms of negative emotion regulation (rumination and suppression). After this they recorded anxiety, worry, and avoidance three times a day over 50 consecutive days through an on-line access electronic diary. RESULTS: High levels of negative affect and low levels of effortful control were associated with higher levels of anxiety, worry, and avoidance (p<.01). The prospective association between negative affectivity and avoidance was moderated by effortful control (Total R(2)=.49). Moreover, the brooding facet of rumination totally mediated the association between negative affect and anxiety with a significant indirect effect (Effect=.30, Boot CI95%=.09 to .69). CONCLUSIONS: Avoidance patterns are significantly determined by negative affect--effortful control interaction and rumination, especially brooding, totally mediates the relationship between negative affect and anxiety.