Development of a Framework for the Communication System Based on KNX for an Interactive Space for UX Evaluation.

Domotics (Home Automation) aims to improve the quality of life of people by integrating intelligent systems within inhabitable spaces. While traditionally associated with smart home systems, these technologies have potential for User Experience (UX) research. By emulating environments to test products and services, and integrating non-invasive user monitoring tools for emotion recognition, an objective UX evaluation can be performed. To achieve this objective, a testing booth was built and instrumented with devices based on KNX, an international standard for home automation, to conduct experiments and ensure replicability. A framework was designed based on Python to synchronize KNX systems with emotion recognition tools; the synchronization of these data allows finding patterns during the interaction process. To evaluate this framework, an experiment was conducted in a simulated laundry room within the testing booth to analyze the emotional responses of participants while interacting with prototypes of new detergent bottles. Emotional responses were contrasted with traditional questionnaires to determine the viability of using non-invasive methods. Using emulated environments alongside non-invasive monitoring tools allowed an immersive experience for participants. These results indicated that the testing booth can be implemented for a robust UX evaluation methodology.

Epifisiolisis distal del fémur en un recién nacido / Distal epiphysiolysis of the femur in a newborn

La separación por fractura de la epífisis del fémur distal es una lesión relativamente poco frecuente en los recién nacidos, pero se ha documentado como una complicación del parto distócico. La mayoría de los casos ocurren a nivel distal del húmero y, de manera excepcional, afectan al fémur. La epifisiolisis distal del fémur casi no está descrita en la literatura. Se localizan normalmente en el tercio superior del fémur por un movimiento de torsión de este en los partos en posición podálica e incluso en cesáreas distócicas. El diagnóstico diferencial al inicio de la exploración suele ser con artritis séptica del recién nacido. A partir de un paciente de 3 días de vida que se presenta a su control posterior al alta con tumefacción en una de sus rodillas, se plantea este difícil e infrecuente diagnóstic

Fracture separation of the epiphysis from the distal femur is a relatively rare lesion in newborns, but it has been documented as a difficult complication of labor. Most of the cases occur at the distal humeral level and exceptionally affect the femur. Epiphysiolysis of the distal femur is practically not described. They are normally located in the upper third of the femur due to a twisting movement of the femur in breech deliveries and even in difficult caesarean sections. The differential diagnosis at the beginning of the examination is usually with septic arthritis of the newborn. This difficult and infrequent diagnosis arises from a 3-day-old baby who presents for his post-discharge check-up with swelling in one of his knees.

[Distal epiphysiolysis of the femur in a newborn]. / Epifisiolisis distal del fémur en un recién nacido.

Fracture separation of the epiphysis from the distal femur is a elatively rare lesion in newborns, but it has been documented as a difficult complication of labor. Most of the cases occur at the distal humeral level and exceptionally affect the femur. Epiphysiolysis of the distal femur is practically not described. They are normally located in the upper third of the femur due to a twisting movement of the femur in breech deliveries and even in difficult caesarean sections. The differential diagnosis at the beginning of the examination is usually with septic arthritis of the newborn. This difficult and infrequent diagnosis arises from a 3-day-old baby who presents for his post-discharge check-up with swelling in one of his knees.

La separación por fractura de la epífisis del fémur distal es una lesión relativamente poco frecuente en los recién nacidos, pero se ha documentado como una complicación del parto distócico. La mayoría de los casos ocurren a nivel distal del húmero y, de manera excepcional, afectan al fémur. La epifisiolisis distal del fémur casi no está descrita en la literatura. Se localizan normalmente en el tercio superior del fémur por un movimiento de torsión de este en los partos en posición podálica e incluso en cesáreas distócicas. El diagnóstico diferencial al inicio de la exploración suele ser con artritis séptica del recién nacido. A partir de un paciente de 3 días de vida que se presenta a su control posterior al alta con tumefacción en una de sus rodillas, se plantea este difícil e infrecuente diagnóstico.

Influence of organomineral fertilization in the development of the potato crop CV. Cupid / Influência da fertilização organomineral no desenvo lvimento da cultura da batata, cv. cupido

The potato crop is very demanding regarding the presence of nutrients in the form readily available in soil solution and the climatic conditions to ensure satisfactory production of tubers. Each potato cultivar has specific characteristics for its development. The objective of this work was to evaluate the development and productivity of potato cv. Cupid, due to doses of fertilizers and the parceling of organomineral fertilization of the plantation and coverage compared to the use of the mineral. The experiment was conducted in the municipality of Perdizes, in Minas Gerais, in the harvest of 2014/15. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with a factorial scheme of 4 doses x 2 nitrogen managements + control treatment (conventional mineral dose) in 3 replicates. The doses of organomineral fertilizer were: 25, 50, 75 and 100% of the mineral dose of 600 kg ha-1 of potassium sulphate, 850 kg ha-1 monoammonium phosphate, and 300 kg ha-1 of ammonium sulphate. The management of the fertilization consisted of the achievement or not of the coverage that was made at 19 days after planting (DAP) along with the hilling. At 36, 54, 64 and 81 DAP, collection of plants was performed for the characterization of potato growth. No differences wereobserved between the doses of organomineral fertilizer as well as in the management of coverage in relation to the use of the mineral. However, the dose of 75% of the organomineral fertilizer with the realization of coverage provided better physiological response of the plants in relation to the accumulation of dry mass.

A cultura da batata é muito exigente quanto à presença de nutrientes na forma prontamente disponível na solução do solo e as condições climáticas para garantir produção de tubérculos satisfatória. Cada cultivar de batata possui características específicas ao seu desenvolvimento. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o desenvolvimento e produtividade de batata cv. Cupido, em função de doses de fertilizante organomineral e o parcelamento da adubação de plantio e cobertura comparado ao uso do mineral. O experimento foi conduzido no município de Perdizes, em Minas Gerais, na safra das águas de 2014/2015. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, com esquema fatorial de 4 doses x 2 manejos da adubação + tratamento controle (dose mineral convencional) em 3 repetições. As doses de fertilizante organomineral foram: 25, 50, 75 e 100% da dose mineral que foi de 600 kg ha-1 de sulfato de potássio, 850 kg ha-1 fosfato monoamônico, e 300 kg ha-1 de sulfato de amônio. Os manejos da adubação consistiram da realização ou não da cobertura que foi feita aos 19 dias após o plantio (DAP) junto com a amontoa. Aos 36, 54, 64 e 81 DAP, foi realizada coleta de plantas para a caracterização do crescimento da batateira. Não foram verificadas diferenças entre as doses do fertilizante organomineral bem como no manejo da cobertura deste em relação ao uso do mineral. No entanto, a dose de 75% do fertilizante organomineral com a realização da cobertura proporcionou melhor resposta fisiológica das plantas em relação ao acúmulo de massa seca.

Analisis del balance coronal y último nivel artrodesado en escoliosis idiopática lenke 5: parámetros radiográficos específicos / Análise do equilíbrio coronal e do último nível artrodesado em escoliose idiopática lenke 5: parâmetros radiográficos específicos / Analysis of coronal balance and last level of arthrodesis in lenke type 5 idiopathic scoliosis: specific radiographic parameters

OBJETIVO: Determinar las modificaciones postoperatorias que se producen en el balance coronal de los pacientes con escoliosis idiopática del adolescente (EIA) con curvas de Lenke tipo 5, realizando un análisis pre y postoperatorio de los siguientes parámetros radiológicos: último nivel vertebral artrodesado, inclinación de L4, traslación de vértebra apical, obliquidade lumbosacra, ángulo de Cobb y balance coronal previo. MÉTODOS: Se evaluaron 20 pacientes con diagnóstico de EIA con curvas de Lenke tipo 5, con un seguimiento promedio de 36 meses (R: 24 a 48). La edad promedio al momento de la cirugía fue de 15,3 años (R: 13 a 20 años), siendo la distribución por sexo de 16 mujeres y 4 hombres. RESULTADOS: En nuestra serie hemos detectado una correlación directa entre el AVTL y el LSTOA con el balance coronal postoperatorio, tanto en el grupo de los pacientes que mejoraron (14 pacientes), como en aquellos en los que el balance coronal empeoró (6 pacientes). CONCLUSIÓN: De la serie evaluada, fueron el AVTL y el LSTOA, los parámetros radiográficos específicos.

OBJETIVO: Determinar as modificações pós-operatórias produzidas no equilíbrio coronal dos pacientes com escoliose idiopática do adolescente (EIA) e curvas de Lenke tipo 5, realizando uma análise pre e pós-operatória dos seguintes parâmetros radiológicos: último nível vertebral artrodesado, inclinação de L4, translação de vértebra apical, obliquidade lombossacral, ângulo de Cobb e equilíbrio coronal prévio. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 20 pacientes com diagnóstico de EIA com curvas de Lenke tipo 5, acompanhados em média por 36 meses (R: 24 a 48). A média de idade no momento da cirurgia foi de 15,3 anos (R: 13 a 20 anos), sendo a distribuição por sexo de 16 mulheres e 4 homens. RESULTADOS: Em nossa série detectamos correlação direta entre AVTL e LSTOA com o equilíbrio coronal pós-operatório, tanto no grupo dos pacientes que melhoraram (14 pacientes), quanto nos que tiveram piora do equilíbrio coronal (6 pacientes). CONCLUSÃO: Na série avaliada, AVTL e LSTOA foram os parâmetros radiográficos específicos.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the postoperative changes produced in coronal balance of patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and Lenke type 5 curves, carrying out a pre- and postoperative analysis of the following radiological parameters: last arthrodesed vertebral level, L4 tilt, translation of the apical vertebra, lumbosacral obliquity, Cobb angle, and previous coronal balance. METHODS: 20 patients with a diagnosis of AIS with Lenke type 5 curves, in mean follow-up of 36 months (Range: 24 to 48), were evaluated. The mean age at surgery was 15.3 years (Range: 13 to 20 years), and the distribution by sex was 16 women and 4 men. RESULTS: In our series, we found a direct correlation between AVTL and LSTOA, and postoperative coronal balance, both in the group of patients that improved (14 patients) and in those with worsening of coronal balance (6 patients). CONCLUSION: in the case series evaluated, AVTL and LSTOA were the specific radiographic parameters.

Análisis del comportamiento del segmento lumbar, no artrodesado, en escoliosis idiopática del adolescente de curva Lenke tipo 1 / Análise do comportamento do segmento lombar sem artrodese em escoliose idiopática do adolescente com curvatura de Lenke tipo 1 / Analysis of the behavior of the lumbar segment without spinal fusion in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis with curvature of lenke type 1

OBJETIVO: Determinar el comportamiento del segmento lumbar, no artrodesado, en el plano coronal luego de fusiones torácicas selectivas en pacientes con escoliosis idiopática del adolescente con curvas Lenke 1. MÉTODOS: Se evaluaron 21 pacientes con un seguimiento promedio de 29,71 meses (rango: 24-60 meses) mediante análisis clínico y radiográfico retrospectivos de pacientes que presentaron escoliosis idiopáticas del adolescente, con curvas Lenke tipo 1 (ABC). RESULTADOS: En todos los pacientes, en los que se produjo un desequilibrio en el plano coronal, se constató la progresión del valor angular de la curva lumbar no artrodesada al final del seguimiento. CONCLUSIÓN: La curva lumbar no artrodesada progresó al final del seguimiento, en todos los pacientes con desequilibrio confirmado en el plano coronal (3/21).

OBJETIVO: Determinar o comportamento do segmento lombar sem artrodese no plano coronal, após fusões torácicas seletivas na escoliose idiopática do adolescente com curvaturas de Lenke 1. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 21 pacientes com acompanhamento médio de 29,71 meses (faixa: 24 a 60 meses), por meio de análise clínica e radiográfica retrospectiva de pacientes que apresentaram escoliose idiopática do adolescente com curvaturas de Lenke tipo 1 (ABC). RESULTADOS: Constatou-se aumento do ângulo da curva lombar sem artrodese no final do acompanhamento em todos os pacientes que apresentaram desequilíbrio no plano coronal. CONCLUSÃO: O total dos pacientes nos quais se confirmou desequilíbrio no plano coronal (3/21) apresentaram progressão da curva lombar sem artrodese no final do acompanhamento.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the outcome of lumbar segment without arthrodesis in the coronal plane, after selective thoracic fusions for with curvature of Lenke type 1 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis with curvature of Lenke type 1. METHODS: Twenty one patients were evaluated, with a mean follow-up of 29.71 months (range: 24-60 months) with retrospective clinical and radiographic analysis of patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis with curvature of Lenke type 1 (ABC). RESULTS: The increase of the angle of the lumbar curve without fusion was documented at the end of the follow-up in patients with coronal plane imbalance. CONCLUSION: Lumbar curve without fusion progressed at the end of the follow-up in patients with documented coronal plane imbalance (3/21).

In vitro leptin treatment of rainbow trout hypothalamus and hindbrain affects glucosensing and gene expression of neuropeptides involved in food intake regulation.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate in hypothalamus and hindbrain of rainbow trout in vitro the effect of leptin treatment on glucosensing capacity and the expression of orexigenic and anorexigenic peptides involved in the control of food intake. In a first experiment, the response of parameters involved in glucosensing (GK, PK and GSase activities; GK expression and glucose; glycogen and DHAP levels) and the expression of orexigenic (NPY) and anorexigenic (POMC, CART, CRF) peptides was assessed in hypothalami and hindbrain incubated for 1h with 2, 4 or 8mM d-glucose alone (controls) or with 10nM leptin, or with 10nM leptin plus inhibitors of leptin signaling pathways (50nM wortmannin and 500nM AG490). Leptin treatment increased levels in parameters involved in glucosensing. Leptin treatment decreased NPY mRNA levels in hypothalamus without affecting the expression of the other peptides assessed. Leptin effects were reverted in the presence of inhibitors for all parameters assessed suggesting the involvement of JAK/STAT and IRS-PI(3)K pathways. In a second experiment, we observed time-dependent (1-3h) and dose (10, 20 and 50nM)- effects of leptin treatment in decreasing NPY mRNA levels without affecting expression of the other peptides assessed. Considering the orexigenic action of NPY in fish, it seems that the anorexic effect of leptin can be mediated by reduced expression of NPY occurring in hypothalamus, and that change can be related to the activation of the glucosensing system occurring simultaneously.

Effect of different glycaemic conditions on gene expression of neuropeptides involved in control of food intake in rainbow trout; interaction with stress.

To assess mechanisms relating to food intake and glucosensing in fish, and their interaction with stress, we evaluated changes in the expression of orexigenic (NPY) and anorexigenic (POMC, CART and CRF) peptides in central glucosensing areas (hypothalamus and hindbrain) of rainbow trout subjected to normoglycaemic (control), hypoglycaemic (4 mg insulin kg(-1)) or hyperglycaemic (500 mg glucose kg(-1)) conditions for 6 h under normal stocking density (NSD; 10 kg fish mass m(-3)) or under stress conditions induced by high stocking density (HSD; 70 kg fish mass m(-3)). Hyperglycaemic NSD conditions resulted in decreased mRNA levels of NPY and increased levels of CART and POMC in the hypothalamus as well as increased mRNA levels of CART and CRF in the hindbrain compared with hypo- and normoglycaemic conditions. HSD conditions in normoglycaemic fish induced marked changes in the expression of all peptides assessed: mRNA levels of NPY and CRF increased and mRNA levels of POMC and CART decreased in the hypothalamus, whereas the expression of all four peptides (NPY, POMC, CART and CRF) decreased in the hindbrain. Furthermore, HSD conditions altered the response to changes in glycaemia of NPY and POMC expression in the hypothalamus and CART expression in the hypothalamus and the hindbrain. The results are discussed in the context of food intake regulation by glucosensor systems and their interaction with stress in fish.

Stress alters food intake and glucosensing response in hypothalamus, hindbrain, liver, and Brockmann bodies of rainbow trout.

In fish food intake is altered under stress conditions, and in a fish teleost model like rainbow trout food intake is associated with the activity of the glucosensor systems. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the possible interaction of stress with the response of glucosensor mechanisms in rainbow trout. Thus, we subjected rainbow trout (via intraperitoneal injections) to normoglycaemic (control), hypoglycaemic (4 mg.kg(-1) bovine insulin) or hyperglycaemic (500 mg.kg(-1) glucose body mass) conditions for 5 days under normal stocking density (NSD, 10 kg fish mass·m(-3)) or stress conditions induced by high stocking density (HSD, 70 kg fish mass·m(-3)). The experimental design was appropriate since hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia were observed in fish under NSD whereas in normoglycaemic fish HSD induced changes in stress-related parameters similar to those reported in fish literature, such as increased levels of cortisol and glucose in plasma and decreased levels of glycogen in liver. Food intake did not respond to changes in plasma glucose levels in fish under HSD conditions, in contrast with the decreased food intake observed when glucose levels increased in fish under NSD conditions. Moreover, the changes with the increase in plasma glucose levels in parameters involved in glucosensing in liver, Brockmann bodies (BB), hypothalamus, and hindbrain of fish in NSD either disappeared (DHAP and GAP levels, and GK, PK, and GPase activities in liver; glucose, DHAP and GAP levels in BB; glucose and DHAP levels, and GK and PK activities in hypothalamus; glycogen and DHAP levels, and GSase activity in hindbrain) or changed (cortisol levels in plasma; glycogen and GAP levels, and GSase and FBPase activities in liver; GK and PK activities in BB; GK and PK activities in hindbrain) in fish under HSD. Those changes suggest for the first time in fish the existence of an interaction between glucosensing capacity and stress. The readjustment in the activity of glucosensor systems is also associated with changes in food intake resulting in an inability of the fish to compensate with changes in food intake those of circulating glucose levels as observed in fish under non-stressed conditions.

Central leptin treatment modulates brain glucosensing function and peripheral energy metabolism of rainbow trout.

The aim of the present study was to obtain evidence for the possible modulatory effect of leptin on glucosensing capacity in hypothalamus and hindbrain of rainbow trout. In a first experiment, trout were injected ICV with saline alone or containing increased doses of leptin (0.3-30 microg microl(-1)). Leptin induced in general in both hypothalamus and hindbrain dose-dependent changes in parameters related to glucosensing (increased glycogenic and glycolytic potentials together with increased GK activity, and increased mRNA levels of genes involved in glucosensing response) compatible with those occurring under hyperglycemic conditions, a situation that is known to produce anorexia. The anorectic action of leptin in our experimental conditions was observed in a second experiment. The specificity of leptin action was tested in a third experiment in which trout were injected ICV with saline, or leptin alone, or leptin plus agents known to inhibit leptin signaling pathways in mammals. The results obtained suggest that the central action of leptin on glucosensing system can be related to the JAK/STAT and IRS-PI(3)K pathways. Finally, we also provide evidence for a peripheral effect of central leptin treatment (increased liver glycogenolytic potential), which could be associated with increased sympathetic activity.