[Clinical profile and non-recreational methamphetamine abuse (shabu) among stroke patients in the Philippine population]. / Perfil clínico y abuso de metanfetamina no recreativa (shabú) entre los pacientes con ictus en la población filipina.

INTRODUCTION: Chronic non-recreational use of methamphetamine (shabu) is increasing among the Filipino population in Barcelona. The Asian population presents a different stroke pattern, with a higher incidence of haemorrhage, and different vascular risk factors and health behaviours. The objective of this study is to describe the stroke profile and incidence of methamphetamine use in patients of Filipino origin admitted to our centre. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Demographic data, vascular risk factors, clinical data and prognosis were recorded. Methamphetamine exposure was analysed in plasma samples collected on admission, which were then analysed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS: Of a total of 6,418 stroke patients, 73 (1.1%) were identified as being of Filipino origin. The mean age was 54.4 ± 12.1 years, 54% were male and the stroke was ischaemic in 64.4% of cases. Arterial hypertension was the main risk factor. Ten (13.7%) patients tested positive for methamphetamine and amphetamine. These results confirm recent substance use prior to the stroke, mostly in men (80%). In patients who were consumers, 60% had a haemorrhagic stroke, with a poor functional prognosis at three months in 55.6% of patients. CONCLUSIONS: In our setting, patients of Filipino ethnicity admitted for stroke related to the consumption of shabu belonged a younger age bracket, with a lower prevalence of vascular risk factors and a predominance of the haemorrhagic subtype. Methamphetamine testing in Filipino stroke patients is recommended due to the high prevalence of methamphetamine use in our country.

TITLE: Perfil clínico y abuso de metanfetamina no recreativa (shabú) entre los pacientes con ictus en la población filipina.Introducción. En la población filipina de Barcelona está aumentando el consumo crónico no recreativo de metanfetaminas (shabú). La población asiática presenta un patrón de ictus diferente, con mayor incidencia de hemorragias, y diferentes factores de riesgo vascular y conductas de salud. El objetivo es describir el perfil de ictus e incidencia de consumo de metanfetaminas en pacientes de origen filipino ingresados en nuestro centro. Pacientes y métodos. Se registraron datos demográficos, factores de riesgo vascular, datos clínicos y pronóstico. Se analizó la exposición a metanfetamina en muestras de plasma recogidas en el ingreso, que se analizaron por cromatografía líquida-espectrometría de masas. Resultados. Del total de 6.418 pacientes con ictus, se identificó a 73 pacientes filipinos (1,1%). La edad media era de 54,4 ± 12,1 años, el 54% eran hombres y el ictus era isquémico en el 64,4%. La hipertensión arterial fue el principal factor de riesgo. Diez (13,7%) pacientes dieron positivo a metanfetamina y anfetamina. Estos resultados confirman un consumo reciente de sustancias previo al ictus, principalmente en hombres (80%). En pacientes consumidores, un 60% presentaba un ictus hemorrágico, con mal pronóstico funcional a tres meses en el 55,6% de los pacientes. Conclusiones. En nuestro medio, los pacientes de etnia filipina ingresados por ictus en relación con consumo de shabú presentaron un perfil de edad más joven, con menor prevalencia de factores de riesgo vascular y predominio del subtipo hemorrágico. Se recomienda la determinación de metanfetamina en los pacientes filipinos con ictus debido a la alta prevalencia del consumo de metanfetamina en nuestro país.

Perfil clínico y abuso de metanfetamina no recreativa (shabú) entre los pacientes con ictus en la población filipina / Clinical profile and non-recreational methamphetamine abuse (shabu) among stroke patients in the Philippine population

Introducción En la población filipina de Barcelona está aumentando el consumo crónico no recreativo de metanfetaminas (shabú). La población asiática presenta un patrón de ictus diferente, con mayor incidencia de hemorragias, y diferentes factores de riesgo vascular y conductas de salud. El objetivo es describir el perfil de ictus e incidencia de consumo de metanfetaminas en pacientes de origen filipino ingresados en nuestro centro. Pacientes y métodos Se registraron datos demográficos, factores de riesgo vascular, datos clínicos y pronóstico. Se analizó la exposición a metanfetamina en muestras de plasma recogidas en el ingreso, que se analizaron por cromatografía líquida-espectrometría de masas. Resultados Del total de 6.418 pacientes con ictus, se identificó a 73 pacientes filipinos (1,1%). La edad media era de 54,4 ± 12,1 años, el 54% eran hombres y el ictus era isquémico en el 64,4%. La hipertensión arterial fue el principal factor de riesgo. Diez (13,7%) pacientes dieron positivo a metanfetamina y anfetamina. Estos resultados confirman un consumo reciente de sustancias previo al ictus, principalmente en hombres (80%). En pacientes consumidores, un 60% presentaba un ictus hemorrágico, con mal pronóstico funcional a tres meses en el 55,6% de los pacientes. Conclusiones En nuestro medio, los pacientes de etnia filipina ingresados por ictus en relación con consumo de shabú presentaron un perfil de edad más joven, con menor prevalencia de factores de riesgo vascular y predominio del subtipo hemorrágico. Se recomienda la determinación de metanfetamina en los pacientes filipinos con ictus debido a la alta prevalencia del consumo de metanfetamina en nuestro país. (AU)

INTRODUCTION Chronic non-recreational use of methamphetamine (shabú) is increasing among the Filipino population in Barcelona. The Asian population presents a different stroke pattern, with a higher incidence of haemorrhage, and different vascular risk factors and health behaviours. The objective of this study is to describe the stroke profile and incidence of methamphetamine use in patients of Filipino origin admitted to our centre. PATIENTS AND METHODS Demographic data, vascular risk factors, clinical data and prognosis were recorded. Methamphetamine exposure was analysed in plasma samples collected on admission, which were then analysed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS Of a total of 6,418 stroke patients, 73 (1.1%) were identified as being of Filipino origin. The mean age was 54.4 ± 12.1 years, 54% were male and the stroke was ischaemic in 64.4% of cases. Arterial hypertension was the main risk factor. Ten (13.7%) patients tested positive for methamphetamine and amphetamine. These results confirm recent substance use prior to the stroke, mostly in men (80%). In patients who were consumers, 60% had a haemorrhagic stroke, with a poor functional prognosis at three months in 55.6% of patients. CONCLUSIONS In our setting, patients of Filipino ethnicity admitted for stroke related to the consumption of shabú belonged a younger age bracket, with a lower prevalence of vascular risk factors and a predominance of the haemorrhagic subtype. Methamphetamine testing in Filipino stroke patients is recommended due to the high prevalence of methamphetamine use in our country. (AU)

Tratamiento definitivo de Fistula Broncopleural de difícil manejo con terapia de presión negativa / Definitive treatment of difficult-to-manage Bronchopleural Fistula with negative pressure therapy

Las fistulas bronquiales ocurren como complicaciones de múltiples enfermedades del tórax y procedimientos. El tratamiento de las mismas después de una lobectomía es complicado y requieren largas hospitalizaciones. La Terapia de presión negativa (TPN) ha demostrado beneficios y evidencias en el manejo de las fistulas broncopleurales. Masculino de 25 años de edad, con antecedente de tuberculosis con tratamiento completo, posterior presentó neumonía necrotizante en lóbulo superior derecho y empiema, realizando lobectomía complicándose con fistula broncopleural e infecciones a repetición, requiriendo ventana pulmonar y múltiples internaciones con diferentes tratamientos hasta ser manejada con el sistema presión negativa (TPN) con mejoría marcada. (AU)

Bronchial fistulas occur as complications of multiple chest diseases and procedures. Their treatment after a lobectomy is complicated and requires long hospital stays. Negative pressure therapy (NPT) has shown benefits and evidence in the management of bronchopleural fistulas. A 25-year-old male, with a history of tuberculosis with complete treatment, subsequently presented necrotizing pneumonia in the right upper lobe and empyema, performing lobectomy, complicating with bronchopleural fistula and recurrent infections, requiring a pulmonary window and multiple hospitalizations with different treatments until managed with the negative pressure system (NPT) with marked improvement. (AU)

Search for an Excess of Electron Neutrino Interactions in MicroBooNE Using Multiple Final-State Topologies.

We present a measurement of ν_{e} interactions from the Fermilab Booster Neutrino Beam using the MicroBooNE liquid argon time projection chamber to address the nature of the excess of low energy interactions observed by the MiniBooNE Collaboration. Three independent ν_{e} searches are performed across multiple single electron final states, including an exclusive search for two-body scattering events with a single proton, a semi-inclusive search for pionless events, and a fully inclusive search for events containing all hadronic final states. With differing signal topologies, statistics, backgrounds, reconstruction algorithms, and analysis approaches, the results are found to be either consistent with or modestly lower than the nominal ν_{e} rate expectations from the Booster Neutrino Beam and no excess of ν_{e} events is observed.

First Measurement of Energy-Dependent Inclusive Muon Neutrino Charged-Current Cross Sections on Argon with the MicroBooNE Detector.

We report a measurement of the energy-dependent total charged-current cross section σ(E_{ν}) for inclusive muon neutrinos scattering on argon, as well as measurements of flux-averaged differential cross sections as a function of muon energy and hadronic energy transfer (ν). Data corresponding to 5.3×10^{19} protons on target of exposure were collected using the MicroBooNE liquid argon time projection chamber located in the Fermilab booster neutrino beam with a mean neutrino energy of approximately 0.8 GeV. The mapping between the true neutrino energy E_{ν} and reconstructed neutrino energy E_{ν}^{rec} and between the energy transfer ν and reconstructed hadronic energy E_{had}^{rec} are validated by comparing the data and Monte Carlo (MC) predictions. In particular, the modeling of the missing hadronic energy and its associated uncertainties are verified by a new method that compares the E_{had}^{rec} distributions between data and a MC prediction after constraining the reconstructed muon kinematic distributions, energy, and polar angle to those of data. The success of this validation gives confidence that the missing energy in the MicroBooNE detector is well modeled and underpins first-time measurements of both the total cross section σ(E_{ν}) and the differential cross section dσ/dν on argon.

Search for Neutrino-Induced Neutral-Current Δ Radiative Decay in MicroBooNE and a First Test of the MiniBooNE Low Energy Excess under a Single-Photon Hypothesis.

We report results from a search for neutrino-induced neutral current (NC) resonant Δ(1232) baryon production followed by Δ radiative decay, with a ⟨0.8⟩ GeV neutrino beam. Data corresponding to MicroBooNE's first three years of operations (6.80×10^{20} protons on target) are used to select single-photon events with one or zero protons and without charged leptons in the final state (1γ1p and 1γ0p, respectively). The background is constrained via an in situ high-purity measurement of NC π^{0} events, made possible via dedicated 2γ1p and 2γ0p selections. A total of 16 and 153 events are observed for the 1γ1p and 1γ0p selections, respectively, compared to a constrained background prediction of 20.5±3.65(syst) and 145.1±13.8(syst) events. The data lead to a bound on an anomalous enhancement of the normalization of NC Δ radiative decay of less than 2.3 times the predicted nominal rate for this process at the 90% confidence level (C.L.). The measurement disfavors a candidate photon interpretation of the MiniBooNE low-energy excess as a factor of 3.18 times the nominal NC Δ radiative decay rate at the 94.8% C.L., in favor of the nominal prediction, and represents a greater than 50-fold improvement over the world's best limit on single-photon production in NC interactions in the sub-GeV neutrino energy range.

Search for a Higgs Portal Scalar Decaying to Electron-Positron Pairs in the MicroBooNE Detector.

We present a search for the decays of a neutral scalar boson produced by kaons decaying at rest, in the context of the Higgs portal model, using the MicroBooNE detector. We analyze data triggered in time with the Fermilab NuMI neutrino beam spill, with an exposure of 1.93×10^{20} protons on target. We look for monoenergetic scalars that come from the direction of the NuMI hadron absorber, at a distance of 100 m from the detector, and decay to electron-positron pairs. We observe one candidate event, with a standard model background prediction of 1.9±0.8. We set an upper limit on the scalar-Higgs mixing angle of θ<(3.3-4.6)×10^{-4} at the 95% confidence level for scalar boson masses in the range (100-200) MeV/c^{2}. We exclude, at the 95% confidence level, the remaining model parameters required to explain the central value of a possible excess of K_{L}^{0}→π^{0}νν[over ¯] decays reported by the KOTO collaboration. We also provide a model-independent limit on a new boson X produced in K→πX decays and decaying to e^{+}e^{-}.

First Measurement of Differential Charged Current Quasielasticlike ν_{µ}-Argon Scattering Cross Sections with the MicroBooNE Detector.

We report on the first measurement of flux-integrated single differential cross sections for charged-current (CC) muon neutrino (ν_{µ}) scattering on argon with a muon and a proton in the final state, ^{40}Ar (ν_{µ},µp)X. The measurement was carried out using the Booster Neutrino Beam at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory and the MicroBooNE liquid argon time projection chamber detector with an exposure of 4.59×10^{19} protons on target. Events are selected to enhance the contribution of CC quasielastic (CCQE) interactions. The data are reported in terms of a total cross section as well as single differential cross sections in final state muon and proton kinematics. We measure the integrated per-nucleus CCQE-like cross section (i.e., for interactions leading to a muon, one proton, and no pions above detection threshold) of (4.93±0.76_{stat}±1.29_{sys})×10^{-38} cm^{2}, in good agreement with theoretical calculations. The single differential cross sections are also in overall good agreement with theoretical predictions, except at very forward muon scattering angles that correspond to low-momentum-transfer events.

[Sensitivity and specificity of three complementary methods in the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome]. / Sensibilidad y especificidad de tres métodos complementarios para el diagnóstico de síndrome de túnel carpiano.

INTRODUCTION: Currently there is no universally accepted standard of reference for the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome so it is considered a «latent class¼ pathology, that is, it lacks any diagnostic tests that absolutely certain the presence of disease. METHODS: Prospective, observational and analytical study evaluating the three diagnostic methods used for carpal tunnel syndrome (clinical examination, ultrasound and electromyography). Normality values were set for each diagnostic method. RESULTS: 50 people (14 men and 36 women) were evaluated. The clinical examination showed a positive and significant correlation with the diameter of the affected median nerve (ecography) (R = 0.694, p = 0.032). The values of the under the curve area (UCA) for median nerve conduction speed (MNCS), cubital nerve conduction speed (CNCS), and distal latency (DL) by electromyography were 0.60, 0.519 and less than 0.50 respectively. This states that the diagnostic value of electromyography characteristics is bad. CONCLUSION: Our work establishes clinical examination as a good quality tool being the most sensitive method for diagnosing carpal tunnel syndrome. If there was a need for diagnostic confirmation, the ultrasound proved to be a highly satisfactory study generating less stress, pain and invasion to the patient, decreasing health expenditure and speeding up the process.

INTRODUCCIÓN: Actualmente, no existe un estándar de referencia aceptado universalmente para el diagnóstico del síndrome de túnel carpiano, por lo que se le considera una patología de «clase latente¼, es decir, que carece de alguna prueba diagnóstica que dé certeza absoluta de la presencia de la enfermedad. MÉTODOS: Estudio prospectivo, observacional y analítico en el cual se evaluaron los tres métodos diagnósticos utilizados para el síndrome de túnel carpiano (examen clínico, ecografía y electromiografía). En él, se establecieron valores de normalidad para cada método diagnóstico. RESULTADOS: Se evaluó un total de 50 personas (14 hombres y 36 mujeres). El examen clínico presentó correlación positiva y significativa con el diámetro del nervio mediano afectado (ecografía) (R = 0.694 y p = 0.032). Los valores del área bajo la curva (AUC, por sus siglas en inglés) para la velocidad de conducción del nervio mediano (VCNM), velocidad de conducción de nervio cubital (VCNC) y latencia distal motora (LDM) por electromiografía fueron de 0.60, 0.519 y. CONCLUSIÓN: < 0.50, respectivamente, lo cual determinó que el valor diagnóstico de las características por electromiografía es malo. Nuestro trabajo establece al examen clínico como una herramienta de buena calidad, siendo el método más sensible para el diagnóstico de síndrome de túnel carpiano. Si existiera la necesidad de realizar una confirmación diagnóstica, la ecografía mostró ser un estudio altamente satisfactorio, el cual genera menos estrés, dolor e invasión al paciente, disminuyendo, a su vez, el gasto de salud y agilizando el proceso.

Nueva variante patogénica en el gen SPAST en una familia española afecta de paraplejía espástica hereditaria / A novel pathogenic variant of the SPAST gene in a Spanish family with hereditary spastic paraplegia

No disponible

[Distal radius intraarticular fractures: fluoroscopy reduction versus arthroscopic assistance. Systematic review]. / Fracturas intraarticulares de radio distal: reducción bajo fluoroscopía versus asistencia artroscópica. Revisión sistemática.

INTRODUCTION: Intraarticular distal radius fractures are a therapeutic challenge for the orthopedist surgeon there are studies that support the use of fluoroscopy, and others promote arthroscopy, with this work we try to summarize the evidence, to determine whether arthroscopic assistance provides additional benefits to avoid joint incongruities compared to results obtained under fluoroscopic assistance. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Systematic search for prospective, retrospective, cohort, follow-up, clinical trials on PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, Scielo, Embase, Google Scholar and other national sources, including as keywords the terms: "intra-articular distal radius fracture", "wrist arthroscopy", "arthroscopy", "fluoroscopy". The average values and standard offsets for each characteristic, obtained from the selected works, were analyzed using descriptive statistics and illustrative graphs. RESULTS: 463 patients (256 women and 207 men) were evaluated, with an average age of 48.29 years and range from 39 to 64 years. The two treatments (A and F) were homogeneous in terms of the age of the patients reporting (p = 0.5820) and the average follow-up time (p = 0.9597). Only the ulnar deviation and DASH score, for which the arthroscopy group performed best, in the remaining variables the differences were not significant. CONCLUSION: The evidence available to date is conflicting, and does not allow recommendations to be made for or against these interventions, finding other factors that could influence decision-making.

INTRODUCCIÓN: Las fracturas intraarticulares de radio distal son un desafío terapéutico para el cirujano ortopedista. Hay estudios que avalan el uso de la fluoroscopía y otros promueven la artroscopia. Con este trabajo intentamos resumir la evidencia, para determinar si la asistencia artroscópica aporta beneficios adicionales para evitar incongruencias articulares en comparación con los resultados obtenidos bajo asistencia fluoroscópica. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Búsqueda sistemática de estudios prospectivos, retrospectivos, de cohortes, seguimiento, ensayos clínicos en PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, Scielo, Embase, Google Scholar y otras fuentes nacionales, incluyendo como palabras clave los términos. RESULTADOS: intraarticular distal radius fracture, wrist arthroscopy, arthroscopy, fluoroscopy. Los valores medios y desvíos estándar para cada característica, obtenidos de los trabajos seleccionados fueron analizados usando estadística descriptiva y gráficos ilustrativos. Fueron evaluados 463 pacientes (256 mujeres y 207 hombres), con una edad promedio de 48.29 años y rango de 39 a 64 años. Los dos tratamientos (A y F) fueron homogéneos en cuanto a la edad de los pacientes que reportan (p = 0.5820) y el tiempo de seguimiento promedio (p = 0.9597). Sólo la desviación cubital y el DASH, para las cuales el grupo de artroscopía tuvo mejor desempeño, en las variables restantes las diferencias no fueron significativas. CONCLUSIÓN: La evidencia disponible hasta la fecha es controvertida y no permite hacer recomendaciones a favor o en contra de estas intervenciones, encontrando otros factores que podrían influir en la toma de decisiones.

Growth hormone insensitivity: Mexican case report.

Herein, we present a 14-year-old patient with short stature (134 cm) referred from Paediatrics to our department for complementary evaluation since growth hormone (GH) treatment failed to show any improvement. He was born premature and small for gestational age. Genital examination classified the patient as Tanner I-II with small penis and testicular size for his age. Biochemical analyses revealed normal GH levels with low serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). Molecular diagnosis confirmed several mutations in IGF1R and IGFALS, and so he was diagnosed with Laron Syndrome or GH insensibility and treated with IGF-1 substitutive therapy. LEARNING POINTS: Evaluation of the GH/IGF-1 axis when short stature does not respond to conservative treatment must be included in the ordinary practice.Laron Syndrome real incidence should be calculated once undiagnosed cases arise, as treatment, due to lack of market, is unaffordable.Even when adulthood is reached, and no longitudinal growth can be achieved, still IGF-1 treatment in Laron Syndrome patients should be pursued as metabolic and protective derangements could arise.

Infecciones bacterianas en pacientes con Pie Diabético. Hospital Regional de Ciudad del Este, Paraguay. Año 2015 / Bacterial infections in patients with Diabetic Foot. Regional Hospital of Ciudad del Este, Paraguay. Year 2015

Infecciones bacterianas en pacientes con Pie Diabético. Hospital Regional de Ciudad del Este, Paraguay. Año 2015 RESUMEN La Organización Mundial de la Salud define el pié diabético como una "situación de infección, ulceración o también destrucción de los tejidos profundos de los pies, asociada a anormalidades neurológicas y varios grados de enfermedad vascular periférica en los miembros inferiores de pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus. El objetivo del trabajo fue identificar la prevalencia de microorganismos que causaron infecciones en pacientes diagnosticados con pie diabético atendidos en el Hospital Regional de Ciudad del Este, Paraguay, durante el año 2015. Estudio descriptivo, transversal y retrospectivo. El muestreo fue no probabilístico, por conveniencia, y se incluyeron 115 muestras correspondientes a 94 pacientes. Fue utilizada la base de datos del Laboratorio de Bacteriología del Hospital Regional de Ciudad del Este. De los 94 pacientes con pie diabético, 52% fueron hombres. El 25% de las infecciones se produjeron en pacientes con edades comprendidas entre 51 a 60 años. Fueron aislados 21 microorganismos diferentes en las 115 muestras. El 80% (75) fueron monomicrobianos, y 20% (40) polimicrobianos. Entre los Gram positivos, el microorganismo más frecuentemente aislado fue el Staphylococcus aureus 19% (22) y el Enterococcus spp. 6% (6) y entre los Gram negativos fueron la Klebsiella pneumoniae13% (16) y Acinetobacter spp. 12% (14). Los resultados de las pruebas de sensibilidad antimicrobiana demostraron que el 100% de las cepas de S. aureus fueron resistentes a la Oxacilina y alta resistencia de las cepas de K. pneumoniae a las Cefalosporinas. Las cepas de Acinetobacter spp. fueron 100% resistentes a las cefalosporinas y Piperacilina. Los microorganismos aislados y el perfil de resistencia antimicrobiana que los mismos presentan, coinciden con la bibliografía, y es muy importante implementar programas de prevención a esta patología a fin de evitar amputaciones en este tipo de pacientes. Palabras claves: bacterias; pie; diabético; hospital; Paraguay.

The World Health Organization defines the diabetic foot as a "situation of infection, ulceration or destruction of the deep tissues of the feet. It is associated with neurological abnormalities and various degrees of peripheral vascular disease in the lower limbs of patients with Diabetes Mellitus". The objective of the research was to identify the prevalence of microorganisms which caused infections in patients diagnosed with diabetic foot treated at the Regional Hospital of Ciudad del Este, Paraguay, during the year 2015. It is a descriptive, crosssectional and retrospective study. The sampling was nonprobabilistic, for convenience, and 115 samples were included corresponding to 94 patients. The database of the Department of Bacteriology of the Regional Hospital of Ciudad del Este was used. Of the 94 patients with diagnosed diabetic foot, 52% were men. 25% of the infections occurred in patients with ages ranging from 51 to 60 years. 21 microorganisms were isolated in the 115 different samples. 80% (75) were monomicrobial, and 20% (40) polymicrobial. The most isolated bacterium in this group of bacteria was the Staphylococcus aureus (19%). Among the Gram positive bacilli, the most frequently isolated microorganism was Staphylococcus aureus, 19% (22) and Enterococcus spp. 6% (6) and among Gram negatives: Klebsiella pneumoniae 13% (16) and Acinetobacter spp. 12% (14). The results of the sensitivity tests demonstrated that 100% of the strains of S. aureus were resistant to Oxacillin and 100% of the strains of K. pneumoniae showed resistance to cefhems. 100% of the strains of Acinetobacter spp were resistant to Cefotaxime and Piperacillin. The isolated microorganisms and the antimicrobial resistance profile they present coincide with the literature, and it is of most importance to implement prevention programs regarding this pathology in order to avoid amputations in this type of patients. Key words: bacteria; foot; diabetic; h Palabras claves: bacterias; pie; diabético; hospital; Paraguay.

IGF-1 modulates gene expression of proteins involved in inflammation, cytoskeleton, and liver architecture.

Even though the liver synthesizes most of circulating IGF-1, it lacks its receptor under physiological conditions. However, according to previous studies, a damaged liver expresses the receptor. For this reason, herein, we examine hepatic histology and expression of genes encoding proteins of the cytoskeleton, extracellular matrix, and cell-cell molecules and inflammation-related proteins. A partial IGF-1 deficiency murine model was used to investigate IGF-1's effects on liver by comparing wild-type controls, heterozygous igf1+/-, and heterozygous mice treated with IGF-1 for 10 days. Histology, microarray for mRNA gene expression, RT-qPCR, and lipid peroxidation were assessed. Microarray analyses revealed significant underexpression of igf1 in heterozygous mice compared to control mice, restoring normal liver expression after treatment, which then normalized its circulating levels. IGF-1 receptor mRNA was overexpressed in Hz mice liver, while treated mice displayed a similar expression to that of the controls. Heterozygous mice showed overexpression of several genes encoding proteins related to inflammatory and acute-phase proteins and underexpression or overexpression of genes which coded for extracellular matrix, cytoskeleton, and cell junction components. Histology revealed an altered hepatic architecture. In addition, liver oxidative damage was found increased in the heterozygous group. The mere IGF-1 partial deficiency is associated with relevant alterations of the hepatic architecture and expression of genes involved in cytoskeleton, hepatocyte polarity, cell junctions, and extracellular matrix proteins. Moreover, it induces hepatic expression of the IGF-1 receptor and elevated acute-phase and inflammation mediators, which all resulted in liver oxidative damage.