[Effects of nebuliser treatment with berotec on external respiratory function, bronchial permeability, hemodynamics, acid-alkaline balance, oxygen saturation, and their circadian structure in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]. / Vliianie nebulaizernoi terapii berotekom na funktsiiu vneshnego dykhaniia, bronkhial'nuiu prokhodimost', gemodinamiku, kislotno-shchelochnoe sostoianie, saturatsiiu kisloroda i ikh vremennuiu organizatsiiu u pozhilykh bol'nykh khronicheskoi obstruktivnoi bolezn'iu legkikh.

AIM: To study the effects of nebuliser therapy with berotek on clinical symptoms, external respiration function (ERF), bronchial permeability, hemodynamics and their temporal organisation in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study enrolled 20 COPD patients (mean age 64.9 +/- 1.9 years) with obstructive respiratory insufficiency of the second-third degree given nebuliser therapy with berotek as adjuvant to conventional treatment (the study group) and 12 COPD patients (mean age 69.7 +/- 2.5 years) given only conventional treatment (the control group). The following parameters were examined: ERF, BP, HD, AAB, OS (SaO2) in venous blood before and after treatment. Chronobiological studies of BP and HD were performed for 7 days at the beginning and end of the study. RESULTS: Berotek efficacy manifested on the treatment day 3 as improvement in the symptoms, IRF, BP, a rise in SaO2 and PaCO2 and a fall in PaCO2 in venous blood. Circadian chronostructure of peakflowmetry, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure persisted. Circaseptal and circasemiseptal rhythms of BP and HD disappeared. CONCLUSION: Nebuliser therapy with berotek has a positive effect on clinical symptoms, ERF, BP, gas exchange in the lungs, SaO2, HD and their circadian chronostructure.

[Effect of moxonidine monotherapy and in combination with melatonin on hemodynamic parameters in patients with arterial hypertension]. / Vliianie monoterapii moksonidinom i kombinirovannoi terapii moksonidinom i melatoninom na pokazateli gemodinamiki u bol'nykh arterial'noi gipertoniei.

Fifty patients (mean age 53.8 +/- 3.45) with arterial hypertension were examined. They were divided into 2 randomized groups, 25 patients each. One group received moxonidine, 40 mg, alone in the morning, the other had moxonidine in the same dose in combination with melatonin, 3 mg, overnight. The treatment lasted 14 days. Monitoring of blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), EchoCG was made before and after treatment. The studies indicated that moxonidine had a pronounced antihypertensive effect by slightly lowering BP overnight and that the chronostructure of BP and HR rhythms was impaired. Addition of melatonin to the moxonidine therapy with greater antihypertensive effects made the chronostructure of circadian BP and HR rhythms normal.

[Capozide-50 alone and in combination with melatonin in therapy of hypertension]. / Monoterapiia kapozidom-50 i kombinirovannaia terapiia kapozidom-50 i melatoninom bol'nykh gipertonicheskoi bolezn'iu.

Monotherapy with caposide-50 (C-50) was compared to combined therapy C-50 + melatonin in 22 patients with essential hypertension stage II (mean age 60 years). The patients were divided into two groups. Group 1 received C-50 at 8.00 a.m., group 2 received C-50 at 8.00 a.m. and melatonin at 10.00 p.m. in a dose 3 mg. Before the treatment and 14 days after it echo-CG was made to assess hemodynamics. Also, 24-h monitoring of arterial pressure was performed. The findings were analysed with variance statistics and cosinor-analysis. Group 1 achieved a moderate hypotensive effect. Circadian rhythm of systolic blood pressure was abnormal. Group 2 patients achieved more pronounced decline of systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressures. Circadian rhythm of these pressure did not return to normal.

[Comparative efficacy of combined therapy with preductal and amino acid composition in elderly patients with coronary heart disease and class II-III angina]. / Sravnitel'naia éffektivnost' kompeksnoi terapii s vkliucheniem preduktala i kompozitsii aminokislot u bol'nykh ishemicheskoi bolezn'iu serdtsa so stenokardiei II-III funktsional'nykh klassov pozhilogo vozrasta.

AIM: A comparative analysis of effectiveness of combined therapy including trimetazidine (preductal) and composition of amino acids (glutamic acid, glycin and cystein) in elderly patients with coronary heart disease and angina of functional class II-III (FC II-III). MATERIALS AND METHODS: 60 patients (47 females and 13 males, mean age 66.4 +/- 0.5 years) with IHD, angina FC II-III, postinfarction cardiosclerosis and circulatory failure stage I-IIA were randomized into 3 randomized groups. Control patients received conventional antianginal therapy with nitrates, beta-adrenoblockers, calcium antagonists, diuretics, ACI inhibitors, cardiac glycosides and aspirin. Patients of group 1 received conventional treatment + complex of amino acids in dose 100 mg 3 times a day sublingually. Group 2 patients received adjuvant preductal for 20 days in dose 20 mg 3 times a day per os. Assessment was made clinically, with echo-CG data, bimanual isometric loading and Holter 24-h ECG monitoring. RESULTS: All the three methods showed antianginal, hypotensive effects, brought higher tolerance to exercise and improvement of hemodynamics. The basic therapy produced the least effect. CONCLUSION: Metabolic therapy with amino acids and preductal combined with conventional methods brings more pronounced antianginal and hemodynamic effects than combined therapy alone.

[Effects of melatonin alone and in combination with aceten on chronostructure of diurnal hemodynamic rhythms in patients with hypertension stage II]. / Vliianie terapii melatoninom i ego kombinatsii s atsetenom na khronostrukturu sutochnykh ritmov gemodinamiki u bol'nykh gipertonicheskoi bolezn'iu II stadii.

AIM: To study effects of monotherapy with melatonin and combination melatonin + aceten on circadian pattern of hemodynamics in patients with essential hypertension stage II. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 20 EH patients were randomized into 2 groups, 10 patients each. Group 1 patients were given melatonin alone (6 mg at 22.00). Group 2 received aceten (25 mg at 18.00) and melatonin (6 mg at 22.00). Before treatment and after 10 days of it, hemodynamic parameters were measured each 3 hours for 24 hours. Arterial pressure was measured by Korotkov method, heart rate--by ECG R-R interval, stroke volume--by tetrapolar chest rheography according to Kubichek. Cardiac index, total and specific peripheral resistance, double product were estimated routinely. RESULTS: Internal and external dyssynchronism was registered in hemodynamic parameters of EH patients. Melatonin normalized circadian hemodynamic rhythms. It produced a hypotensive effect, reduced energy requirements of the myocardium. Combination of melatonin with aceten had a hypotensive and vasodilating effects but failed to restore circadian hemodynamic rhythms. CONCLUSION: Melatonin, epiphysial neurohormone, and its combination with aceten have hypotensive and vasodilating effects but melatonin monotherapy normalizes circadian hemodynamic rhythms while the combination was uneffective in this respect. This may be explained by interaction of melatonin and aceten actions.

[The pharmacological effect of betapressin in hypertension]. / Farmakologicheskii éffekt betapressina pri gipertonicheskoi bolezni.

The work analyses the results of treating 20 hypertensive patients with (stage I-II) with betapressin. The drug is shown to be active in causing a significant decrease of systolic and mean arterial pressure. Its hypotensive effect is associated with essential decrease of peripheral vascular resistance. This circumstance, as well as acceleration of the heart rhythm, leads to increase of the cardiac output. Betapressin is recommended for monotherapy of patients suffering from stages I-II hypertension with eu- and hypokinetic types of hemodynamics.

[Chronosensitivity to adelphane-esidrex and sinepres and effectiveness of treatment of patients with hypertension]. / Khronochuvstvitel'nost' k adel'fanu-ézidreksu i sinepresu i éffektivnost' lecheniia bol'nykh gipertonicheskoi bolezn'iu.

24-h trends in central and peripheral circulation in response to pharmacological tests were registered in 40 patients with stage II essential hypertension (EH). Rhythmic patterns of hemodynamic parameters (heart rate, systolic pressure, stroke volume, etc.) sensitivity to adelphane-esidrex were found. Hypotensive effect of this drug was maximal in morning hours because of the fall in arterial pressure due to reduced peripheral resistance. Sinepres chronotherapy given to 18 EH patients turned out superior to conventional treatment (1 pill 3 times a day) given to 20 EH patients. When taken into consideration, chronosensitivity to the above drugs may bring about a reduction in daily and course doses and earlier occurrence of a hypotensive effect.

[Clinico-pharmacological research in studying the chronosensitivity to clofelin of hypertension patients]. / Kliniko-farmakologicheskie issledovaniia po izucheniiu khronochuvstvitel'nosti k klofelinu bol'nykh gipertonicheskoi bolezn'iu.

In a group of 25 patients with Stage II hypertensive disease, circulatory changes occurring with clofelin, 0.075 mg, were studied in various periods of a day (07.30 a. m. and 0.30, 6.30, and 8.30 p. m.) during acute clinical and pharmacological testing. The findings are indicative of the rhythm of clofelin chronosensitivity, showing its hemodynamic antihypertensive effect provision to be the most beneficial for the body at 6.30 p. m. and to be less at 0.30 p. m.

[The optimization of Capoten treatment by taking into account its chronosensitivity in hypertension patients]. / Optimizatsiia lecheniia kapotenom s uchetom khronochuvstvitel'nosti k nemu bol'nykh gipertonicheskoi bolezn'iu.

The trial was made of Capoten used according to the conventional scheme (14 patients) against the drug regimen chronosensitivity-adjusted (15 patients). All the patients had essential hypertension stage II. When used at the hours of the greatest sensitivity, Capoten proved more effective this permitting lower single, daily and course doses administration, hypotensive effect occurred in shorter period of time. The effect was produced via a marked fall in peripheral vascular resistance.

[New approaches to an understanding of hemodynamic norms]. / Novye podkhody k ponimaniiu gemodinamicheskoi normy.

Tetrapolar rheography was used to investigate central hemodynamics parameters in a group of 80 healthy subjects aged 25-68. Hyperkinetic, eukinetic and hypokinetic types of circulation were determined by interval distribution according to cardiac index. The proportion of the examinees by their hemodynamic type was: 16.3:63.7:20.0%. In hyperkinetic type the optimal level of average blood pressure was provided by a relatively high cardiac output (CO) and low total and specific peripheral resistance (TPR, SPR). The hypokinetic type of hemodynamics was characterized by a low level of CO and a high value of TPR and SPR. Subjects with eukinetic hemodynamic type were in an intermediate position. It is suggested to take into consideration the hemodynamic type in hypertensive subjects for drug selection and treatment control.

[Correlation between the indicators of blood coagulation and lipid metabolism in patients with stenocardia during the 24-hour period]. / Korreliatsionnye sviazi mezhdu pokazatelliami gemokoaguliatsii i lipidnogo obmena u bol'nykh stenokardiei v techenie sutok.

The correlation between the main parameters of blood coagulation and lipid metabolism were examined dynamically during 24 hours in 49 patients with angina pectoris. Circadian fluctuations of varying degrees of direct and inverse correlation were found in the concentration of cholesterol, beta-lipoproteins, non-esterified fatty acids, lecitin, total lipids, triglycerids, on the one hand, and the level of free heparin, the fibrinolytic activity, fibrinogen, thrombine time, platelets count in 1 mm3 of blood, on the other hand.