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1.
PLoS One ; 15(5): e0232582, 2020.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32392216

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Kinshasa is Africa's third largest city and one of the continent's most rapidly growing urban areas. PMA2020 data showed that Kinshasa has a modern contraceptive prevalence of 26.5% among married women in 2018. In Kinshasa's method mix, the contraceptive implant recently became the dominant method among contraceptive users married and in union. This study provides insight into patterns of implant use in a high-fertility setting by evaluating the 24-month continuation rate for Implanon NXT and identifying the characteristics associated with discontinuation. METHODOLOGY: This community-based, prospective cohort study followed 531 Implanon users aged 18-49 years at 6, 12 and 24 months. The following information was collected: socio-demographic characteristics, Method Information Index (MII) and contraceptive history. The main outcome variable for this study was implant discontinuation. The incidence rate of discontinuation is presented as events per 1000 person/months (p-m), from the date of enrolment. The Cox proportional hazards modelling was used to measure predictors of discontinuation. RESULTS: A total of 9158.13 p-m were available for analysis, with an overall incidence rate of 9.06 (95% CI: 9.04-9.08) removals per 1000 p-m. Of nine possible co-variates tested, the likelihood of discontinuation was higher among women who lived in military camps, had less than three children, never used injectables or implants in the past, had experienced heavy/prolonged bleeding, and whose MII score was less than 3. CONCLUSION: In addition to four client characteristics that predicted discontinuation, we identified one programmatic factor: quality of counseling as measured by the Method Information Index. Community providers in similar contexts should pay more attention to clients having less than three children, new adopters, and to clients living military camps as underserved population, where clients have less access to health facilities. More targeted counselling and follow-up is needed, especially on bleeding patterns.


Assuntos
Anticoncepção/efeitos adversos , Adolescente , Adulto , Anticoncepção/métodos , Comportamento Contraceptivo , República Democrática do Congo , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Próteses e Implantes/efeitos adversos , Adulto Jovem
2.
Eur J Clin Nutr ; 2017 Aug 23.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28832571

RESUMO

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Zinc is a negative acute-phase reactant; hence, its concentration decreases in the presence of inflammation. There is no current consensus on how to control for the effect of inflammation on serum zinc, which has implications for accurate estimates of population-level zinc status. We aimed to measure the association between inflammation and serum zinc concentrations and to compare the means and the prevalence of zinc deficiency using unadjusted and inflammation-adjusted serum zinc concentrations among Congolese children. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Non-fasting blood was collected in the afternoon in trace element-free vacutainers from 744 apparently healthy children aged 6-59 months in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Serum was analyzed for zinc, C-reactive protein (CRP) and α-1 acid glycoprotein (AGP) for 665 children with complete data for all three biomarkers. Linear regression was used to generate correction factors (CFs) based on three stages of inflammation: incubation (CRP >5 mg/l and normal AGP), early convalescence (CRP >5 mg/l and AGP >1 g/l) and late convalescence (AGP >1 g/l and normal CRP), relative to no inflammation. RESULTS: Overall unadjusted mean±s.d. serum zinc concentration was 9.4±2.1 µmol/l. Study-generated CFs (95% confidence interval) for incubation, early and late convalescence were 1.01 (0.88, 1.14), 1.15 (1.11, 1.21) and 1.07 (1.03, 1.11), respectively. After applying the CFs, overall adjusted mean±s.d. serum zinc concentration was 10.1±2.2 µmol/l, and prevalence of zinc deficiency (<8.7 µmol/l) decreased from 35% (n=234/665) to 24% (n=160/665). CONCLUSIONS: Adjustment of zinc concentrations for inflammation is warranted when assessing population-level zinc status.European Journal of Clinical Nutrition advance online publication, 23 August 2017; doi:10.1038/ejcn.2017.127.

3.
Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique ; 63(6): 387-93, 2015 Dec.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26547669

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The study aimed to determine the clinical forms of tuberculosis and therapeutic outcome of anti-tuberculosis treatment in the context of HIV-tuberculosis co-infection. METHODS: A retrospective cohort of 120 HIV-positive patients with tuberculosis and 297 HIV-negative patients with tuberculosis attending the Kabinda Center was followed from 2010 to June, 30th 2013. The logistic regression model identified the determinants of a defavorable outcome after initiation of tuberculostatics. RESULTS: The proportion of female patients was higher in the co-infected group compared with the non-co-infected group (60.8% versus 42.7%, P<0.001). HIV-seropositive patients had more forms of pulmonary smear-negative (39.2% versus 25.3%, P<0.002) and extra-pulmonary (38% versus 35%, P<0.002) tuberculosis than HIV-negative patients. HIV-positive serology (OR: 3.13, 95%CI: 1.72-5.69) and age of patients more than 41 years (OR: 3.15, 95%CI: 1.36-7.29) were associated with an unfavorable outcome. CONCLUSION: This study highlights the usefulness of a systematically determining immunological status in co-infected patients and a timely and systematic ARV treatment, together with early diagnosis of tuberculosis. It also emphasizes the importance of adherence to support measures in order to improve tuberculosis treatment outcomes in co-infected patients.


Assuntos
Antituberculosos/uso terapêutico , Coinfecção/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Tuberculose/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Coinfecção/epidemiologia , República Democrática do Congo/epidemiologia , Feminino , Infecções por HIV/complicações , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , HIV-1 , Humanos , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento , Tuberculose/complicações , Tuberculose/epidemiologia , Adulto Jovem
4.
Mali Med ; 30(2): 25-32, 2015.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29927142

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To identify predictors of cesarean delivery in the Kinkanda general hospital. METHOD: Cross-sectional study conducted from 1st January 2012 to 31st December 2012, on women in labor who delivered at the maternity of Kinkanda. Predictors of cesarean delivery were identified by using binary logistic regression. RESULTS: A uterine height of at least 33 cm at induction of labor (AOR 3.93 95% CI 2.04 to 7.59; p <0.001), primiparity (AOR 2.1 95%CI:1.06 to 4.15; p = 0.033), non-membership of the pregnant woman to this particular health center area (AOR 4.26 95%CI 2.16 to 8.42; p <0.001) and a weight of the newborn of at least 4000g (AOR 7.8 95%CI 2.3 to 26.44; p <0.001) were identified as risk factors for cesarean delivery. CONCLUSION: Primiparity, uterine height of at least 33 cm, living in another health area than the Matadi area and fetal macrosomia are the main predictors of cesarean delivery during the year 2012 at the Kinkanda general hospital.


OBJECTIF: Identifier les prédicteurs de l'accouchement par césarienne à l'Hôpital Général de Kinkanda. MÉTHODE: Etude transversale analytique réalisée du 01 janvier au 31 décembre 2012, auprès de parturientes ayant accouché à la maternité de l'Hôpital Général de Kinkanda. Les variables prédictives de l'accouchement par césarienne ont été mises en évidence à l'aide d'une régression logistique binaire. RÉSULTATS: Une hauteur utérine d'au moins 33 cm au déclenchement du travail (ORA : 3,93 IC95% : 2,04 ­ 7,59 ; p < 0,001), la primiparité (ORA :2,1 IC95% :1,06 ­ 4,15 ; p= 0,033), la non appartenance de la parturiente à la zone de santé (ORA : 4,26 IC95% : 2,16 ­ 8,42 ; p < 0,001) et le poids du nouveau- né avec au moins 4000g (ORA : 7,8 IC95% : 2,3 ­ 26,44 ; p< 0,001) ont été identifiés comme des facteurs prédictifs de l'accouchement par césarienne. CONCLUSION: La primiparité, la hauteur utérine d'au moins 33 cm, l'appartenance à une autre zone de santé que celle de l'Hôpital Général de Kinkanda et la macrosomie fœtale sont les principaux prédicteurs de la césarienne au cours de l'année 2012 à l'Hôpital Général de Référence de Kinkanda.

5.
Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique ; 62(3): 201-6, 2014 Jun.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24880569

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The study aimed to identify factors associated with the survival of patients receiving antiretroviral therapy. METHODS: A historic cohort of HIV patients from two major hospitals in Goma (Democratic Republic of Congo) was followed from 2004 to 2012. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to describe the probability of survival as a function of time since inclusion into the cohort. The log-rank test was used to compare survival curves based on determinants. The Cox regression model identified the determinants of survival since treatment induction. RESULTS: The median follow-up time was 3.56 years (IQR=2.22-5.39). The mortality rate was 40 deaths per 1000 person-years. Male gender (RR: 2.56; 95 %CI 1.66-4.83), advanced clinical stage (RR: 2.12; 95 %CI 1.15-3.90), low CD4 count (CD4 < 50) (RR: 2.05; 95 %CI : 1.22-3.45), anemia (RR: 3.95; 95 %CI 2.60-6.01), chemoprophylaxis with cotrimoxazole (RR: 4.29, 95 % CI 2.69-6.86) and period of treatment initiation (2010-2011) (RR: 3.34; 95 %CI 1.24-8.98) were statistically associated with short survival. CONCLUSION: Initiation of treatment at an early stage of the disease with use of less toxic molecules and an increased surveillance especially of male patients are recommended to reduce mortality.


Assuntos
Terapia Antirretroviral de Alta Atividade , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por HIV/mortalidade , Adulto , Terapia Antirretroviral de Alta Atividade/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos de Coortes , República Democrática do Congo/epidemiologia , Fatores Epidemiológicos , Feminino , HIV-1 , Humanos , Perda de Seguimento , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Taxa de Sobrevida
6.
Mali Med ; 29(4): 59-63, 2014.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30049118

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Neonatal mortality is a sensitive indicator of the availability, use and effectiveness of obstetric and neonatal care. Prematurity is the leading cause of death in the neonatal period. In the DRC, prematurity remains a major public health problem. The objective of this study was to identify determinants of perinatal mortality premature to university clinics in Kinshasa. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study involving 192 preterm infants to university clinics in Kinshasa from January 2009 to December 2011. Perinatal mortality premature to university clinics was estimated and logistic regression was used to identify the determinants. RESULTS: During the study period, premature mortality was 15.2% (95% CI 9.7 to 20.7). Determinants of perinatal mortality were: the birth weight of less than 1500g (OR: 5.66, 95% CI 1.87 to 17.1, p = 0.002) and gestational age. The premature 28 to 31 were more likely to die prematurely compared to 34 to 36 weeks gestation (OR 5.58, 95% CI: 1.23 to 25.3, p = 0.026) as well as premature of 32 to 33 were more likely to die prematurely compared to 34 to 36 weeks gestation (OR 6.46, 95% CI: 1.55 to 26.9, p = 0.01). CONCLUSION: Given its status as the tertiary level, a strengthening of technical support university clinics in Kinshasa is of prime importance for the care of premature infants, especially prématurisim and those with less than 1500 g.


CONTEXTE: La mortalité néonatale est un indicateur sensible de la disponibilité, de l'utilisation et de l'efficacité des soins obstétricaux et néonataux. La prématurité est la première cause de décès en période néonatale. En RDC, la prématurité reste encore un problème majeur de santé publique. L'objectif de cette étude était d'identifier les déterminants de la mortalité périnatale de prématuré aux cliniques universitaires de Kinshasa. MÉTHODES: Il s'agissait d'une étude transversale incluant 192 prématurés nés aux cliniques universitaires de Kinshasa de janvier 2009 à décembre 2011. La mortalité périnatale des prématurés aux cliniques universitaires a été estimée et la régression logistique a permis d'en identifier les déterminants. RÉSULTATS: Durant la période étudiée, La mortalité des prématurés était de 15,2%(IC95%: 9,7 à 20,7). Les déterminants de la mortalité périnatale du prématuré étaient: le poids à la naissance de moins de 1500g (OR: 5,66; IC95%: 1,87 ­ 17,1; p= 0,002) et l'âge gestationnel. Le prématuré de 28 à 31 avait plus de probabilité de décéder par rapport au prématuré de 34 à 36 semaines gestationnel (OR: 5,58; IC 95%: 1,23 ­ 25,3; p = 0,026) de même que le prématuré de 32 à 33 avait plus de probabilité de décéder par rapport au prématuré de 34 à 36 semaines gestationnel (OR: 6,46; IC 95%: 1,55 ­ 26,9; p = 0,01). CONCLUSION: Vu son statut du niveau tertiaire, un renforcement du plateau technique des cliniques universitaires de Kinshasa s'avère primordial pour la prise en charge des prématurés, particulièrement le prématurisime et ceux ayant moins de 1500 g.

7.
Ann. afr. méd. (En ligne) ; 5(3): 1068-1074, 2012. tab
Artigo em Francês | AIM (África) | ID: biblio-1259165

RESUMO

Contexte. Le paludisme est un probleme majeur de sante publique en Republique Democratique du Congo. L'utilisation de la moustiquaire impregnee d'insecticide (MII) compte parmi les options les plus efficaces retenues pour lutter contre ce fleau. Cette pratique est encore faible dans la communaute et loin d'approcher le seuil de 60fixe par le sommet d'Abuja. Objectif. Identifier les determinants de l'utilisation de la MII par les enfants de moins de cinq ans a Kinshasa Materiel et methodes. Etude de type transversale; conduite entre le 05 et le 20 aout 2008; dans la zone de sante de Lemba a Kinshasa; sur un echantillon de 299 menages. L'unite statistique retenue dans l'etude etait le menage disposant d'au moins un enfant de moins de cinq ans. La prevalence de l'utilisation de la MII a ete estimee; et la regression logistique a permis d'en identifier les determinants. Resultats. La frequence d'utilisation de la MII dans la population d'etude etait de 42;5(IC95: 36;9 - 48;1). Les determinants de son utilisation identifies etaient : la taille du menage (p= 0;032); l'utilisation d'alternatives a la MII (OR : 0;27 ; IC95:0;15 - 0;48 ; p 0;001) ; l'exposition aux p


Assuntos
Criança , República Democrática do Congo , Mosquiteiros Tratados com Inseticida , Malária
8.
Ann. afr. méd. (En ligne) ; 5(1): 920-925, 2011. ilus
Artigo em Francês | AIM (África) | ID: biblio-1259157

RESUMO

Contexte. La tuberculose et l'infection a VIH/SIDA sont deux problemes majeurs de sante publique en Republique Democratique du Congo. Dans la lutte antituberculeuse; la co-infection VIH/TB pose un probleme en matiere de choix du regime therapeutique; du moment optimal du debut du traitement et pour l'issue du traitement antituberculeux. Cette etude vise a evaluer l'association entre le statut serologique VIH du patient; le traitement par anti-retroviraux (ARV); et l'issue therapeutique sous antituberculeux. Methodes. Une etude de cohorte retrospective portant sur 484 patients; avec tuberculose pulmonaire a frottis positif; depistes et suivis en 2008-2009; a ete realisee dans les 3 centres de sante de diagnostic et de traitement de la Zone de Sante de Matadi. Le test Khi-carre a permis de comparer l'association entre l'issue et la serologie VIH d'une part; et entre l'issue et le traitement antiretroviral pour les co-infectes d'autre part. Le risque relatif a permis de mesurer la force de ces associations. Resultats. L'etude a inclus 484 malades tuberculeux a frottis positif (261 hommes; 223femmes). Un malade tuberculeux sur dix etait VIH+ (10;5; IC95: 7;8- 13;2). Le taux de succes therapeutique parmi les tuberculeux VIH+ etait plus faible que celui des tuberculeux VIH- (72;6 vs 87;8; RR = 0;83[0;69 - 0;98]) et le taux d'issue defavorable parmi les tuberculeux VIH+ etait superieur a celui des tuberculeux VIH- (13;7 vs 6; RR = 2;29[1;04 - 4;99]). L'issue therapeutique des patients co-infectes n'est pas influencee par le traitement antiretroviral. Conclusion. Cette etude a montre que l'issue therapeutique de la tuberculose chez les sujets infectes par le VIH est moins favorable que celle des sujets seronegatifs. L'impact des ARV sur l'issue du traitement antituberculeux n'a pas ete clairement etabli


Assuntos
Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida , Antirretrovirais , República Democrática do Congo , Resultado do Tratamento , Tuberculose Pulmonar/terapia
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