RESUMO
The activity of linezolid (Pfizer, USA) was tested by broth microdilution against 53 clinical isolates of non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), including the common disease producing species Mycobacterium avium, M. intracellulare, M. fortuitum, M. chelonae and M. abscessus, obtained from western Turkey. The isolates of M. abscessus and M. intracellulare were the least susceptible, M. mucogenicum, M. gordonae and M. avium were the most susceptible to linezolid of the common species of NTM. Linezolid showed a variable sensitivity in all strains; therefore, each species and strain must be individually evaluated, and it is always advisable to perform in vitro sensitivity tests before using the drug for human therapy.
Assuntos
Acetamidas/farmacologia , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Infecções por Mycobacterium não Tuberculosas/microbiologia , Micobactérias não Tuberculosas/efeitos dos fármacos , Oxazolidinonas/farmacologia , Determinação de Ponto Final , Humanos , Linezolida , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Micobactérias não Tuberculosas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Especificidade da Espécie , TurquiaRESUMO
A novel PCR-based reverse hybridization method Genotype MTBDR assay (Hain Lifescience GmbH, Nehren, Germany) was evaluated for rapid detection of rifampin (RIF) and isoniazid (INH) resistance in Turkish Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates. The Genotype MTBDR assay is designed to detect mutations within the 81-bp hotspot region of rpoB and mutations at katG codon 315. A total of 41 RIF-resistant M. tuberculosis isolates with rpoB mutations that were previously tested by the INNO-LiPA Rif.TB kit and also characterized by DNA sequencing were included in the study. Thirty-seven of these isolates were also resistant to INH. RIF resistance was correctly identified in 39 of 41 isolates (95.1%) with the Genotype MTBDR assay probes specific for these mutations. One isolate with a Gln-490-His mutation and another one with a CGG insertion between codons 514 and 515 were identified as RIF sensitive by the Genotype MTBDR assay. While the INNO-LiPA Rif.TB kit was able to determine the CGG insertion between codons 514 and 515, the Gln-490-His mutation outside the 81-bp hotspot region was not detected by the INNO-LiPA Rif.TB kit. These isolates had MICs of >or=32 microg/ml for RIF. The Genotype MTBDR assay also correctly identified 27 of 37 INH-resistant isolates (73%) with mutations in katG codon 315. In conclusion, the Genotype MTBDR assay may be useful for the rapid diagnosis of the most common mutations found in multidrug-resistant M. tuberculosis strains. However, the test results should always be confirmed with phenotypic methods.
Assuntos
Farmacorresistência Bacteriana/genética , Isoniazida/farmacologia , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana/métodos , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/efeitos dos fármacos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Rifampina/farmacologia , Substituição de Aminoácidos/genética , Antituberculosos/farmacologia , Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , Catalase/genética , DNA Bacteriano/análise , DNA Bacteriano/genética , RNA Polimerases Dirigidas por DNA , Humanos , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/genética , Hibridização de Ácido Nucleico , Recombinação Genética , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Tuberculose/microbiologia , TurquiaRESUMO
Trichomonas vaginalis is a vaginal protozoon causing the most prevalent nonviral sexually transmitted disease. Culture is considered as the most reliable and gold standard among conventional diagnostic methods in the detection of T. vaginalis. In the present study, the diagnostic effect of subsequent blind culturing of vaginal secretion samples in Diamond's complete medium at every 48 h was investigated in 93 women. Vaginal secretion samples were examined by wet mount and inoculated into Diamond's complete medium. All tubes were subcultured to a new culture tube blindly 5 times at 48-h interval and checked microscopically everyday for the presence of T. vaginalis trophozoites. Three of 93 women were found to be positive both by wet mount and standard culture methods. Five more positive results were detected with subsequent blind culturing among 90 negative results. This system appears to be a useful method for the detection of T. vaginalis.
