Prevalence of positive chronic kidney Disease screening in professional male long haul drivers at risk of cardiovascular Disease in Lagos, Nigeria: a cross-section study.

BACKGROUND: Professional drivers are known to be at high risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) on account of the higher prevalence co-occurring risk factors they harbour. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and CVD share similar risk factors. Both impact each other adversely. The renal profile of professional drivers in Nigeria is not well characterised. We decided to study the prevalence of positive CKD screening amongst professional male long distance drivers in Lagos, Southwest Nigeria so as to quantify the burden and its predictors. METHODS: Two hundred and ninety-three drivers were recruited. Details of their socio-demographic characteristics were obtained. Their anthropometric indices, blood pressure, fasting plasma blood glucose and lipid profile were measured. Serum creatinine was measured and estimated glomerular filtration rate, eGFR, was calculated with Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation. Urinary Albumin Creatinine Ratio (UACR) was determined. A 10 year CVD risk of the subjects was calculated with the Framingham Risk Score (FRS). RESULTS: Mean age of the study population was 44.8 + 9.7 years. The prevalence of alcohol use and smoking were 71.0 and 19.5% respectively. One hundred and twenty-one (62.8%) of the subjects were either overweight or obese while 70(24.1%) had abdominal obesity. The prevalence of hypertension and diabetes were 39.7 and 13.9% respectively. Prevalence of CKD by eGFR< 60 ml/min/1.73m2 or UACR > 30 mg/g was 51.7% (95% CI; 46.0-57.5). The odds for CKD increased with lower HDL-c levels; OR 3.5 (95% CI, 1.1-11.2; p = 0.03) and longer duration of professional driving > 20 years; OR 2.4(95% CI, 1.5-4.0). CONCLUSION: Professional male long distance drivers in addition to having very high prevalence of clustering of both CVD and CKD risk factors have a significant burden of asymptomatic CKD. UACR appears to be an earlier marker of CKD in this population. Health awareness promotion and aggressive risk factor reduction are advocated as ways to reduce this burden.

A rare case of an isolated aneurysmal supravalvar mitral ring in a young Nigerian adult: a cor-triatriatum mimic.

Supravalvar mitral ring is a rare congenital abnormality characterized by a ridge of connective tissue located above the mitral valve. It is a cause of congenital mitral stenosis typically presenting in childhood and usually associated with other cardiac abnormalities. We report the rare case of a 24-year-old male presenting with an isolated aneurysmal supravalvar mitral ring. He presented at the emergency room with a 2-week history of worsening heart failure symptoms and antecedent effort intolerance of 4 years duration. He was referred from a primary care facility with an echo diagnosis of cor-triatriatum. Echocardiography done at our centre revealed an isolated aneurysmal supravalvar mitral ring of the intramitral variant. This report highlights the unusual isolated presentation of a supravalvar mitral ring in a young adult and the need to carefully differentiate it from cor-triatriatum, a possible close mimic.

Prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors among professional male long-distance bus drivers in Lagos, south-west Nigeria: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Professional drivers are known to be at high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study was carried out to highlight these risk factors and their predictors among male long-distance professional bus drivers in Lagos, south-west Nigeria, with a view to improving health awareness in this group. METHOD: Socio-demographic data, anthropometric indices, blood pressure, fasting plasma blood glucose levels and lipid and physical activity profiles of 293 drivers were measured. RESULTS: Mean age of the study population was 48 ± 9.7 years; 71.0 and 19.5% of the drivers used alcohol and were smokers, respectively; and 50.9% were physically inactive. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 41.7 and 21.1%, respectively, while 39.7 and 13.9% were hypertensive and diabetic, respectively. Ninety (31.3%) subjects had impaired fasting glucose levels while 56.3% had dyslipidaemia. Predictors of hypertension were age and body mass index (BMI). BMI only was a predictor of abnormal glucose profile. CONCLUSION: Professional male long-distance bus drivers in this study showed a high prevalence of a cluster of risk factors for CVD.