Evaluation of the Incidence of Anal Fissures in Patients who Systemic Isotretinoin Therapy for Acne.

INTRODUCTION: Isotretinoin is an effective drug widely used in the treatment of severe acne. In this study, we tried to evaluate the incidence of anal fissures with clinical and laboratory side effects associated with isotretinoin. METHODS: The study evaluated 210 patients who received systemic isotretinoin treatment. Especially patients with constipation and anal bleeding were evaluated by the General Surgery clinic to arrange appropriate treatments. RESULTS: Of 210 patients included in the study, 138 (65.7%) were female and 72 (34.3%) were male, with a mean age of 23.7 years. The most common adverse event was dry lips in 206 (98.1%) patients. The mucocutaneous side effects were constipation 36 (17.1%), anal bleeding 18 (8.6%), mucosal erosion 10 (4.7%), anal fissure 7 (3.3%). Treatment was discontinued due to elevated liver function tests in 5 patients (2.3%), and because anal bleeding could not be controlled in 1 patient. CONCLUSIONS: Isotretinoin is the most effective acne medicine used today. Clarification of the patients about the rarely seen side effects such as dryness, erosion, fissure and bleeding in the anal mucosa in addition to the common mucocutaneous side effects will ensure that patients are more cautious and increase their tolerance to the treatment.

Oral mucosal and skin lesions observed in the first 48 hr in newborns.

BACKGROUND: Newborn period is a definition used for the first 4 weeks of life and it has some different characteristics compared with adult skin. AIMS: In this study, we tried to define the pathological and physiological skin manifestations and demographic data observed in newborns PATIENTS/METHODS: In this study, newborns born between 2018 and 2019 were evaluated prospectively. Along with demographic findings, temporary neonatal skin manifestations, congenital spots, benign neonatal pustulosis, congenital anomalies and other lesions were statistically evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 2109 newborns, consisting of 1157 (54.9%) boys and 952 (45.1%) girls, were enrolled in the study. 94% of the newborns evaluated had at least one skin lesion. The most common skin manifestations in the study were Epstein pearls at a rate of 49.4%. This was followed by salmon patch (38.4%), Mongolian spot (20.1%), edema in the eyelids (15.5%), lanugo (15.4%), and erythema toxicum neonatarum (11.6%), respectively. CONCLUSION: Several studies on dermatological findings observed in newborns have been conducted in many different countries around the world. In this study, we tried to identify many temporary and pathological skin manifestations and congenital anomalies observed in the first 48 h in newborns.

Patients with idiopathic granulomatous mastitis accompanied by erythema nodosum.

BACKGROUND: Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a rare, chronic inflammatory disease of the breast. The aetiology is unknown. Erythema nodosum (EN) is a rare skin disease associated with IGM. EN is a disease in which the aetiologic factors include infection, malignancy, autoimmune diseases, and pregnancy. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the incidence and coexistence of EN with IGM and the approach to treatment. METHODS: Patients who were admitted to the General Surgery and Dermatology Department of our hospital and diagnosed with EN and IGM were evaluated. Demographic data, symptoms, examination findings, number of birth, smoking, diagnosis and treatment methods, recurrence, and follow-up periods of the patients were evaluated. RESULTS: EN was seen in six of the patients admitted to the clinic for IGM. Four patients with EN had pregnancy and all had arthritis. Two patients were not pregnant. Oral methylprednisolone treatment was started in patients whose IGM diagnosis was verified pathologically. CONCLUSION: IGM may be associated with extramammary symptoms such as EN, arthralgia, and episcleritis. These extramammary findings suggest that IGM may be an autoimmune disease. For this reason, breast examination and history of IGM of the breast should be questioned in female patients admitted to different clinics with EN. This way, delays in the diagnosis and treatment of IGM can be prevented.

Herpes Zoster in children: Evaluation of the sixty cases.

Herpes Zoster (HZ), caused by the reactivation of the latent Varicella Zoster Virus infection is a disease that may rarely develop in childhood. HZ is considered to be a disease of adult, but recent reports show an increase in the number of cases in childhood. This study was designed to evaluate the demographic and clinical features of children with HZ. Data from patients under 18 years of age that were diagnosed with HZ at two different dermatology outpatient clinics were retrospectively evaluated between October 2012 and December 2018. Out of 60 cases enrolled in the study, 37 were male and 23 were female. The mean age of patients was 8 ± 4.93 years. Of all the cases, 46 had a history of chickenpox. Three patients had been vaccinated against chickenpox. Itching, observed in 48 subjects, was the most common symptom, while 38 subjects complained of pain. Acyclovir was prescribed as antiviral therapy in 33 cases. None of the cases showed any complication. HZ may occur in healthy children without any immunosuppression, too. Pain in children is less common than in adults whereas, itching is more frequent. Complications are rare in these subjects.

Dermoscopic features and types of orf and milker's nodule.

INTRODUCTION: Orf and milker's nodule are zoonotic cutaneous diseases generated by parapoxviruses. Contribution of dermoscopy to the diagnosis of these diseases has not been studied in the medical literature as to our knowledge. AIM: To investigate whether dermoscopy is a valuable diagnostic tool in orf and milker's nodule diagnosis or not. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this study, macroscopic and dermoscopic features have been evaluated by including 46 lesions of 32 patients who have orf and milker's nodule. RESULTS: 56.5% (26) of lesions were orf, while 43.5% (20) of lesions were milker's nodule (MN). Non-vascular dermoscopic structures have been determined as follows: blue-gray area (23.1% of orf, 35% of MN), orange-yellow streaks (19.2% of orf, 19.2% of MN), grayish-whitish streaks (26.9% of orf, 55% of MN), central yellow-white area (26.9% of orf, 35% of MN), crust (46.2% of orf, 40% of MN), erosion-ulceration (69.2% of orf, 55% of MN), yellow-white globule (11.5% of orf, 15% of MN), and yellow-white ring (57.7% of orf, 35% of MN). Limitations: Lack of PCR analysis, based of patient anamnesis types of orf and milker's nodule. CONCLUSIONS: No significant dermoscopic differences have been determined between orf and milker's nodule patients' lesions. In our opinion, dermoscopy may be a useful tool to develop diagnosis of these diseases.

Prevalence of skin disorders among primary school children in Diyarbakir, Turkey.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of childhood dermatoses in Diyarbakir, which is located in the southeastern region of Turkey. MATERIAL AND METHOD: This cross-sectional study was carried out in April 2008 among students of eight randomly selected public primary schools in Diyarbakir. Students were examined and questionnaire was applied to determine socioeconomic levels and socio-demographic features. RESULTS: A total of 1932 students were examined by dermatologists. Nine hundred and fifty three (49.32%) girls, mean age was 11.06±2.13 (range 6-17). The overall point prevalence of skin disorders was 59.1%. Among this sample 776 children (40.2%) had only one skin disease whereas 299 (15.5%) had two and 67 (3.5%) had at least three. The point prevalence of skin disorders was 33.1% among students in grade 1 and 78.9% among students in grade 8 (p<0.05). The most common skin disease was eczema (32.8%), followed by pigmentation disorders (17.2%), skin infections (13.4%), scalp disorders (10.1%) and acne vulgaris (9.6%). Infectious skin problems, pigmentation disorders, hair and scalp disorders and acne vulgaris were more common among girls compared to boys (p<0.05). In addition, infectious skin problems were more common among boarders (p<0.05) compared to day students. CONCLUSION: Skin disorders affected 59.1% of the studied children. Skin disorders were more common among girls and boarders in this study, this group of children should be given specific attention in formulating preventive measures.

Prevalence of skin disorders among primary school children in Diyarbakir, Turkey. / Prevalence of skin disorders among primary school children in Diyarbakir, Turkey.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of childhood dermatoses in Diyarbakir, which is located in the southeastern region of Turkey. MATERIAL AND METHOD: This cross-sectional study was carried out in April 2008 among students of eight randomly selected public primary schools in Diyarbakir. Students were examined and questionnaire was applied to determine socioeconomic levels and socio-demographic features. RESULTS: A total of 1932 students were examined by dermatologists. Nine hundred and fifty three (49.32

) girls, mean age was 11.06±2.13 (range 6-17). The overall point prevalence of skin disorders was 59.1

. Among this sample 776 children (40.2

) had only one skin disease whereas 299 (15.5

) had two and 67 (3.5

) had at least three. The point prevalence of skin disorders was 33.1

among students in grade 1 and 78.9

among students in grade 8 (p<0.05). The most common skin disease was eczema (32.8

), followed by pigmentation disorders (17.2

), skin infections (13.4

), scalp disorders (10.1

) and acne vulgaris (9.6

). Infectious skin problems, pigmentation disorders, hair and scalp disorders and acne vulgaris were more common among girls compared to boys (p<0.05). In addition, infectious skin problems were more common among boarders (p<0.05) compared to day students. CONCLUSION: Skin disorders affected 59.1

of the studied children. Skin disorders were more common among girls and boarders in this study, this group of children should be given specific attention in formulating preventive measures.