Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 3 de 3
Filtrar
Mais filtros











Intervalo de ano de publicação
1.
Afr. J. Clin. Exp. Microbiol ; 23(4): 358-368, 2022. tables
Artigo em Inglês | AIM (África) | ID: biblio-1396680

RESUMO

Background: The family Enterobacteriaceae belongs to the order Enterobacterales, a large diverse group of Gramnegative, facultatively anaerobic bacteria that sometimes cause multidrug-resistant infections which treatment options are often challenging. They are the leading cause of nosocomial bloodstream infection (BSI) and urinary tract infections (UTI). The objective of the study was to carry out a point-prevalence survey of antimicrobial resistance and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) clinical isolates in two hospitals in Kuwait and Nigeria. Methodology: Clinically significant bacterial isolates of patients from Kuwait and Nigeria, identified by VITEK-2 and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry analysis were studied. Susceptibility testing of selected antibiotics was performed using E-test and broth dilution methods. Genes encoding carbapenemase, ß-lactamases, and extended-spectrum ßlactamases (ESBLs) were detected by conventional PCR and sequencing, and whole genome sequencing (WGS) analyses. Results: Of 400 isolates from Kuwait and Nigeria, 188 (47.0%) and 218 (54.5%) were Escherichia coli and 124 (31.0%) and 116 (29.0%) Klebsiella pneumoniae, respectively. The prevalence of CRE was 14.0% in Kuwait and 8.0% in Nigeria. The resistance rates of CRE isolates against colistin and tigecycline in Kuwait were 6.6% versus 25.0%, and in Nigeria were 14.2% versus 14.2%, respectively. blaOXA-181 gene was the commonest in CRE isolates in Kuwait and blaNDM-7 in Nigeria. The commonest ESBL gene among the CRE isolates was blaCTX-M-15 in both countries. AmpC resistance genes were present in only Kuwait isolates and mediated by blaEBC, blaCIT and blaDHA. WGS analysis of 12 selected CRE isolates with carbapenem MICs>32µg/ml but no detectable genes from conventional PCR, revealed the presence of multidrug efflux pump genes such as major facilitator superfamily antibiotic efflux pump and resistance-nodulation-cell division antibiotic efflux pump groups. Conclusion: The prevalence of CRE was higher among isolates from Kuwait than Nigeria and the genes encoding resistance in CRE were different. The presence of efflux pump was a main mechanism of resistance in most of the Nigerian CRE isolates.


Assuntos
Humanos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Fator 2 Ativador da Transcrição , Prevalência , Kuweit
2.
Ann Burns Fire Disasters ; 26(1): 30-5, 2013 Mar 31.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23966896

RESUMO

Our society has empowered parents to care for their children and take legally binding decisions on their behalf. One of the areas where such decision making is required is in medical care when a child's health is at stake. Three cases of child abuse and neglect were identified and reported. Literature searches were done to identify cases of child abuse in Kuwait using Medline and PubMed. News of child abuse was searched for using search engines (bbc.co.uk, cnn.com, and foxnews.com). The British Child Protection Act and the Kuwaiti Criminal Prosecution Code were studied. Child abuse and neglect exist in Kuwait and are probably underreported. The laws in Kuwait are designed to punish child abuse once it has occurred rather than aiming at preventing it. It is reported that 75% of those responsible for child abuse are the parents. They retain full authority to restrict medical access. Medical staff are offered very limited support and are restricted as to what they can achieve due to the Kuwaiti legal infrastructure, which should be amended so as to protect children rather than prosecute offenders. A local authority has to be established and empowered to investigate, report, and act when suspicions of child abuse arise.


Notre société a habilité les parents à s'occuper de leurs enfants et de prendre des décisions juridiquement contraignantes en leur nom. L'un des domaines où une telle prise de décision est nécessaire, c'est dans les soins médicaux lorsque la santé de l'enfant est en cause. Trois cas d'abus et de négligence envers des enfants ont été identifiés et signalés. Des recherches documentaires ont été effectuées pour identifier les cas de maltraitance d'enfants au Koweït en utilisant Medline et PubMed. Les informations sur les abus en âge pédiatrique ont été recherchées en utilisant les moteurs de recherche bbc.co.uk, cnn.com et foxnews.com. La loi sur la protection des enfants dans le Royaume Uni et le Code de procédure criminelle koweïtienne ont été étudiés. La maltraitance des enfants et la négligence existent au Koweït et sont probablement sous-estimées. Les lois du Koweït visent à punir la maltraitance des enfants une fois vérifiée plutôt que de viser à la prévenir. Il est rapporté que 75% des responsables de la maltraitance des enfants sont les parents, qui conservent tous les pouvoirs pour limiter l'accès médical. Le personnel médical possède un soutien très limité et sont limités quant à ce qu'ils peuvent réaliser grâce à l'infrastructure juridique du Koweït. L'infrastructure juridique du pays Koweït doit être modifiée pour protéger les enfants plutôt que de poursuivre les contrevenants. Une autorité locale doit être établie et habilitée à enquêter, rapporter et agir lorsque les soupçons de maltraitance surviennent.

3.
Ann Burns Fire Disasters ; 25(4): 178-87, 2012 Dec 31.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23766750

RESUMO

Aim To determine the epidemiology and clinical presentation, and any contributing factors responsible for burns and outcome of care in Kuwait over the 5-yr period January 2006 to December 2010. Patients and methods. The study reviewed 1702 burn patients admitted over the study period to the Saud Al Babtain Burns, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Center, Kuwait. Patient characteristics, including age, sex, type of burn, nationality, total body surface area (TBSA) burn, hospital stay in days, and mortality were recorded. Results. Seventy-one per cent of the 1702 burn patients admitted were males; 540 were children. The majority of patients (64%) had less than 15% TBSA burns and only 14% had more than 50% TBSA burns. Flame burns were the most common cause of burn injuries (60%), followed by scalds (29%). Scalds were most common in children. The mortality rate was 5.75%. Flame burn was the leading cause of mortality. Lethal dose 50 (% TBSA at which a certain group has a 50% chance of survival) for adults (16-40 yr) and for the elderly (>65 yr) was 76.5% and 41.8% TBSA respectively. Conclusion. Burn injury is an important public health concern and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Flame and scald burns are commonly a result of domestic and occupational accidents and they are preventable. Effective initial resuscitation, infection control, and adequate surgical treatment improve outcomes.


Objectif. Déterminer l'épidémiologie et décrire la présentation clinique et les éventuels facteurs responsables des brûlures et des résultats des soins au Koweït au cours des dernières cinq années. Patients et méthodes. Un nombre total de 1702 patients brûlés hospitalisés dans le Centre de Chirurgie Plastique et Reconstructive Saud Al Babtain au Koweït Center entre janvier 2006 et décembre 2010 ont été pris en considération. Les caractéristiques des patients (âge, sexe, type de brûlure, nationalité, surface corporelle totale (SCT) brûlée, journées de séjour à l'hôpital, mortalité) ont été enregistrées. Résultats. Soixante-et-un pour cent des 1702 patients brûlés hospitalisés étaient des hommes; 540 patients étaient des enfants. La majorité des patients (64%) avaient des brûlures en moins de 15% de la SCT et seulement 14% avaient plus de 50%. Les flammes étaient la cause la plus commune des brûlures (60%), suivies par les brûlures (29%). Les ébouillantements étaient plus fréquents chez les enfants. Le taux de mortalité était de 5,75%. Les brûlures dues aux flammes étaient la principale cause de la mortalité. La dose létale 50 pour les adultes (16-40 ans) et pour les personnes âgées (> 65 ans) était respectivement de 76,5 et de 41,8% SCT. Conclusion. La brûlures constitue un important problème de santé publique et est associée à une morbidité et une mortalité élevée. Les brûlures dues aux flammes et aux ébouillantements sont souvent provoquées par des accidents domestiques. Pour améliorer les résultats il faut avoir une réanimation initiale efficace, un bon contrôle de l'infection et un traitement chirurgical adéquat.

SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA