RESUMO
Small extracellular (EV) particles known as exosomes are released by a variety of cell types, including immune system cells, stem cells, and tumor cells. They are regarded as a subgroup of EVs and have a diameter that ranges from 30 to 150 nm. Proteins, lipids, nucleic acids (including RNA and DNA), and different bioactive compounds are among the wide range of biomolecules that make up the cargo of exosomes. Exosomes are crucial for intercellular communication because they let cells share information and signaling chemicals. They are involved in various physiological and pathological processes, including immune responses, tissue regeneration, cancer progression, and neurodegenerative diseases. In conclusion, it is essential to continue research into exosome-based cancer medicines to advance understanding, improve treatment plans, create personalized tactics, ensure safety, and speed up clinical translation.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Colorretais , Exossomos , Vesículas Extracelulares , MicroRNAs , Humanos , MicroRNAs/genética , MicroRNAs/uso terapêutico , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Exossomos/genética , Exossomos/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais , Comunicação Celular , Neoplasias Colorretais/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Colorretais/genética , Neoplasias Colorretais/terapia , Vesículas Extracelulares/metabolismoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The aim: The present study aims to study the effect of DMF on ciprofloxacin-induced liver damage as assessed by liver function and liver pathology and to study this effect if it is thought to activate the Nrf2 antioxidant defense mechanism. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: G1 (control), G2 (ciprofloxacin group), G3 and G4 (two DMF groups rats treated with DMF 50mg and 100mg), and G5 and G6 (two DMF groups rats treated with DMF 50mg and 100mg) (two ciprofloxacin Plus DMF at 50 mg and 100 mg). The tests included study of liver function, Nrf2 analysis, and anti-oxidant enzyme analysis. RESULTS: Results: The serum blood Nrf2, HO-1, and tissue anti-oxidant enzymes all increased after ciprofloxacin treatment. The serum levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 were higher in the ciprofloxacin plus DMF groups, but anti-oxidant enzymes were lower. DMF increased Nrf2 expression in rats when ciprofloxacin caused hepatotoxicity. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: DMF lowers experimental hepatotoxicity in vivo. This effect is thought to activate the Nrf2 antioxidant defense mechanism.
