RESUMO
The exposure rates due to external gamma radiation were measured in 11 Iraqi governerates. Measurements were performed with an Environmental Monitoring System (RSS-111) in open air 1 m above the ground. The average absorbed dose rate in each governerate was as follows (number x 10(-2) microGy h-1): Babylon (6.0), Kerbala (5.3), Al-Najaf (5.4), Al-Kadysia (6.5), Wasit (6.5), Diala (6.5), Al-Anbar (6.5), Al-Muthana (6.6), Maisan (6.8), Thee-Kar (6.6), and Al-Basrah (6.5). The collective doses to the population living in these governerates were 499, 187, 239, 269, 262, 458, 384, 153, 250, 450, and 419 person-Sv, respectively.
Assuntos
Radiação de Fundo , Exposição Ambiental , Vigilância da População , Raios gama , Humanos , Iraque , Doses de Radiação , RiscoAssuntos
Cádmio/análise , Rim/análise , Fígado/análise , Adulto , Exposição Ambiental , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise de Ativação de Nêutrons , FumarAssuntos
Cádmio/metabolismo , Rim/metabolismo , Fígado/metabolismo , Adulto , Carga Corporal (Radioterapia) , Cádmio/sangue , Cádmio/urina , Exposição Ambiental , Feminino , Humanos , Córtex Renal/metabolismo , Nefropatias/metabolismo , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Microglobulina beta-2/metabolismoRESUMO
Hair is known to concentrate mercury, and in general the concentration of mercury in hair is proportional to and many times higher than its concentration in the blood. The variation of the mercury concentration in human head hair was used to follow the history of poisoning in people who ingested grain treated with methylmercury. Instrumental neutron activation analysis was used for mercury determination. The initial rising slope of mercury concentration along the hair was proportional to the daily intake of methylmercury per kg of body weight. The ratio of the concentration of methylmercury in human head hair to the average body concentration was found to be about 137. By using this ratio and measuring mercury concentration in hair, the total body burden can be calculated. In the patients studied, the peak body burden ranged from 0.8 to 4.4 mg/kg in cases showing mild symptoms, from 1.5 to 6 mg/kg in cases with moderate symptoms, and from 3 to 12 mg/kg in cases with severe symptoms. The curve of the variation in mercury concentrations along the hair was also used to calculate the biological half-life of methylmercury in man. Forty-eight cases were studied and it was found that the frequency curve (population distribution curve) was grouped into two distinct regions. In about 90% of the population the biological half-life of methylmercury was 35-100 days, and 10% showed high values of 110-120 days.
