RESUMO
Total dietary fiber (TDF), insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) and soluble dietary fiber (SDF) contents of 37 composite dishes commonly consumed in the State of Kuwait were determined by the AOAC enzymatic-gravimetric method of Prosky et al. Levels (g/100 g) of SDF ranged over 0.3-0.5 in fish-based dishes, 0.3-2.6 in meat-based dishes, 0.1-1.4 in rice dishes, 3.2-4.6 in vegetable dishes, 0.3-0.7 in soup dishes, 0 in dairy dishes, 0.7-0.8 in sandwiches, and 0.1-5.0 in sweet dishes. IDF levels ranged over 1.1-1.8 in fish-based, 0.9-3.2 in meat-based, 0.6-2.7 in rice, 2.1-4.0 in vegetables, 0.6-3.4 in soup, 0 in dairy, 0.2-0.3 in sandwiches, and 0.2-11.6 in sweets. TDF values ranged over 1.4-2.3 in fish-based, 1.2-3.7 in meat-based, 0.3-4.1 in rice, 3.2-4.6 in vegetables, 0.9-3.8 in soup, 0 in dairy, 0.7-0.8 in sandwiches and 0.3-15.4 in sweets. This work attempts to provide new data on TDF, IDF and SDF of selected commonly consumed Kuwaiti composite dishes.
Assuntos
Fibras na Dieta/análise , Alimentos , Kuweit , Solubilidade , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
AIM: To investigate the level of diabetes knowledge in a population with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and a high prevalence of illiteracy, to identify the main gaps in the knowledge and to study the determinants of the knowledge score. METHODS: This cross-sectional survey involved 24 diabetes clinics and Kuwaiti adults with T2D (n=5114), and used the Michigan Diabetes Knowledge Test. RESULTS: The participants' mean age (+/-S.D.) was 55.6+/-10.4 years; 68.2% were women, 45.0% were illiterate, 52.2% reported a family income equivalent to 1200 to 2400 euros per month and only 28.6% performed glucose monitoring. Mean+/-S.D. HbA(1c) was 8.76+/-2.3%. Their mean score for the total knowledge test was 58.9%. Knowledge deficits were apparent in the questions related to diet and self-care. Participants who were older, and with lower educational levels, limited family income, negative family history of diabetes or were smokers had significantly lower knowledge scores. The scores were also lower in those who had shorter disease duration and fewer complications, were taking insulin, had less frequent insulin injections, performed less glucose monitoring and had lower HbA(1c) levels. Education, family income, glucose monitoring and presence of complications were independent determinants of the knowledge score. CONCLUSION: Knowledge of diabetes in a T2D population with a high prevalence of illiteracy was poor. Limited family income and lack of self-care are other predictors of knowledge deficits. Efforts need to be focused on educational programmes with strategies to assist T2D patients of limited education and income to manage their disease more effectively.
Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Educação em Saúde , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Aceitação pelo Paciente de Cuidados de Saúde , Adulto , Idoso , Instituições de Assistência Ambulatorial , Análise de Variância , Estudos Transversais , Escolaridade , Feminino , Humanos , Kuweit , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Educação de Pacientes como Assunto , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
International comparisons of adolescent overweight and obesity are hampered by the lack of a single agreed measurement reference. We compared 3 BMI-for-age references on samples of adolescent girls from Egypt, Kuwait and Lebanon. Overweight and obesity was highest in Kuwait and lowest in Lebanon. Performance of the 3 standards differed only slightly although one was particularly applicable in country-to-country comparisons.
Assuntos
Índice de Massa Corporal , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Distribuição por Idade , Antropometria , Composição Corporal , Criança , Escolaridade , Egito/epidemiologia , Ingestão de Energia , Comportamento Alimentar , Feminino , Indicadores Básicos de Saúde , Humanos , Kuweit/epidemiologia , Líbano/epidemiologia , Inquéritos Nutricionais , Obesidade/diagnóstico , Vigilância da População , Prevalência , Valores de Referência , Relação Cintura-QuadrilRESUMO
International comparisons of adolescent overweight and obesity are hampered by the lack of a single agreed measurement reference. We compared 3 BMI- for- age references on samples of adolescent girls from Egypt, Kuwait and Lebanon. Overweight and obesity was highest in Kuwait and lowest in Lebanon. Performance of the 3 standards differed only slightly although one was particularly applicable in country- to- country comparisons
Assuntos
Padrões de Referência , Obesidade , Índice de Massa CorporalRESUMO
Weight loss is one of the major side effects associated with intermaxillary fixation (IMF) following orthognathic surgery or jaw fractures. The aim of this study was to retrospectively interview patients treated with intermaxillary fixation for diet control (IMFDC) to collect base-line information regarding: (1) perceived effectiveness, patients' compliance and patients' satisfaction with the treatment; (2) the frequency of side effects associated with IMFDC. The results show that IMFDC significantly reduced weight by a mean of 6.8 kg during treatment, and a mean of 4.1 kg at a minimum of 1 month following IMFDC removal (P<0.0001). Only 32.5% of the patients complied with the planned period of IMFDC treatment while 70% were satisfied with the treatment results. The most common side effects were speech problems and oral-facial pain with a prevalence of 52.5 and 32.5%, respectively. IMFDC treatment is not effective for long-term weight reduction and may only be used for a very short period of time to initiate weight loss. Exercise and/or special diet programs are healthier and better means to treat obesity and maintain weight loss.
