[Effect of sugars on the biological properties of bull spermatozoa after cryopreservation]. / Vliianie na niakoi zakhari vurkhu biologichnite kachestva na spermatozoidi ot bik sled kriokonservatsiia.

An investigation was carried out on the protective qualities of some type of sugars as ingredients of the g X22l diluent with regard to bull spermatozoa upon freezing after the granule technology. It was ascertained that sugars varied in effect. On the base of the results obtained a new diluent was developed under the conditional name of g X22A, with better cryoprotective qualities than those of the currently used diluents. The optimum effect of semen dilution with the granule technology of freezing of g X22A proved within the range of 1 + 4 to 1 + 8.

[Cryoprotective properties of the components of diluents for bull seminal fluid]. / Krioprotektivni kachestva na niakoi sustavki na razrediteli za semenna technost ot bik.

Studied were the protective qualities of lipovitellinine with regard to spermatozoa at cryoconservation. It was found that following centrifugation at 2000 G of the GH22L diluent for 20 min the electrophoretic investigations on Cellogel revealed a strong drop of lipovitellinine from 25.33 +/- 4.21 to 2.33 +/- 0.24 per cent. With the Nagaze-Niva diluent the drop was from 24.20 +/- 4.56 to 14.10 +/- 2.95 per cent. The changes in the percent ratio of the protein fractions in dilution of bull semen at 1 + 4 were shown to be considerable with the GH22L diluent after the separation of part of the lipovitellinine. With the Nagaze-Niva diluent these changes were negligible. The separation of part of the lipovitellinine with GH22L led to an essential drop of spermatozoid motility and of the heat resistance of semen following thawing. With the Nagaze-Niva diluent the changes in the qualities of spermatozoa were not substantial after separating part of the lipovitellinine. It was also found that the GH22L diluent produced a better cryoprotective effect on spermatozoa than the Nagaze-Niva diluent.

[Effect of biologically active substances on the alkaline phosphatase activity, viability and fertility of bull spermatozoa]. / Vliianie na niakoi biologichno aktivni veshtestva vurkhu aktivnostta na alkalnata fosfataza, zhiznesposobnostta i oploditelnata sposobnost na spermatozoidi ot bik.

Studied was the effect of beta-glucuronidase, hydrocortisone, and mercaptoethanol in bull semen on the activity of the alkaline phosphatase and the viability and fertilizing capacity of spermatozoa. It was found that the beta-glucuronidase enzyme in conc. of 270 UI per cu. cm of semen enhanced the activity of one of the forms of AP in agar electrophoresis (AP-1) with the simultaneous enhancement of the thermal resistance of spermatozoa at 46 degrees C and their fertilizing capacity by 9.6 per cent at first insemination. At minimum concentration hydrocortisone (1 X 10(-6) M) lowered the heat resistance of spermatozoa at 39 degrees C. Mercaptoethanol was found to lower by 3 per cent the activity of semen alkaline phosphatase. It is suggested to use the beta-glucuronidase enzyme in the practice of artificial insemination out of all other biologically active agents studied.

[Preservation of ram seminal fluid in different diluents]. / Prouchvaniia vurkhu sukhranenieto na semenna technost ot kochove v razlichni razrediteli.

Studied was the conformation of the protein macromolecules with the dilution of ram semen to a various extent, using three yolk diluents -- gkh18, zhgts, and Zlatno rouno. Studied was also the effect of some yolk extenders used in this country's practice on some qualitative indices of ram semen under storing conditions. It was found that following dilution with the media cited above various conformational changes of the proteins take place with the semen of rams. The different rates of dilution had no effect on the primary motility of spermatozoa. Statistically significant was the difference in favour of the gkh18 diluent in so far as the heat resistance of spermatozoa was concerned. Most effective dilution (in terms of retaining the motility of spermatozoa at storing) proved 1 + 3, followed by 1 + 5 with the use of gkh18, and 1 + 1 with zhgts and Zlatno rouno. gkh18 was shown to produce a varying blocking effect on motility of spermatozoa. All results concerning the conformation of protein macromolecules, quality indices, and particularly the resistance to heat in evaluating the storing capacity of semen showed that the cumulation of more proteins of higher electrophoretic mobility in III group developed more favourable conditions in preserving the vitality of spermatozoa at storage.

[Glycoprotein complexes in bull seminal fluid diluted with yolk media]. / Glikoproteinni kompleksi v razredena s zhultuchni sredi semenna technost ot bitsi.

Electrophoresis on celogel and staining the bands with Schiff's agent were used to study the sugar fractions in the diluents Nagase Niva, Triladil, Leciphos and GH22L (after Kichev) as well as in bull semen diluted to a various extent with the same media. Using combined staining--sugars/proteins--it was found that all sugar fractions in both media and diluted semen were bound with proteins. These biocomplexes were found to lower their electrophoretic mobility with the rising values of dilution. Discussed is the possibility to use the conformation of sugar complexes in the working out of new cryoprotective media.

[Comparative studies of the lipoprotein complexes in bull seminal fluid diluted with different media]. / Sravnitelni izsledvaniia vurkhu lipoproteinnite kompleksi v razredena s razlichni sredi semenna technost ot bik.

Electrophoresis on celogel and lipid staining with Fettrot 7 were employed to investigate the lipid complexes in the media Hagase Niva, Triladil, Leciphos, and GH22L (after Kichev). Studied were likewise the changes that these lipid complexes underwent when using them to dilute bull semen to a varying extent. It was found that the lipid complexes in these media changed their electrophoretic characteristic and percent distribution following dilution. At 1 + 1 dilution all media were shown to build up a new lipoid complex having a protein base and comprising 84 to 96 per cent of the lipid components in the samples. On the basis of Kichev's phenomenon of complex forming and building new biologic molecules the possibility is discussed of the practical use of these investigations in the cryoprotection of bull semen.