Ocular malignant tumors. Review of the Tumor Registry at a tertiary eye hospital in central Saudi Arabia.

OBJECTIVE: To present the epidemiologic profile and magnitude of ocular malignant tumors (MT) representative of the Saudi population from the Tumor Registry (TR) at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital (KKESH). METHODS: This study evaluated the demographic information, clinical features including tumor laterality, ocular tissue of origin, and diagnosis of patients from the TR registry between 1983 and 2012 at KKESH, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The incidence of MT among Saudi adults (>/= 15 years old), and children (<15 years old) was estimated. RESULTS: The TR recorded 4,146 neoplasms (2,509 [60.5%] benign tumors, and 1,637 [39.5%] MT). The incidence of MT in children was 3.6 per million/year (M/Y), and 2.4/M/Y for adults. Retinoblastoma (Rb) (n=763, 91%) was the most common ocular malignancy in children. In adults, the most common MT was squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (n=363, 45.8%), basal cell carcinoma (BCC) (n=186, 23%), uvealmelanoma (n=94, 11.9%), sebaceous gland carcinoma (n=54, 6.8%), lymphomas (orbital, adnexal) (n=46, 5.8%), and others (n=53, 6.8%). The Rb (7.7/M/Y in <5 years old Saudi children) was less frequent than that reported in some Gulf countries, but higher than that reported from the West. The SCC was less frequent in countries with comparable sun exposure than in other continents, but the incidence remained unchanged over 3 decades. There was a significant increase in BCC between 1983-1992 and 2003-2012. CONCLUSION: The rates of all cancers remained stable over 3 decades except BCC, which showed a significant rise.

Ocular manifestations of xeroderma pigmentosum at a tertiary eye care center in Saudi Arabia.

PURPOSE: To study the clinical profile of Saudi cases of xeroderma pigmentosum (XP). DESIGN: This is a single-center, retrospective, consecutive case series of all cases of XP seen at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital from January 1, 1986, to December 31, 2006. The main outcome measures were clinical features, visual outcome, and histopathologic findings. RESULTS: Of 33 patients initially included in this study, 6 were excluded from the final analysis because of either unconfirmed diagnosis of XP or insufficient follow up. The final analysis included 27 patients (14 female patients, 13 male patients). A history of consanguinity was present in the parents of one third of our patients. The age at onset of ocular complications ranged from 5 to 67 years (median age, 19 years). The number of patients with no light perception (NLP) increased from 1 patient (3.7%) at the initial visit to 5 patients (18.5%) at the last visit. In 13 of 27 patients (48.1%), conjunctival tumors were observed; 10 tumors were confirmed histopathologically to be squamous cell carcinomas. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) was the most common histopathologic diagnosis of eyelid tumors and was noted in 4 patients (14.8%). Furthermore, 10 patients (37.0%) had a history of skin malignancy, and 5 patients (18.1%) had neurologic abnormalities. CONCLUSION: Patients with XP who presented to a tertiary eye care center in Saudi Arabia had a high percentage of consanguinity in parents and late onset of ocular complications. Additionally, XP behaved aggressively in both malignancy profile and visual outcome.