Driving forces of the pervasiveness of street vending: A data article.

Street vendors are prominent on public streets and in traditional markets in most developing countries. They raise significant problems for public authorities, residents, pedestrians, and formal retailers. Their informal business is problematic, leading to conflicts and sometimes violence. Moreover, unlicensed street vendors employ children and women and are accused of counterfeiting and drug trading. However, they participate in reducing poverty and unemployment. The current data article aims to formulate a public perception on the problematic issue of street vending pervasiveness by describing a survey dataset on street vending and its main driving factors. Street vending has traditionally be examined by linking it with one or more determinants; thus, the dataset covers poverty, lack of education, immigration, unemployment, urban culture, low-income consumption, resistance, and lack of microfinance as latent constructs. Five measurable variables are introduced that reflect each construct. All variables are measured via seven-point Likert scales. Using a Google Form, 425 responses were collected that reflect the attitudes of the general public in Baghdad, Iraq. This dataset is useful for research on socio-economic problems; more specifically, it introduces reliable measurement models for street vending and the eight factors driving it.

The Impact of Urban Culture on Street Vending: A Path Model Analysis of the General Public's Perspective.

This study examined the relationship between urban culture and street vending. Prior research on this topic is limited and inconclusive. Therefore, we have proposed an integrated model to test the positive effect of urban culture on street vending using multiple mediations of consumption patterns, resistance, and microfinance. We tested a sample of 425 responses that reflect the public opinion in Baghdad, Iraq. These responses were collected between September and November 2018. A partial least squares-based structural equation modeling is employed to test the validity of measurement models and the significance of the entire structural model, predictive power, and mediation analysis. We found that resistance mediates the effect of urban culture on street vending; low-income consumption and resistance sequentially mediate the effect of urban culture on street vending, while resistance mediates the effect of a lack of microfinance on street vending. The direct impact of culture on street vending is not significant, and a lack of microfinance positively influences the pervasiveness of trading on streets. This study contributes to the extant literature as it proposed and tested a novel and comprehensive model to analyze the relationship between urban culture and street vending, simultaneously examining the effects of culture, consumption, resistance, and microfinance on street vending.

A survey dataset on determinants of administrative corruption.

This data article describes a survey dataset on administrative corruption and its main determinants (culture, organizational culture, political instability, and institutional weakness) in addition to social class. Prior research was consulted to determine indicators of the constructs of administrative corruption. Each construct has four reflective indicators while social class has formative variables. All items are measured using a seven-point Likert scale and semantic differential scale types. Through Google Form, I collected 677 responses that reflect the perspective of the general public in Basra, Iraq. The paper shows how to build observed indicators for administrative corruption and its main causes, and a summary of the raw data. The dataset can be reused by other researchers and easily downloaded from the Mendeley Data repository (https://doi.org/10.17632/xh22fsmvmc.2). While the dataset is prepared for building and testing a model using a structural equation modeling approach, it sheds light on the debate regarding an increasingly important topic internationally, and especially in Middle Eastern countries, such as Iraq, that experience high rates of corruption and political instability.