RESUMO
The seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) specific antibodies and HCV genotypes distribution were studied among 559 Iraqi children with thalassaemia in receipt of repeated blood transfusions. HCV-specific antibodies were detected in 376 (67.3%) serum samples using third-generation enzyme immunoassay and confirmatory immunoblot assays. Of 78 randomly selected sera, 48 (61.5%) were HCV-RNA positive. HCV genotypes 1a, 1b, 4 and mixed 1b and 4 were demonstrated in 13 (27.1%), 11 (22.9%), 17 (35.4%) and 7 (14.6%) sera respectively. Strict measures for the controlling the spread of HCV are needed by introducing advanced techniques for blood donor screening.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite C/sangue , Hepatite C/epidemiologia , Talassemia/terapia , Reação Transfusional , Doadores de Sangue , Criança , Proteção da Criança/estatística & dados numéricos , Pré-Escolar , Comorbidade , Estudos Transversais , Seleção do Doador , Genótipo , Hepacivirus/genética , Hepatite C/sangue , Hepatite C/etiologia , Hepatite C/prevenção & controle , Hepatite C/virologia , Hospitais de Ensino , Humanos , Immunoblotting , Técnicas Imunoenzimáticas , Controle de Infecções , Iraque/epidemiologia , Vigilância da População , RNA Viral/análise , RNA Viral/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Talassemia/complicações , Talassemia/epidemiologia , Saúde da População Urbana/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
To estimate the seroprevalence of HCV infection among HIV-infected haemophiliacs and to demonstrate the most prevalent HCV genotype, 47 HIV-infected haemophilia patients were screened for anti-HCV antibodies. By performing polymerase chain reaction and DNA enzyme immunoassay, HCV-RNA was detected with subsequent genotyping. Seroprevalence of anti-HCV antibodies was 66.0%. Of 31 HCV/HIV co-infected patients, 21 (67.7%) had no history of blood transfusion. We detected 4 HCV genotypes: 1a, 1b, 4 and 4 mixed with 3a, HCV-1b being the most frequent. Contaminated factor VIII (clotting factor) could be responsible for disease acquisition.
Assuntos
Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Hemofilia A/complicações , Hepatite C/epidemiologia , Saúde da População Urbana/estatística & dados numéricos , Adolescente , Adulto , Transfusão de Sangue/estatística & dados numéricos , Criança , Comorbidade , DNA Viral/análise , DNA Viral/genética , Contaminação de Medicamentos/estatística & dados numéricos , Genótipo , Infecções por HIV/sangue , Infecções por HIV/etiologia , Soroprevalência de HIV , Hemofilia A/epidemiologia , Hemofilia A/terapia , Hepacivirus/genética , Hepatite C/sangue , Hepatite C/etiologia , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite C/sangue , Humanos , Técnicas Imunoenzimáticas , Iraque/epidemiologia , Programas de Rastreamento , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Vigilância da População , Fatores de Risco , Estudos SoroepidemiológicosRESUMO
To estimate the seroprevalence of HCV infection among HIV-infected haemophiliacs and to demonstrate the most prevalent HCV genotype, 47 HIV-infected haemophilia patients were screened for anti-HCV antibodies. By performing polymerase chain reaction and DNA enzyme immunoassay, HCV-RNA was detected with subsequent genotyping. Seroprevalence of anti-HCV antibodies was 66.0%. Of 31 HCV/HIV co-infected patients, 21 [67.7%] had no history of blood transfusion. We detected 4 HCV genotypes: 1a, 1b, 4 and 4 mixed with 3a, HCV-1b being the most frequent. Contaminated factor VIII [clotting factor] could be responsible for disease acquisition
Assuntos
Hemofilia A , Genótipo , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Sorotipagem , Hepatite CRESUMO
The seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus [HCV] specific antibodies and HCV genotypes distribution were studied among 559 Iraqi children with thalassaemia in receipt of repeated blood transfusions. HCV-specific antibodies were detected in 376 [67.3%] serum samples using third-generation enzyme immunoassay and confirmatory immunoblot assays. Of 78 randomly selected sera, 48 [61.5%] were HCV-RNA positive. HCV genotypes 1a, 1b, 4 and mixed 1b and 4 were demonstrated in 13 [27.1%], 11 [22.9%], 17 [35.4%] and 7 [14.6%] sera respectively. Strict measures for the controlling the spread of HCV are needed by introducing advanced techniques for blood donor screening
Assuntos
Hepacivirus , Immunoblotting , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite C , Prevalência , Talassemia beta , Hepatite CRESUMO
To determine the age incidence and prevalence of Pityrosporum orbiculare on the normal skin of healthy Iraqi children, we carried out a survey of clinically normal skin of 110 healthy children in Baghdad during April 1998-October 1998. We isolated P. orbiculare on a peptone--glucose--yeast extract medium containing chloramphenicol and cycloheximide, and overlaid with olive oil. The organism was present on the trunk in 77.5% of children 10-14 years, 27.5% of children 5-9 years, and 6.6% of children < 5 years.
Assuntos
Malassezia/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Pele/microbiologia , Adolescente , Distribuição por Idade , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Meios de Cultura , Hospitais de Ensino , Humanos , Incidência , Lactente , Iraque/epidemiologia , Malassezia/isolamento & purificação , Técnicas de Tipagem Micológica , Vigilância da População , Prevalência , Manejo de Espécimes , Tinha Versicolor/epidemiologia , Tinha Versicolor/microbiologia , Saúde da População Urbana/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
To determine the age incidence and prevalence of Pityrosporum orbiculare on the normal skin of healthy Iraqi children, we carried out a survey of clinically normal skin of 110 healthy children in Baghdad during April 1998-October 1998. We isolated P. orbiculare on a peptone--glucose--yeast extract medium containing chloramphenicol and cycloheximide, and overlaid with olive oil. The organism was present on the trunk in 77.5% of children 10-14 years, 27.5% of children 5-9 years, and 6.6% of children < 5 years
Assuntos
Adolescente , Distribuição por Idade , Pré-Escolar , Meios de Cultura , Incidência , MalasseziaRESUMO
Sera from 3491 pregnant women were screened for the presence of HCV antibodies (anti-HCV). HCV genotyping was also performed on the sera of 94 women. The overall anti-HCV seroprevalence was 3.21%. Anti-HCV seroprevalence was significantly positively correlated with the number of miscarriages. Miscarriage was a significant risk factor for the acquisition of HCV infection from the first miscarriage up to the fifth, the risk increasing with increasing number of miscarriages. A higher proportion of women with a history of miscarriage harboured HCV-1b compared to those with no miscarriage.
Assuntos
Aborto Espontâneo/complicações , Hepatite C/etiologia , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/etiologia , DNA Viral/análise , DNA Viral/genética , Feminino , Genótipo , Hepacivirus/genética , Hepacivirus/imunologia , Hepatite C/sangue , Hepatite C/epidemiologia , Hepatite C/transmissão , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite C/sangue , Humanos , Iraque/epidemiologia , Modelos Logísticos , Programas de Rastreamento , Vigilância da População , Gravidez , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/sangue , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/epidemiologia , RNA Viral/análise , RNA Viral/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Fatores de Risco , Estudos SoroepidemiológicosRESUMO
Sera from 3491 pregnant women were screened for the presence of HCV antibodies [anti-HCV]. HCV genotyping was also performed on the sera of 94 women. The overall anti-HCV seroprevalence was 3.21%. Anti-HCV seroprevalence was significantly positively correlated with the number of miscarriages. Miscarriage was a significant risk factor for the acquisition of HCV infection from the first miscarriage up to the fifth, the risk increasing with increasing number of miscarriages. A higher proportion of women with a history of miscarriage harboured HCV-1b compared to those with no miscarriage
