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Ecotoxicol Environ Saf ; 182: 109407, 2019 Oct 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31279280

RESUMO

Aflatoxin B1 poses the greatest risk among the mycotoxins to target-organisms particularly human, however, no studies addressed the neurotoxicity of chronic exposure of aflatoxin. The oral dose level 1/600th of LD50 for 30, 60, and 90 days was used for three aflatoxin groups, respective to negative and vehicle control groups. Activity levels of brain antioxidants viz: superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione, and glutathione peroxidase significantly decreased in the three experimental durations in time-dependent trend, in contrast, lipid peroxidation showed a significant increase compared to controls. Significantly, chronic-dependent increase trend was noticed in the AF60 and AF90 group for acid phosphatase (16.1%, 35.2%), alkaline phosphatase (32.1%, 50.8%), aspartate aminotransferase (38.7%, 120.0%) and lactate dehydrogenase (30.6%, 42.1%) activities, respectively. However, a significant 23.7% decrease in the brain creatine kinase activity following 90 days of AFB1administration. Chronic administration of aflatoxin also causes alterations in activities of protein carbonyl with a maximum increase (twofold) after 90 days. Further, histopathological and immunohistochemical results confirmed time-related vasodilation, necrosis and astrocytes gliosis by high glial fibrillary acidic protein immunostaining in response to AFB1. These findings infer that long-term exposure to AFB1 results in several pathophysiological circumstances in a duration-dependent manner concerning neurodegeneration especially Alzheimer's disease.


Assuntos
Aflatoxina B1/toxicidade , Astrócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Encéfalo/efeitos dos fármacos , Encéfalo/enzimologia , Poluentes Ambientais/toxicidade , Estresse Oxidativo , Animais , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Astrócitos/imunologia , Astrócitos/patologia , Encéfalo/patologia , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Proteína Glial Fibrilar Ácida/biossíntese , Imuno-Histoquímica , Peroxidação de Lipídeos/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Estresse Oxidativo/imunologia , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Fatores de Tempo , Testes de Toxicidade Crônica
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