Clinical effectiveness of Liraglutide 3.0 mg and impact of weight loss in improving obesity-related comorbid conditions in King Fahad Medical City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A real-world experience.

Obesity has emerged as one of the most challenging worldwide problems and, if left untreated, can lead to major illnesses and consequences that can impair patients' health The study's objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of Liraglutide 3.0 mg in inducing weight loss and to assess the improvement of obesity-related comorbid conditions among people living with obesity (PwO) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). A retrospective cohort review of PwO with or without diabetes and taking Liraglutide 3.0 mg in combination with diet and exercise for weight management was performed and evaluated at King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, KSA. We collected patient data from electronic medical records for different parameters. The side effects were not recorded. A cohort of 399 patients who used Liraglutide 3.0 mg for 6 months was included in the study. At baseline, the mean age of the cohort was 46.4 (±12.1) years, mean BMI was 40.4 (±7.7) kg/m2 and most patients (74.4%) were women. Their mean average weight loss was 6.5 (±9.5) kg; p < .001. In the entire cohort, 52.6% of subjects had lost ≥5% of their bodyweight, 27.8% of subjects had lost ≥10%, and 11.3% of subjects had lost ≥15% of their bodyweight. There was a significant reduction in HbA1c by 0.5% (p < .0001) at 6 months of the treatment. Liraglutide 3.0 mg treatment did not affect systolic blood pressure and alanine transferase. Liraglutide 3.0 mg resulted in clinically significant weight loss with better glycaemic control, confirming the drug's effectiveness in the real-world evidence setting.

Urinary Bladder Hemangioma Successfully Treated by Angioembolization with Long-Term Follow-Up: Case Report and Literature Review.

Hemangiomas are benign blood vessel and capillary tumor growths which are widespread in many organs but extremely rare in the bladder, making up just 0.6% of all bladder tumors. To the best of our knowledge, few cases of bladder hemangioma are associated with pregnancy in the literature, and no bladder hemangiomas have been discovered incidentally after abortion. The use of angioembolization is well established; however, postoperative follow-up is crucial to identify tumor recurrence or residual disease. Case presentation: In 2013, a 38-year-old female was referred to a urology clinic with an incidental finding after an abortion of a large bladder mass identified incidentally using ultrasound (US). The patient was recommended for CT, which reported a polypoidal hypervascular lesion, as previously described arising from the urinary bladder wall. Diagnostic cystoscopy showed a large, bluish-red, pulsatile, vascularized submucosal mass with large dilated submucosal vessels, a wide-based stalk, and no active bleeding in the posterior wall of the urinary bladder, measuring about 2 × 3 cm, with negative urine cytology. Due to the vascular nature of the lesion and no active bleeding, the decision was made not to biopsy. The patient underwent angioembolization and scheduled for US every six months with regular diagnostic cystoscopy. In 2018, at 5 years of follow-up, the patient developed recurrence after a successful pregnancy. The angiography revealed recanalization of the previously embolized left superior vesical arteries from the anterior division of the left internal iliac artery, resulting in arteriovenous malformation (AVM). The second angioembolization was performed, with the total exclusion of AVM without residual. By the end of 2022, the patient had remained asymptomatic and without recurrence. Conclusion: Angioembolization is a safe treatment technique, minimally invasive, and has less effect on the quality of life, especially in young patients. Long-term follow-up is essential for detecting tumor recurrence or residual disease.