RESUMO
While interpreting routine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the knee joint, a radiologist may encounter various cystic lesions such as ganglion, synovial, and meniscal cysts, among others. In some cases, MRI may demonstrate cystlike lesions around the knee due to fluid distention of normal bursa and recesses, the diagnosis of which should not be difficult if a radiologist is familiar with their characteristic location and MRI appearance. In addition, there are cyst mimickers such as hematomas, abscesses, vascular lesions, and neoplasms around knee joint that may pose a diagnostic challenge on routine MRI. Due to their atypical location and variable morphology, contrast administration is helpful as the enhancement pattern aids to differentiate them from cysts and cystlike lesions. This pictorial essay aims to classify cysts, cystlike lesions, and cyst mimickers in and around the knee joint based on their anatomic location and highlight their characteristic MRI features.
Assuntos
Cistos/diagnóstico por imagem , Artropatias/diagnóstico por imagem , Articulação do Joelho/diagnóstico por imagem , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Diagnóstico Diferencial , HumanosRESUMO
Ankle impingement syndromes are a commonly encountered clinical entity seen in athletes, secondary to repetitive forceful microtrauma. Symptoms are related to impingement of osseous or soft tissue abnormalities in the ankle joint, in particular the tibiotalar joint, which may result in painful limitation of ankle movements. Imaging modalities, such as radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging, are very useful in diagnosing osseous and soft tissue abnormalities seen in different types of ankle impingement syndromes. This article reviews the classification of ankle impingement syndromes, their etiology, and clinical and radiological findings.
Assuntos
Articulação do Tornozelo/diagnóstico por imagem , Diagnóstico por Imagem/métodos , Artropatias/diagnóstico por imagem , Articulação do Tornozelo/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Artropatias/fisiopatologia , Radiografia , Síndrome , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
Shoulder MR imaging and MR arthrography are frequently used to evaluate shoulder pain and instability and to assess different types of shoulder injuries. We review different normal variants that can mimic pathologic conditions and some pitfalls that may be encountered in image interpretation. A proper knowledge of normal anatomy is necessary to prevent or minimize errors in diagnosing shoulder injuries.
