RESUMO
PURPOSE: COVID-19 infection is normally followed by several post-COVID effects. This study aimed to investigate to evaluate menstrual changes in females following COVID-19 infection, and to evaluate female perception about the effect of COVID-19 on their menstrual cycles. METHODS: During this cross-sectional survey-based study, a convenience sample of 483 women from Jordan and from Iraq, who had infected with COVID-19 were invited to fill-out the study questionnaire. RESULTS: The study was conducted on the females, with a median age 31 years old. Results showed that 47.2% of them (n = 228) suffered from a change in the number of days between two consecutive periods, as well as from a change in the amount of blood loss. Also, more than 50% of them believed that COVID-19 infection may cause changes in the amount of blood loss during the cycle (n = 375, 56.9%), and changes in the number of days between the two consecutive periods (n = 362, 54.2%). Regression analysis showed that participants with higher educational level (bachelor or higher) (Beta = -0.114, P = 0.011), and those living in Iraq (Beta = -0.166, P<0.001) believed that COVID-19 has lower tendency to cause menstrual changes. In addition, non-married females (Beta = 0.109, P = 0.017), and those who are current smokers (Beta = 0.091, P = 0.048) believed that COVID-19 has higher tendency to cause menstrual changes. CONCLUSION: his study revealed that COVID-19 infection could affect the menstrual cycle for the females. Further prospective studies should be done to confirm these findings and evaluate how long these menstrual irregularities lasted.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Adulto , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Iraque/epidemiologia , Jordânia/epidemiologia , Ciclo Menstrual , Estudos ProspectivosRESUMO
SUMMARY: For the past decades, it has been apparent that assisted reproductive technologies along with clinical embryology have both propounded themselves triumphantly in the field of medicine. Although high-tech equipment and staff skills are crucial to the success of these breakthrough implementations, the pivot of these practices is updated, knowledgeable and competent technicians who excel in the field of human embryology. Crucially, the advancement of clinical embryology and its related fields depends on the meticulous training of clinical embryologists in practical skills as well as theoretical knowledge. Unfortunately, most aspects of reproductive medicine have no obligatory assembled curriculum. A lot more emphasis has been put on the clinical aspect of these sciences and training than its theoretical counterpart. Consequently, clinical embryologists continue to face difficulty in unifying the needed theoretical knowledge in these fields. Not only that, but they also struggle to shed a light on the advanced knowledge required to stand out as professionals. This study aimed to explore which theoretical information in the science of human embryology that embryologists need to know thoroughly about. The survey was conducted online (July 2021).
RESUMEN: Durante las últimas décadas, ha sido evidente que las tecnologías de reproducción asistida junto con la embriología clínica han demostrado un éxito importante en el area de la medicina. Si bien los equipos de alta tecnología y las habilidades del personal son cruciales para el éxito de estas implementaciones, el eje de estas prácticas son los técnicos actualizados, competentes y expertos en el campo de la embriología humana. Fundamentalmente, el avance de la embriología clínica y sus campos relacionados dependen de la formación meticulosa de los embriólogos clínicos en las habilidades prácticas y los conocimientos teóricos. Desafortunadamente, la mayoría de los aspectos de la medicina reproductiva no cuenta con un plan de estudios obligatorio. El énfasis se ha concentrado en el aspecto clínico y en el entrenamiento de estas ciencias más que en la contraparte teórica. En consecuencia, los embriólogos clínicos continúan enfrentando dificultades para unificar el conocimiento teórico necesario en estos campos. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo explorar qué información teórica importante en la ciencia de la embriología humana requieren los embriólogos. La encuesta de este trabajo se realizó en línea (julio de 2021).
