RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To determine the rates and types of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection in cervical cancer specimens from Saudi patients. METHODS: One hundred specimens were randomly selected and retrieved from the achieved samples stored in the pathology department accessioned under the diagnosis of cervical cancer and carcinoma in situ between the years 1997 and 2007. Human papilloma virus in the clinical samples was detected using polymerase chain reaction amplification methods. Two primer systems are commonly used: the MY09-MY11 primers and the GP5+-GP6+ that amplify a wide range of HPV genotypes. Human papilloma virus isolates were genotyped using DNA sequencing and reverse line blot hybridization assay to identify the high-risk HPV genotypes. RESULTS: Ninety cases fulfilled the diagnostic criteria and were analyzed. The rate of HPV genotype detection among cervical cancer samples was 95.5%. The most common HPV genotype detected by both methods was HPV-16 (63.4%), followed by HPV-18 (11.1%), HPV-45 (4.5%), HPV-33 (3.3%), and HPV-31, HPV-52, HPV-53, HPV-58, HPV-59, and HPV-66 with 2.2% prevalence rate each. CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of HPV genotypes among patients with cervical cancer in Saudi Arabia is comparable to the international rates. The use of the reverse line blot hybridization assay genotyping method could be useful for classifying oncogenic HPV-positive women. It is relatively inexpensive and reliable and can be performed in routine practice or epidemiological study compared with the available standard commercial kits.
Assuntos
Alphapapillomavirus/genética , Alphapapillomavirus/isolamento & purificação , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/virologia , Infecções por Papillomavirus/diagnóstico , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/virologia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/epidemiologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/etiologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/genética , DNA Viral/genética , Feminino , Genótipo , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Infecções por Papillomavirus/complicações , Infecções por Papillomavirus/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Arábia Saudita/epidemiologia , Manejo de Espécimes , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/epidemiologia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/etiologia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/genética , Adulto JovemRESUMO
We modified the conventional PFGE procedure for Serratia marcescens to establish a rapid method. Our protocol showed modification in the bacterial lysis, washing, and restriction enzyme digestion time. This resulted in shortening the time needed by about 3 days compared to the conventional PFGE method.
Assuntos
Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana/métodos , Impressões Digitais de DNA/métodos , Eletroforese em Gel de Campo Pulsado/métodos , Serratia marcescens/classificação , Serratia marcescens/genética , DNA Bacteriano/genética , Genótipo , Epidemiologia Molecular/métodos , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
This study investigated the comparative performance of the Amplicor assay and an in-house semi-automated, multiplex real-time PCR for the diagnosis of genital chlamydial infection. Four different assays, the COBAS Amplicor CT test (Amplicor PCR), in-house real-time PCR (IHRT-PCR), in-house nested cryptic plasmid PCR and in-house nested major outer membrane protein PCR, were performed on genital swabs from 1000 consecutive patients attending a genitourinary medicine clinic. The samples were designated true positive if Chlamydia trachomatis DNA was detected by at least two of the four above-mentioned assays while a sample was defined as true negative if C. trachomatis DNA was detected in only one or none of the assays. By this criterion, there were 129 true positive and 871 true negative samples for C. trachomatis DNA in this cohort. Amplicor PCR designated 144 samples positive: 128 (89%) of 144 samples were true positive and 16 (11%) were false positive. IHRT-PCR detected 126 of 129 true positive samples and did not generate any false positive results. The sensitivity of IHRT-PCR was comparable with, and specificity was higher than, Amplicor PCR for the diagnosis of genital chlamydial infection.
Assuntos
Infecções por Chlamydia/diagnóstico , Chlamydia trachomatis/isolamento & purificação , Doenças dos Genitais Femininos/diagnóstico , Doenças dos Genitais Masculinos/diagnóstico , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Infecções por Chlamydia/microbiologia , Chlamydia trachomatis/genética , DNA Bacteriano/análise , DNA Bacteriano/genética , Reações Falso-Negativas , Reações Falso-Positivas , Feminino , Doenças dos Genitais Femininos/microbiologia , Doenças dos Genitais Masculinos/microbiologia , Genitália Feminina/microbiologia , Genitália Masculina/microbiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Sensibilidade e EspecificidadeRESUMO
An allergological study to evaluate allergenicity to Cladosporium, Burkard 7-Day Volumetric Spore Trap and Personal Volumetric air sampler (viable mode) were employed to conduct air sampling for 12 months in three regions of Saudi Arabia. The study was extended for a continuous 3rd year at one site. Skin prick testing (SPT) was also conducted on 605 allergic individuals using commercial extracts of C. herbarum. Cladosporium emerged to be the most prevalent genus in the outdoor environment constituting up to 25% of all fungal spores in the dry region and 37.1 and 41.2% in two coastal cities respectively. Amongst the species C. sphaerospermum, C. macrocarpum, C. cladosporioides and C. herbarum were noted. Maximum hourly concentrations up to 14 x 10(3) m(-3) were recorded in coastal region during winter months. Morning concentrations were higher at both city sites compared to afternoon concentration. SPT result revealed an overall 19.67% positive reactions with majority showing mild reactions.
