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1.
Trauma Surg Acute Care Open ; 9(1): e001323, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38860116

RESUMO

Introduction: Traumatic rib fractures present a considerable risk to patient well-being, contributing to morbidity and mortality in trauma patients. To address the risks associated with rib fractures, evidence-based interventions have been implemented, including effective pain management, pulmonary hygiene, and early walking. Vancouver General Hospital, a level 1 trauma center in British Columbia, Canada, developed a comprehensive multidisciplinary chest trauma clinical practice guideline (CTCPG) to optimize the management of patients with rib fractures. This prospective cohort study aimed to assess the impact of the CTCPG on pain management interventions and patient outcomes. Methods: The study involved patients admitted between January 1, 2021 and December 31, 2021 (post-CTCPG cohort) and a historical control group admitted between November 1, 2018 and December 31, 2019 (pre-CTCPG cohort). Patient data were collected from patient charts and the British Columbia Trauma Registry, including demographics, injury characteristics, pain management interventions, and relevant outcomes. Results: Implementation of the CTCPG resulted in an increased use of multimodal pain therapy (99.4% vs 96.1%; p=0.03) and a significant reduction in the incidence of delirium in the post-CTCPG cohort (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.80, p=0.0099). There were no significant differences in hospital length of stay, ICU (intensive care unit) days, non-invasive positive pressure ventilation requirement, ventilator days, pneumonia incidence, or mortality between the two cohorts. Discussion: Adoption of a CTCPG improved chest trauma management by enhancing pain management and reducing the incidence of delirium. Further research, including multicenter studies, is warranted to validate these findings and explore additional potential benefits of the CTCPG in the management of chest trauma patients. Level of evidence: IIb.

2.
Burns ; 2024 Jun 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38862345

RESUMO

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication of severe burn injury and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT) is the preferred treatment for stage 3 AKI due to severe burn. This retrospective cohort study at a single institution aimed to examine the long-term renal outcomes after discharge of burn survivors who underwent CRRT during their ICU stay between 2012-2021 due to burn-related AKI, hypothesizing a return to baseline renal function in the long term. Among the 31 patients meeting inclusion criteria, 22 survived their burn injuries, resulting in a 29 % mortality rate. No significant disparities were observed in demographics, comorbidities, burn characteristics, or critical care interventions between survivors and non-survivors. Serum creatinine and eGFR values normalized for 91 % of patients at discharge. Impressively, 91 % of survivors demonstrated a return to baseline renal function during long-term (>3 years) follow-up. Furthermore, only 18 % underwent dialysis after discharge, primarily within the first year. Cumulative mortality rates were 18.2 %, 22.7 %, and 31.8 % at 1, 3, and > 3 years after discharge, respectively. Causes of death were primarily non-renal. These results suggest that burn-related AKI with CRRT results in lower rates of conversion to ongoing renal dysfunction compared to general ICU cohorts. Despite limitations, this study contributes vital insights into the underexplored issue of long-term outcomes after dicharge in this patient population.

3.
Can J Kidney Health Dis ; 11: 20543581231222064, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38322506

RESUMO

Background and objective: Acute kidney injury (AKI) affects up to 20% of hospitalizations and is associated with chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease, increased mortality, and increased health care costs. Proper documentation of AKI in discharge summaries is critical for optimal monitoring and treatment of these patients once discharged. Currently, there is limited literature evaluating the quality of discharge communication after AKI. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy and quality of documentation of episodes of AKI at a tertiary care center in British Columbia, Canada. Methods design setting patients and measurements: This was a retrospective chart review study of adult patients who experienced AKI during hospital admission between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2018. Laboratory data were used to identify all admissions to the cardiac and general medicine ward complicated by AKI defined by the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria. A random sample of 300 AKI admissions stratified by AKI severity (eg, stages 1, 2, and 3) were identified for chart review. Patients were excluded if they required ongoing renal replacement therapy after admission, had a history of kidney transplant, died during their admission, or did not have a discharge summary available. Discharge summaries were reviewed for documentation of the following: presence of AKI, severity of AKI, AKI status at discharge, practitioner and laboratory follow-up plans, and medication changes. Results: A total of 1076 patients with 1237 AKI admissions were identified. Of the 300 patients selected for discharge summary review, 38 met exclusion criteria. In addition, AKI was documented in 140 (53%) discharge summaries and was more likely to be documented in more severe AKI: stage 1, 38%; stage 2, 51%; and stage 3, 75%. Of those with their AKI documented, 94 (67%) documented AKI severity, and 116 (83%) mentioned the AKI status or trajectory at the time of discharge. A total of 239 (91%) of discharge summaries mentioned a follow-up plan with a practitioner, but only 23 (10%) had documented follow-up with nephrology. Patients with their AKI documented were more likely to have nephrology follow-up than those without AKI documented (17% vs 1%). Regarding laboratory investigations, 92 (35%) of the summaries had documented recommendations. In summaries that included medications typically held during AKI, only about half made specific reference to those medications being held, adjusted, or documented a post-discharge plan for that medication. For those with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) listing, 64% of discharge summaries mentioned holding, and 9% mentioned a discharge plan. For those with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi)/angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) listing, 38% mentioned holding these medications, and 46% mentioned a discharge plan. In summaries with diuretics listed, 35% mentioned holding, and 51% included a discharge plan. Conclusions and limitations: We found suboptimal quality and completeness of discharge reporting in patients hospitalized with AKI. This may contribute to inadequate follow-up and post-hospitalization care for this patient population. Strategies are required for increasing the presence and quality of AKI reporting in discharge summaries. Limitations include our definition of AKI based on lab criteria, which may have missed some of the injuries that met the criteria based on urine output. Another limitation is that our definition of AKI based on the highest and lowest creatinine during admission may have led to some overclassification. In addition, without outpatient laboratories, it is possible that we have not captured the true baseline creatinine in some patients.


Contexte et objectif: L'insuffisance rénale aiguë (IRA) complique jusqu'à 20 % des hospitalisations; elle est associée à l'insuffisance rénale chronique, aux maladies cardiovasculaires, à une mortalité accrue et à une augmentation des coûts de santé. La documentation appropriée de l'IRA dans les résumés de départ est essentielle pour optimiser la surveillance et le traitement des patients après leur sortie de l'hôpital. Il existe peu de littérature évaluant la qualité de la documentation de l'IRA dans les résumés de départ. Cette étude visait à évaluer l'exactitude et la qualité de la documentation des épisodes d'IRA dans un center de soins tertiaires de la Colombie-Britannique (Canada). Méthodologie conception et cadre de l'étude sujets et mesures: Il s'agit d'une étude rétrospective des dossiers de patients adultes ayant présenté une IRA au cours de leur admission à l'hôpital entre le 1er janvier 2018 et le 31 décembre 2018. Les données de laboratoire ont été utilisées pour répertorier toutes les admissions compliquées par une IRA (définie par les critères KDIGO) dans les services de cardiologie et de médecine générale. Un échantillon aléatoire de 300 admissions avec IRA stratifiée selon sa gravité (p. ex., stade, 1, 2 et 3) a été constitué pour l'examen des dossiers. Ont été exclus les patients qui avaient eu besoin d'une thérapie de suppléance rénale continue après leur admission, ceux qui avaient des antécédents de transplantation rénale, ceux qui étaient décédés pendant leur admission et ceux pour qui aucun résumé de départ n'était disponible. Les résumés de départ ont été examinés à la recherche d'une mention des éléments suivants : présence d'une IRA, gravité de l'IRA, statut de l'IRA à la sortie, plans de suivi pour les tests de laboratoire et suivi avec un praticien, changements dans la médication. Résultats: En tout, 1 076 patients avec un total de 1 237 admissions avec IRA ont été identifiés. Parmi les 300 patients sélectionnés pour l'examen du résumé de départ, 38 répondaient aux critères d'exclusion. L'IRA avait été documentée dans 140 (53 %) des cas et plus elle était grave, plus elle était susceptible d'être documentée (stade 1 = 38 %; stade 2 = 51 %; stade 3 = 75 %). Parmi ceux où l'IRA était documentée, 94 (67 %) mentionnaient sa gravité et 116 (83 %) mentionnaient son statut ou sa trajectoire à la sortie du patient. Un plan de suivi avec le praticien était mentionné dans 239 (91 %) des résumés de départ, mais seuls 23 (10 %) mentionnaient un suivi en néphrologie. Les patients dont l'IRA était documentée étaient plus susceptibles de faire l'objet d'un suivi en néphrologie que ceux sans mention de l'IRA (17 % contre 1 %). En ce qui concerne les plans de suivi de laboratoire, 92 (35 %) des résumés contenaient des recommandations. Dans les résumés qui mentionnaient des médicaments normalement maintenus pendant un épisode d'IRA, seule la moitié environ faisait spécifiquement référence à ces médicaments comme ayant été cessés, ajustés ou documentés dans un plan post-sortie. Dans les résumés de départ qui listaient des AINS, 64 % mentionnaient qu'ils avaient été cessés temporairement et 9 % comprenaient un plan au congé de l'hôpital. Dans les résumés de départ qui listaient des IECA/ARA, 38 % mentionnaient que ces médicaments avaient été cessés temporairement et 46 % comprenaient un plan au congé de l'hôpital. Dans les résumés qui listaient des diurétiques, 35 % mentionnaient qu'ils avaient été cessés temporairement et 51 % comprenaient un plan au congé de l'hôpital. Limites et conclusion: Nous avons constaté que la qualité et l'exhaustivité des résumés de départ étaient sous-optimales chez les patients hospitalisés ayant vécu un épisode d'IRA. Cette situation peut contribuer à l'inadéquation du suivi et des soins post-hospitalization pour cette population de patients. Des stratégies sont nécessaires pour accroître la documentation d'un épisode d'IRA dans les résumés de départ et augmenter la qualité de sa communication. Les résultats de cette étude sont notamment limités par notre définition de l'IRA fondée sur des critères de laboratoire qui pourraient avoir manqué des patients répondant aux critères fondés sur la production d'urine. Notre définition de l'IRA fondée sur le taux de créatinine le plus élevée et le plus faible pendant l'admission pourrait également avoir conduit à un surdiagnostic. En outre, sans les résultats de laboratoires externes, il est possible que nous n'ayons pas saisi la mesure initiale réelle de la créatinine chez certains patients.

4.
Mar Genomics ; 49: 100701, 2020 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31451352

RESUMO

The zebrafish has proven to be an excellent organism for manipulation of its genome from a long history of transcript down-regulation using morpholino oligimers to more recent genome editing tools such as CRISPR-Cas9. Early forward and reverse genetic screens significantly benefited from the transparency of zebrafish embryos, allowing cardiac development as a function of genetics to be directly observed. However, gradual loss of transparency with subsequent maturation limited many of these approaches to the first several days post-fertilization. As many genes are developmentally regulated, the immature phenotype is not entirely indicative of that of the mature zebrafish. For accurate phenotyping, subsequent developmental stages including full maturation must also be considered. In adult zebrafish, cardiac function can now be studied in great detail due both to the size of the hearts as well as recent technological improvements. Because of their small size, zebrafish are particularly amenable to high frequency echocardiography for detailed functional recordings. Although relatively small, the hearts are easily excised and contractile parameters can be measured from whole hearts, heart slices, individual cardiomyocytes and even single myofibrils. Similarly, electrical activity can also be measured using a variety of techniques, including in vivo and ex vivo electrocardiograms, optical mapping and traditional microelectrode techniques. In this report, the major advantages and technical considerations of these physiological tools are discussed.


Assuntos
Coração/fisiologia , Peixe-Zebra/fisiologia , Animais , Células Cultivadas , Ecocardiografia , Técnicas In Vitro , Microeletrodos , Miócitos Cardíacos/fisiologia , Fenótipo , Imagens com Corantes Sensíveis à Voltagem
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