The Use of Lasers in Enhancing the Bond Strength of Orthodontic Brackets.

Background: The use of lasers in orthodontics has garnered interest for its potential to enhance the bond strength between orthodontic brackets and tooth surfaces, a crucial factor for successful orthodontic treatment. This study aims to investigate the effect of laser irradiation on the bond strength of orthodontic brackets in a sample of 30 patients. Materials and Methods: Thirty patients undergoing orthodontic treatment were divided into two groups. In Group A, brackets were bonded using conventional methods, while in Group B, brackets were bonded after laser irradiation. A diode laser operating at 810 nm was used, with an energy setting of 2.5 W for 20 s. After bonding, a universal testing machine measured the bond strength in megapascals (MPa). The adhesive remnant index (ARI) was also recorded to determine the mode of bond failure. Statistical analyses were conducted to compare the results between the groups. Results: The mean bond strength in Group B (laser irradiation) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than in Group A (conventional bonding). Group B exhibited a mean bond strength of 9.72 MPa, whereas Group A showed a mean bond strength of 7.41 MPa. The ARI scores indicated that Group B had more adhesive remaining on the tooth surface, suggesting a stronger bond. Conclusion: Laser irradiation prior to orthodontic bracket bonding resulted in significantly enhanced bond strength compared to conventional bonding methods. The increased bond strength and greater adhesive remnant on the tooth surface indicate that laser irradiation improves the adhesion between brackets and tooth enamel. Integrating lasers into orthodontic procedures has the potential to elevate treatment outcomes by ensuring durable bracket adhesion.

Gastroesophageal Cancer After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy.

Obesity has been linked to many types of cancers, and this association has received much attention. Here, we are reporting the case of a 41-year-old male patient, the second case diagnosed in our hospital with advanced metastatic gastroesophageal cancer eight years after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Routine preoperative endoscopy for all patients planned for bariatric surgery can play an important role in preoperative surgery selection, detection of abnormal pathology/lesions, as well as in postoperative follow-up/esophagogastroduodenoscopy surveillance plans, especially for patients identified as high-risk to develop cancer.

Retraction: Intracranial Osteoma: Unusual Etiology of Chronic Daily Headaches.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.7759/cureus.21488.].

Impact of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors on kidney outcomes in type 2 diabetes: A tertiary center experience.

BACKGROUND: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a complication of chronic hyperglycemia associated with diabetes mellitus (DM). Several studies have demonstrated the positive impact of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors on kidney outcomes. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of dapagliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor, on kidney outcomes in Saudi patients with type 2 DM. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Study included all Saudi patients with type 2 DM who visited our center from August 1, 2021, to July 31, 2022, and had been on dapagliflozin for at least 3 months. Data was abstracted through chart review for all patients included in the study. Paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used to compare the results before and after treatment for continuous variables and the McNemar test was used to compare the results for categorical data. RESULTS: Study included 184 Saudi patients with type 2 diabetes with a mean age of 61.32 years (SD=9.37). Dapagliflozin 10 mg/day significantly reduced hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) from a mean (SD) of 9.00 to 8.40 (P < 0.001). Among a subgroup of patients with significant proteinuria (n = 83), dapagliflozin significantly reduced ACR from a median of 93.1 to 64.9 mg/g (P = 0.001). Following treatment, the estimated glomerular filtration rate improved from a mean of 69.83 to 71.68 mL/min and the mean arterial pressure (MAP) fell from 90.03 to 89.06 mmHg, both were not statistically significant. Despite a statistically insignificant increase in the episodes of urinary tract infections (UTIs), the hospitalization rate declined. No episodes of amputations or ketoacidosis occurred during the study period. CONCLUSION: SGLT2 inhibitors had beneficial effects among Saudi patients with type 2 diabetes by improving diabetic control and lowering proteinuria. Dapagliflozin did not result in significant harm, including UTIs, amputations, and ketoacidosis.

Laparoscopic Posterior Cruroplasty and Anterior Gastropexy for Type IV Hiatal Hernia Repair in an Elderly Patient: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

A hiatal hernia describes a defect of the portion of the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm, which leads to herniation of the abdominal contents into the chest cavity. Type IV paraesophageal hernias (PEH) have been associated with relatively large defects and are usually symptomatic. Surgical intervention is indicated in patients with symptoms or complicated paraesophageal hernias. The elderly age group represents a challenge in terms of management approach. Our purpose is to emphasize the safety and efficacy of early laparoscopic posterior cruroplasty and anterior gastropexy during PEH repair in the elderly age group. A 90-year-old male without significant past medical or surgical history was admitted for a five-day history of left upper quadrant abdominal pain associated with multiple episodes of vomiting. The physical exam revealed left upper quadrant pain and rebound tenderness. Abdominal CT with IV contrast showed a large hiatal hernia containing the entire stomach and part of the duodenum with an abrupt transition zone at the duodenum. The patient underwent laparoscopic hiatal hernia repair, posterior cruroplasty, and anterior gastropexy. Postoperatively, the patient tolerated the procedure, and further follow-up in the clinic showed resolution of his symptoms without complications. Prompt identification and proper management represent a crucial step in the management of PEH, especially in elderly comorbid patients. Laparoscopic anterior gastropexy is a safe and effective method for type III/IV hiatal hernias in elderly patients.

Color Stability of Bioactive Restorative Materials After Immersion in Various Media.

Objectives: The aim of this article is to assess the color stability of the bioactive restorative materials (Activa Bioactive, Beautifil II) compared with the conventional resin composite and resin-modified glass ionomer cement after immersion in different staining solutions overtime. Materials and Methods: This is an in-vitro study that investigated four different material groups: (1) bioactive composite (ACTIVA Bioactive-Restorative, Pulpdent, USA), (2) Giomer composite (Beautifil II, SHOFU Dental GmbH, Japan), (3) resin-modified glass ionomer cement (Fuji II, GC Corporation, Japan), and (4) resin composite (Filtek Z350XT, 3M ESPE, USA). One hundred samples (n=25 each group) were fabricated using a custom acrylic mold (1 mm thick × 10 mm diameter) and then immersed in five different staining solution groups: coffee, black tea, cola, mixed berry juice, and saline. Baseline (T0) shade of samples was recorded using two spectrophotometers: VITA Easyshade Digital Advance and a spectrophotometer. Then shade was recorded at the intervals of 7 (T1), 14 (T2), and 28 (T3) days of immersion. Measurements were obtained and then ΔE was calculated for each group at each time point. Three-way analysis of variance tests were used to test the interactions between different variables at the 0.05 significance level. Results: All specimens showed a significant color change (P<0.001), following 7, 14, and 28 days of storage. Activa Bioactive and Filtek Z350 showed the highest color stability overtime in different staining solutions, whereas Fuji II and Beautifil II showed the least color stability. The most significant color change was noticed in the coffee group and then in the mixed berry juice group. Conclusion: Resin-based restorative materials showed higher color stability than glass ionomer-based restorations. Both spectrophotometers gave comparable results for materials' color stability.

Experimental investigation of air cooler using local palm tree waste.

Middle Saudi Arabia has weather conditions where the temperature is high in summer with low humidity. Conventional air conditioning systems operated by a vapor compression cycle are not economical because of the high electrical power consumption. Therefore, evaporative cooling through evaporative coolers is one of the best and most economical solutions. The present study experimentally investigates the factors affecting the performance of evaporative coolers. Pad materials and airflow rate are the main variables to investigate the evaporative cooler's performance in terms of saturation effectiveness, pressure drop across the pads, and coefficient of performance (COP). Pads material are the local palm tree "Nakheel" waste that are leaflet, leaf base, bulb, and roots. The maximum COP of the cooling system in the case of bulb pad material is 80% more than that of leaflet pad material. The saturation effectiveness of the bulb pad was a maximum which is 61.93% at an airflow of 2.25 m/s, which is more than two times that of the saturation effectiveness of the leaflet pad. The pressure drop across the bulb pad is almost 2.5 times to 9.5 times than that of leaflet pad. Results show that bulb pad performance best, whereas the leaflet pad material has the lowest performance in terms of pressure drop, saturation effectiveness, and COP.

Seroprevalence and longevity of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antigen-IgG among health care workers in a large COVID-19 public hospital in Saudi Arabia: A prospective cohort study.

Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG among health care workers (HCWs) is crucial to inform infection control programs. Conflicting reports have emerged on the longevity of SARS-CoV-2 IgG. Our objective is to describe the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG in HCWs and perform 8 months longitudinal follow-up (FU) to assess the duration of detectable IgG. In addition, we aim to explore the risk factors associated with positive SARS-CoV-2 IgG. The study was conducted at a large COVID-19 public hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. All HCWs were recruited by social media platform. The SARS-CoV-2 IgG assay against SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antigen was used. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine association between IgG seropositive status and clinical and epidemiological factors. A total of 2528 (33% of the 7737 eligible HCWs) participated in the survey and 2523 underwent baseline serological testing in June 2020. The largest occupation groups sampled were nurses [n = 1351(18%)], physicians [n = 456 (6%)], administrators [n = 277 (3.6%)], allied HCWs [n = 205(3%)], pharmacists [n = 95(1.2%)], respiratory therapists [n = 40(0.5%)], infection control staff [n = 21(0.27%], and others [n = 83 (1%)]. The total cohort median age was 36 (31-43) years and 66.3% were females. 273 were IgG seropositive at baseline with a seroprevalence of 10.8% 95% CI (9.6%-12.1%). 165/185 and 44/112 were persistently IgG positive, at 2-3 months and 6 months FU respectively. The median (25th- 75th percentile) IgG level at the 3 different time points was 5.86 (3.57-7.04), 3.91 (2.46-5.38), 2.52 (1.80-3.99) respectively. Respiratory therapists OR 2.38, (P = 0.035), and those with hypertension OR = 1.86, (P = 0.009) were more likely to be seropositive. A high proportion of seropositive staff had prior symptoms 214/273(78%), prior anosmia was associated with the presence of antibodies, with an odds ratio of 9.25 (P<0.001), as well as fever and cough. Being a non-smoker, non-Saudi, and previously diagnosed with COVID-19 infection by PCR were statistically significantly different by seroprevalence status. We found that the seroprevalence of IgG against SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antigen was 10.8% in HCWs at the peak of the pandemic in Saudi Arabia. We also observed a decreasing temporal trend of IgG seropositivity over 8 months follow up period.

Uptake of COVID-19 Booster Dose among Saudi Arabian Population.

Backgroundand objectives: Although several vaccines have been produced and administered around the world, new SARS-CoV-2 worsened the COVID-19 infection risk and impacted the initial vaccine dosage effectiveness. Based on studies indicating that the third and fourth COVID-19 vaccine doses significantly reduced COVID-19 transmission, Saudi Arabia has been administering COVID-19 booster vaccine doses to its citizens. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine booster in relation to the socio-demographic characteristics and other associated factors among the Saudi population. Materials and Methods: This study was an online analytical cross-sectional study using a self-administered questionnaire. Pearson Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analyses were used to determine factors associated with the uptake of COVID-19 booster dose vaccines. Results: A total of 2332 responded to our study. Overall, 527 (22.6%) participants had received a booster dose. An age of 55 and above (aOR: 5.415; 95% CI: 2.719-10.783), Eastern region (aOR: 2.513; 95% CI: 1.566-4.033), history of influenza vaccination at annual intervals (aOR: 2.387; 95% CI: 1.730-3.293), the first dose of Moderna vaccine (aOR: 1.324; 95% CI: 1.160-1.510), and cancer (aOR: 2.161; 95% CI: 1.218-3.879) were independent factors most associated with a higher uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine booster dose. In contrast, the second dose of Moderna vaccine (aOR: 0.794; 95% CI: 0.683-0.922), AstraZeneca vaccine (aOR: 0.691; 95% CI: 0.509-0.939), strong symptoms from side effects after the second dose of the COVID-19 vaccine (aOR: 0.615; 95% CI: 0.404-0.935) were independent factors most associated with a lower uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine booster dose. Conclusions: Our findings indicate low COVID-19 vaccine booster uptake. This necessitates the need for strategies to address discouraging factors of the COVID-19 vaccine booster dose uptake and engage the Saudi population to raise awareness about the importance of the booster dose.

Intracranial Osteoma: Unusual Etiology of Chronic Daily Headaches.

Headache is one of the most frequent complaints in the outpatient department. The types of headaches can be broadly classified into primary and secondary. The primary headaches have benign intrinsic causes and include tension, migraine, and cluster headaches. A detailed history and appropriate physical examination are essential in assessing patients with headaches.  We present the case of a 33-year-old woman who presented to our primary care clinic with three days history of worsening frontal headache. She had been experiencing this headache daily for the last three months; however, the current episode is more severe. The headache episode was not associated with fever, neck stiffness, or loss of consciousness. She often became nauseated with the headache. There was no history of weakness, numbness, or visual disturbances with the headache. There was no family history of migraine headaches. On examination, no focal neurological deficit was noted. The head CT scan showed the presence of two highly hyperdense foci in the frontotemporal region, one of them was related to the dura. Such foci were not causing midline shift or brain edema. The preliminary diagnosis was calcified meningioma. Surgical excision of the lesions was planned. The patient underwent right craniotomy under general anesthesia. The two osseous lesions were observed and successfully resected. Histopathological examination of the lesions was consistent with osteoma. Intracranial osteoma is a very rare benign neoplasm of the mature bone tissue. The typical clinical manifestation of intracranial osteoma is a chronic headache. Head CT shows a well-defined, hyperdense structure. However, this is often mistaken as calcified meningioma.

Clinical characteristics and imaging features of patients with nontuberculous mycobacteria in a tertiary care center.

BACKGROUND: Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are ubiquitous organisms that occasionally causes invasive diseases in humans, but they are under-reported in Saudi Arabia. We aimed to describe NTM infections and apply the American Thoracic Society/Infectious Diseases Society of America ATS/IDSA criteria. METHOD: Positive laboratory reports for NTM between January 2006 and December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed, and then classified into respiratory and non-respiratory specimens. ATS/IDSA criteria were applied to all respiratory specimens. Host status, clinical presentation, species identification, imaging, treatment, and outcome data were collected using a standardized form and analyzed. Cases with duplication or incomplete data were excluded. RESULTS: 183 unique patients with positive NTM culture were included. Median age was 52 years and males represented 59%. Majority of cases were in the respiratory specimens group (n = 146), of which only 15 cases have met the ATS/IDSA criteria. Overall, cases were primarily known to have non-immunocompromising condition but 27% had either an active malignancy (n = 35), HIV (n = 13), or primary immunodeficiency (n = 8). 68.3% of cases presented with respiratory symptoms with or without fever. Among the identified NTM species (51.9%), slowly growing NTM were predominant. Anti-NTM therapy was provided in only 22.4% of this cohort. Death was documented only in 5 cases; all were in the respiratory group and were not treated. CONCLUSION: Though uncommon to isolate, only one in every ten respiratory NTM isolates was found potentially true pathogen in a single center in Saudi Arabia. Future studies on NTM prevalence in Saudi Arabia are recommended.

Ketamine administration for acute painful sickle cell crisis: A randomized controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE: The objective was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of single-dose ketamine infusion in adults with sickle cell disease (SCD) who presented with acute sickle vasoocclusive crisis (VOC). METHODS: This study was a parallel-group, prospective, randomized, double-blind, pragmatic trial. Participants were randomized to receive a single dose of either ketamine or morphine, infused over 30 min. Primary outcome was mean difference in the numerical pain rating scale (NPRS) score over 2 h. NPRS was recorded every 30 min for a maximum of 180 min and secondary outcomes were cumulative dose of opioids, emergency department (ED) length of stay, hospital admission, change in vital signs, and drug-related side effects. Authors performed the analysis using intention-to-treat principle. RESULT: A total of 278 adults with SCD and who presented with acute sickle VOC participated in this trial. A total of 138 were allocated to the ketamine group. Mean (±standard deviation [SD]) NPRS scores over 2 h were 5.7 (±2.13) and 5.6 (±1.90) in the ketamine and morphine groups. The ketamine group received significantly lower cumulative doses of morphine during their ED stay (mean ± SD = 4.5 ± 4.6 mg) than of the morphine group (mean ± SD = 8.5 ± 7.55 mg). Both groups had similar rates of hospital admission: 6.3% in the ketamine group had drug-related side effects compared to 2.2% in the morphine group. CONCLUSION: Early use of ketamine in adults with VOC resulted in a meaningful reduction in pain scores over a 2-h period and reduced the cumulative morphine dose in the ED with no significant drug-related side effects in the ketamine-treated group.

Maternal awareness to the timing of allergenic food introduction in Saudi infants: A cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Current guidelines recommend the introduction of allergenic foods as early as 4-6 months of age to decrease the risk of food allergy. However, caregivers' knowledge about such practices and adherence to them is ambiguous. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the timing of introduction of potentially allergenic foods into children's diet and the level of maternal awareness about and degree of compliance with current recommendations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study from May 2019 to January 2020 at Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University Medical Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Data were collected through questionnaire-based surveys, and a total of 405 mothers were enrolled in the study. The eligibility criteria included mothers of children between the ages of 12 and 36 months. RESULTS: Most mothers in this study had initiated allergenic foods, and the average time of introduction was 9.84 ± 3.16 months for eggs, 14.6 ± 5.78 months for peanuts, and 13.6 ± 5.37 months for fish. Around one-quarter (n = 102, 25.2%) of the children were identified as being in the high-risk group. Most mothers did not know or disagreed that the timing of introducing allergenic foods might help in preventing food allergy, but there was no difference between the risk groups (33.8% and 26.2%, respectively). Moreover, only 18.6% and 13.2% of the high- and low-risk groups, respectively, received correct information from their health care providers (P = .004). Mothers with only one child were less likely to start eggs at an early age (odds ratio [OR] = 0.5 and P = .005). Furthermore, children at a high risk of food allergy were two times more likely to start eggs at an earlier age (OR = 2.12 and P = .003). CONCLUSION: In this study, the allergenic food feeding practices being followed for infants and young children were found to be suboptimal. Parental education level and the number of siblings were identified as potential barriers to the implementation of and adherence to recent guidelines. There is a need for corrective measures to ensure safe and appropriate feeding practices in the Saudi community.

Insights into the ancestry evolution of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex from analysis of Mycobacterium riyadhense.

Current evolutionary scenarios posit the emergence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from an environmental saprophyte through a cumulative process of genome adaptation. Mycobacterium riyadhense, a related bacillus, is being increasingly isolated from human clinical cases with tuberculosis-like symptoms in various parts of the world. To elucidate the evolutionary relationship between M. riyadhense and other mycobacterial species, including members of the M. tuberculosis complex (MTBC), eight clinical isolates of M. riyadhense were sequenced and analyzed. We show, among other features, that M. riyadhense shares a large number of conserved orthologs with M. tuberculosis and shows the expansion of toxin/antitoxin pairs, PE/PPE family proteins compared with other non-tuberculous mycobacteria. We observed M. riyadhense lacks wecE gene which may result in the absence of lipooligosaccharides (LOS) IV. Comparative transcriptomic analysis of infected macrophages reveals genes encoding inducers of Type I IFN responses, such as cytosolic DNA sensors, were relatively less expressed by macrophages infected with M. riyadhense or M. kansasii, compared to BCG or M. tuberculosis. Overall, our work sheds new light on the evolution of M. riyadhense, its relationship to the MTBC, and its potential as a system for the study of mycobacterial virulence and pathogenesis.

Safety Concerns of Nasal Corticosteroids Usage in Patients With Allergic Rhinitis.

Background Intranasal corticosteroids (INCSs) are the first-line treatment for patients with moderate to severe conditions of allergic rhinitis (AR) as per current guidelines. However, patients' knowledge and practice towards the safety of such medications remains ambiguous. Therefore, this study was undertaken to identify the awareness of and knowledge about the safety of nasal corticosteroid usage in patients with allergic rhinitis as well as their adherence to taking the medication. Materials and methods We conducted a cross-sectional study from June to September 2020 at Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University Medical Center, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Data were collected through questionnaire-based surveys, and a total of 375 patients were enrolled in the study. The eligibility criteria included all adult patients diagnosed with allergic rhinitis. Results Most of the patients had used intranasal corticosteroids. However, only two-fifths of patients stated these medications were effective and only 27% thought they were safe to use. More than half of the patients expressed concerns about using intranasal corticosteroids; however, there was no difference among the patients when asked if their concerns made them discontinue their medication. The majority of patients (73.3%) did not receive appropriate advice on how to use intranasal corticosteroids, but most were compliant with the therapy regardless of their uncertainty about the medication's safety (71.5%). Most patients reported a benefit of using intranasal corticosteroids (71.5%). Half of the patients (53.9%) reported being aware of a special technique for how to use a nasal spray, but the nonsmokers were more knowledgeable about the techniques than the smokers (p = 0.007). Conclusion The patients' knowledge about, adherence to, and perceptions of intranasal corticosteroid use were found to be suboptimal. Patients' age, gender, socioeconomic status, education level, and smoking status were recognized as potential barriers to a positive perception of and adherence to the treatment plan. Corrective measures are needed to ensure better health outcomes.

Parental Knowledge of Children's Developmental Milestones in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

OBJECTIVE: Parental recognition of children's developmental milestones has been correlated with more effective childcare strategies and overall better outcomes for children. However, the knowledge that parents have about children's development remains uncertain which reflects serious concerns about children's health in Saudi Arabia. Therefore, this study was undertaken to identify parents' knowledge levels about children's developmental milestones and the information sources they rely on for this knowledge. Study Design. We recruited 1471 parents aged ≥18 with at least one child under 14 and living in Riyadh to participate in an online survey between July of 2019 and January of 2020. RESULTS: Most respondents showed a poor level of knowledge (80.0%) in all of four domains. However, mothers had more acceptable levels of knowledge (21.0%) than fathers (10.0%) (p ≤ 0.01). There was a significant association between knowledge and age at first child's birth; respondents who had their first child between 39 and 50 had the highest levels of knowledge (37.5%; p ≤ 0.01). In the four domains of development, parents were found to have the most knowledge about physical development (52.3%), followed by cognitive development (21.6%), social development (21.5%), and emotional development (21.2%). Only a few parents (5%) claimed to always rely on their healthcare professionals for information. CONCLUSION: There is a lack of appropriate knowledge about developmental milestones among parents, which reflects serious concerns about children's health in Saudi Arabia. Healthcare institutions and pediatricians currently play a minimal role in health education. Effective health education programs and strategies should be implemented to improve child development outcomes in the community.

Metagenomics of Imported Multidrug-Resistant Mycobacterium leprae, Saudi Arabia, 2017.

Using shotgun metagenomics, we identified an imported case of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium leprae in a Filipino resident of Saudi Arabia in 2017. We determined the phylogenomic lineage (3K1) and identified mutations in rpoB and rrs corresponding to the multidrug-resistance phenotype clinically observed. Metagenomics sequencing can be used to identify multidrug-resistant M. leprae.

Prevalence of Hypothyroidism Among Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Patients at a Hospital in Saudi Arabia.

Introduction Patients with carpal tunnel syndrome have a high prevalence of hypothyroidism, therefore, it is recommended to assess thyroid function routinely in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. This study aims to determine the prevalence of hypothyroidism among carpal tunnel patients and to relate carpal tunnel in hypothyroidism to other socio-demographic factors. Methods This was a retrospective study carried out in King Fahad Medical City (KFMC) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A total of 422 samples were collected conveniently from the files of patients who underwent carpal tunnel release surgery. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23 was used for data processing. The chi-square test was used to test the association between the categorical variables. A p-value of less than .05 was considered to be significant. Results Most of the respondents were females and most of them within the age group of 46 to 60 years. Thirteen point eight percent (13.8%) of the respondents are suffering from hypothyroidism and 5% from the sub-clinical form of the disease. More than two-thirds of those with hypothyroidism were asymptomatic. The duration of the disease was one to five years, and bilateral nerve concerns were mostly present in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. The presence of thyroid abnormality doesn't affect the duration of carpal tunnel syndrome but body mass index (BMI) is significantly associated with hypothyroidism (p-value = .001). Conclusion Clinical symptoms of hypothyroidism are mostly absent in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. Most patients with carpal tunnel syndrome have the disease for one to five years and this is not significantly associated with abnormal thyroid. Most patients have bilateral wrist involvement with no apparent symptoms and signs.