Post-tuberculosis fibrosing mediastinitis: A report of 3 cases.

Fibrosing mediastinitis is a rare entity generally caused by granulomatous disease. Most cases develop as a complication of histoplasmosis. Association with tuberculosis has been rarely documented. We report the case of 3 young patients who presented with superior vena cava syndrome several years after treated tuberculosis. Biological, radiological, and histological investigations led to the diagnosis of fibrosing mediastinitis.

Pseudotumor pulmonary sarcoidosis: A case report.

Sarcoidosis is a benign multisystem granulomatosis of unknown etiology. The mediastino-hilar sphere is a preferred site for the disease. It can sometimes reveal a confusing pseudotumoral presentation, constituting a diagnostic trap to be considered. We report the case of a 56-year-old woman whose lesional process rapidly resolved after 2 months of corticosteroid therapy.

Hydatid pulmonary embolism secondary to a right ventricular hydatid cyst: A case report.

Hydatid pulmonary embolism is an exceptional but serious condition. It complicates the rupture of a hydatid cyst in the venous return circulation, often of hepatic origin, or the endo-cavitary rupture of a hydatid cyst in the right heart. We report the case of a young patient with hydatid pulmonary embolism revealed by recurrent episodes of hemoptysis.

Histopathologic and Molecular Features of Cutaneous Melanoma in a Moroccan Population.

Background Cutaneous cancer is the most common malignancy type, among which melanomas are considered the most aggressive and lethal. In Morocco, skin melanoma is the 25th most common cancer. To our knowledge, this is the first and largest Moroccan study specifically describing cutaneous melanoma.  Materials and methods We obtained data for 100 patients diagnosed with cutaneous melanoma in the Department of Pathology of Hassan II University Hospital, Morocco. Clinical, histopathological, molecular, and follow-up data were recorded from pathology request forms and the patient's medical records.  Results The mean age of our patients was 65 years old. Histologically, the most prevalent were the nodular (48%) and acro-lentiginous (38%) melanoma subtypes. A total of 66% of the patients had a Breslow thickness of >4 mm. The presence of ulceration was noted in 46% of cases. The average mitoses was 9/1 mm². A total of 44% of patients had metastatic melanoma at the time of diagnosis. The BRAF V600E mutation was found in six cases, and the C-KIT mutation in five cases. The five-year overall survival and metastasis-free survival were 85% and 15%, respectively. There was a significant correlation between Breslow thickness and Clark's level (p<0.001), histologic subtype (p=0.012), and presence of metastasis (p=0.002). There was a significant difference between the head and neck melanomas and those of the feet, particularly in the histological subtype and the presence of ulceration. BRAF V600E mutation was found in six cases of metastatic melanomas of the head and neck, of which three cases were positive for this mutation, as compared with the 23 cases of acral melanomas, which tested negative for the same mutation.  Conclusion The results of our study showed that cutaneous melanomas were characterized by advanced age at diagnosis and late-stage diagnosis with a high Breslow index. The lower limbs were the most affected sites, especially in the plantar region. The acral lentiginous subtype was the most common. The presence of BRAF V600E mutation was associated with a better prognosis.

Primary hydatid cyst of adrenal gland: Case report.

The hydatid disease is an anthropozoonose caused in humans by a larval form of Echinococcus granulosus. Adrenal gland is a rare and unsymptomatic site. We illustrate the case of a 46-year-old patient, admitted for left hypochondrial pain with back radiation. The CT reveals a multiloculated, cystic mass on the left adrenal gland, which contains septae and a calcified wall.

Malignant pelvic paraganglioma: A case report.

Pheochromocytomas arising from outside the adrenal glands are called paragangliomas and constitute a rare disease and can occur in the pelvic retroperitoneum. Symptoms of excess catecholamine production, as well as elevated urine vanillylmandelic acid levels and serum and urine norepinephrine levels, are highly diagnostic for paraganglioma. Imaging can be helpful for the diagnostic of these pelvic tumors, differentiating them from other pelvic masses. We hereby present a case of pelvic malignant paraganglioma.

Primary hyperparathyroidism presenting as a brown tumor in the mandible: A case report.

A brown tumor is a non-neoplastic lesion resulting from an abnormality of bone metabolism in the context of hyperparathyroidism. We report the case of a 51-year-old woman who initially consulted for edentulism and a growing mandibular mass. She benefited from a radiological and biological assessment which made the diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism combined with a parathyroid adenoma. We remind through this observation the difficulty to establish a correct diagnosis in patients with an osteolytic process of the maxilla and the necessity to look for hyperparathyroidism in front of a giant cell lesion given the insidious character of this endocrinopathy.

Perineal and pelvic aggressive angiomyxoma: Imaging finding in an uncommon case report.

Aggressive angiomyxoma is a rare benign and locally invasive mesenchymal tumor that is found most frequently in women at reproductive age. We report typical CT and MRI appearances of a 36-year old young woman with an aggressive angiomyxoma of the pelvis and perineum that was proved by ultrasound guided biopsy.This study describe the imaging features of theses tumors,wich may help to approch the diagnosis by their distinctive imaging with high signal intensity on T2-weighted image related to the myxomatous stroma and their characteristic of swirling or layering internal pattern after intravenous gadolinium contrast administration.We also review the CT and MRI features of this disease in the current literature.

Pulmonary and intracranial miliary tuberculosis secondary to Behçet's anti-TNF alfa treatment.

Behçet disease is a rare vasculitis that affects vessels of different body parts, causing different kinds of manifestations. We report a case of a 47 years old woman who had a tumor necrosis factor alfa blocker prescription due to a Behçet's disease relapse. The patient then developed a cerebral and pulmonary tuberculous miliary due to immunodeficiency. The aim of this work is to show that tuberculosis infection is a common complication of the administration of tumor necrosis factor alfa blocker, and the importance to perform a tuberculosis screening before starting the treatment.

[Gayet-Wernicke encephalopathy: clinical features and radiological anomalies]. / L'encéphalopathie de Gayet Wernicke: aspects cliniques et anomalies radiologiques.

Gayet Wernicke encephalopathy (EGW) is a neurological emergency secondary to thiamine deficiency (vitamin B1). This is more often secondary to chronic alcoholism. The purpose of this study is to remind clinicians of some clinical signs different from ethylism, suggesting EGW as well as to report four cases characterized by different types of anomalies shown by MRI. The average age of patients was 40 years (2 females 2 males). The neurological picture was characterized by disorders of vigilance in all patients, oculomotor disorders in 2 cases, and cerebellar ataxia in one patient. Chronic vomiting was reported in two cases, prolonged fasting in the first case and alcoholism in the second case. MRI of the brain showed anomalies suggesting EGW in all patients with contrast enhancement in one case. Thiamin deficiency was confirmed in two patients. In our context EGW seems to be more frequent in pathological circumstances other than chronic alcoholism (chronic vomiting, severe malnutrition, severe starvation, and chemotherapy...). The clinical signs can suggest other pathologies such as cerebral venous thrombosis, stroke, or other metabolic disorders but MRI excluded them and allowed the diagnosis of EGW. MRI of the brain has an essential role in the diagnosis of EGW. Absence or delay in treatment may influence the prognosis.

[Horse tail syndrome revealing spinal-medullary hydatid disease]. / Syndrome de la queue de cheval révélant une hydatidose vertébro-médullaire.

Hydatid disease is an anthropozoonosis caused by the larval stages of the genus Echinoccus granulosus in humans. It mainly occurs in subjects living in the rural and livestock areas in the Mediterranean basin, South America, Near and Middle East. Spinal hydatid disease is rare but it is the most severe form of bone hydatid disease. It mostly affects the dorsal spine, increasing the risk of spinal injury; hence its severity. We here report the case of a 60-year-old female patient admitted with progressive bilateral, poorly systematized, paralyzing lumbar radiculopathy associated with urinary urgency. MRI showed lumbar spinal hydatid disease infiltrating the intra and extra-ductal structures and compressing the roots of the horse tail. The patient underwent surgery through a posterior approach with favorable outcome.

[Multiple gastrointestinal stromal masses in the small bowel detected in a patient with peritonitis]. / Masses stromales gastro-intestinales multiples du grêle découvertes dans un contexte de péritonite.

We here report a case of multiple gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) in the small bowel detected in a patient with peritonitis. The peculiarity of this case study is the intraoperative detection of multifocal small bowel tumor masses, suggesting gastrointestinal stromal tumors on postoperative CT scan. Tumor couldn't be suspected clinically on the basis of peritonitis.

[Rare localization of lipoma in the parotid region: about a case]. / Une localisation rare du lipome au niveau parotidien: à propos d'un cas.

Lipomas localization in the parotid region is very rare. We here report a new case of a 55-year old patient, presenting with a mass in the parotid region that had progressed over the past 4 years and a literature review. A soft, mobile and painless mass was detected on palpation. The patient underwent imaging examinations (ultrasound and MRI), that enabled to retain the diagnosis of parotid lipoma. The patient decided to have conservative treatment.

[Sturge-Weber-Krabbe Syndrome: an uncommon disorder (about a case)]. / Syndrome de Sturge Weber Krabbe: entité exceptionnelle (à propos d'un cas).

We report a case of Sturge-Weber-Krabbe Syndrome diagnosed in the Department of Radiology at the Hassan II University Hospital in Fes. This study highlights the clinical diagnostic and therapeutic features as well as the evolutionary characteristics of this uncommon neuroradiologic disorder.

[Surgical treatment of calcaneal fractures: about 29 cases]. / Traitement chirurgical des fractures du Calcanéum: à propos de 29 cas.

Calcaneal fractures are infrequent but, more often, serious. We report a series of 29 cases of calcaneal fractures surgically treated in the Orthopaedics and Traumatology in the University Hospital (CHU) Hassan II of Fez. This retrospective study aims to present the principles and to evaluate the results of surgical treatment for articular fractures of the calcaneus, in comparison with conservative treatment. Our study included 21 men and 8 women, the average age was 21-61 years. Etiology was dominated by road traffic accidents as wel as by falls from a high place. The evaluation of the lesions was based on the classification of Duparc. The treatment was based on open reduction associated with Y-plate osteosynthesis or one-third tubular plate osteosynthesis using triangulation. Clinical results were evaluated on the basis of kitaoka score, with an average follow-up period of 24 months. 86% of patients have had good medium-term results.

Isolated radial volar dislocation of the fifth carpometacarpal joint: a rare injury.

Isolated palmar dislocation of the fifth carpometacarpal joint is an uncommon injury and classified as radio-palmar or ulno-palmar according to the direction of displacement of the fifth metacarpal base. This very rare injury is often difficult to recognize. A careful neurologic assessment of the patient is a necessity, as well as obtaining proper radiographs of the hand. The purpose of this report is to present a patient with a pure isolated volar dislocation of the fifth carpometacarpal joint that was satisfactorily treated with closed reduction and casting. A review of the literature is presented.