Application of telesimulation in a medical undergraduate course during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: a quantitative and retrospective study

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Because of the social isolation and distancing measures that were imposed to stop the spread of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), new ways of teaching were implemented. OBJECTIVES: To describe the implementation of telesimulation and seek to assess students' perceptions regarding telesimulation. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective quantitative study conducted within the hospital simulation at a private medical school in São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: After telesimulation training, students answered a questionnaire that provided an overall assessment of this activity, self-assessment and assessments of the facilitators and infrastructure provided by the University. RESULTS: Among the students, 50% reported that the activity was below expectations and 45% reported that it was in line with their expectations. The strong points of the activity were the clinical cases, workload and teachers. The main challenge was students' difficulty in reflecting on their learning and the infrastructure. CONCLUSIONS: Since students have less experience and fewer clinical encounters than residents or professionals, they also face more difficulty. Although telesimulation may have provided a valid alternative to replace simulation training during the COVID-19 pandemic, more face-to-face activities should be offered to students, when possible.

Application of telesimulation in a medical undergraduate course during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: a quantitative and retrospective study.

BACKGROUND: Because of the social isolation and distancing measures that were imposed to stop the spread of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), new ways of teaching were implemented. OBJECTIVES: To describe the implementation of telesimulation and seek to assess students' perceptions regarding telesimulation. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective quantitative study conducted within the hospital simulation at a private medical school in São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: After telesimulation training, students answered a questionnaire that provided an overall assessment of this activity, self-assessment and assessments of the facilitators and infrastructure provided by the University. RESULTS: Among the students, 50% reported that the activity was below expectations and 45% reported that it was in line with their expectations. The strong points of the activity were the clinical cases, workload and teachers. The main challenge was students' difficulty in reflecting on their learning and the infrastructure. CONCLUSIONS: Since students have less experience and fewer clinical encounters than residents or professionals, they also face more difficulty. Although telesimulation may have provided a valid alternative to replace simulation training during the COVID-19 pandemic, more face-to-face activities should be offered to students, when possible.

O contexto atual da pesquisa clínica nas indústrias e faculdades de Medicina Veterinária do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil / The current context of clinical research in industries and schools of Veterinary Medicine in São Paulo State, Brazil

O mercado farmacêutico veterinário do Brasil é considerado um dos maiores do mundo e está em expansão. A pesquisa clínica é uma etapa importante para o desenvolvimento de produtos veterinários, no entanto, informações sobre essas atividades nas indústrias, fazendas experimentais terceirizadas e faculdades de Medicina Veterinária são escassas. Neste contexto, são descritas as atividades de pesquisa clínica nessas instituições do Estado de São Paulo. Para tanto, foram enviados questionários a representantes das indústrias farmacêuticas veterinárias e das faculdades de Medicina Veterinária do Estado. Os resultados mostraram que a maioria das indústrias tem seus escritórios na cidade de São Paulo, que em 2016 a maioria delas patrocinou entre 11 e 20 estudos, muitos deles em parceria com as faculdades. Todas as indústrias participantes já contrataram serviços de Contract Research Organization (CRO), embora relatem insatisfações com os mesmos. Por outro lado, representantes das faculdades de Medicina Veterinária declararam, em sua maioria, que conduziram dez desses estudos no ano de 2016, muitos deles com patrocínio das indústrias. Já estas se ressentem da falta de agilidade e compromisso das faculdades. A aproximação entre as indústrias de produtos veterinários e as faculdades de Medicina Veterinária foi vista pelos representantes tanto das faculdades quanto das indústrias como benéfica.

The Brazilian veterinary pharmaceutical market is considered one of the largest in the world and is in expansion. Clinical research is a crucial step in the development of veterinary products, however, information on these activities in industries, experimental farms and veterinary undergraduate courses are scarce. Given this context, this study intended to describe clinical research activities in these institutions in the state of São Paulo. For such, we sent a questionnaire to the representatives of pharmaceutical industries and institutions of veterinary medicine of the state. The results showed that the offices of most industries are located in the city of São Paulo. In 2016, most of these companies sponsored between 11 and 20 studies, many of them in partnership with departments of veterinary medicine. All industry participants contracted Contract Research Organization (CRO) services, despite reporting dissatisfaction with these services. On the other hand, most representatives from veterinary medicine courses reported that they performed 10 studies in 2016, many of them sponsored by industries. The industries resent the lack of agility and commitment of the institutions. The approximation between the veterinary industry and veterinary medicine courses was seen by representatives of both as beneficial.

O contexto atual da pesquisa clínica nas indústrias e faculdades de Medicina Veterinária do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil / The current context of clinical research in industries and schools of Veterinary Medicine in São Paulo State, Brazil

O mercado farmacêutico veterinário do Brasil é considerado um dos maiores do mundo e está em expansão. A pesquisa clínica é uma etapa importante para o desenvolvimento de produtos veterinários, no entanto, informações sobre essas atividades nas indústrias, fazendas experimentais terceirizadas e faculdades de Medicina Veterinária são escassas. Neste contexto, são descritas as atividades de pesquisa clínica nessas instituições do Estado de São Paulo. Para tanto, foram enviados questionários a representantes das indústrias farmacêuticas veterinárias e das faculdades de Medicina Veterinária do Estado. Os resultados mostraram que a maioria das indústrias tem seus escritórios na cidade de São Paulo, que em 2016 a maioria delas patrocinou entre 11 e 20 estudos, muitos deles em parceria com as faculdades. Todas as indústrias participantes já contrataram serviços de Contract Research Organization (CRO), embora relatem insatisfações com os mesmos. Por outro lado, representantes das faculdades de Medicina Veterinária declararam, em sua maioria, que conduziram dez desses estudos no ano de 2016, muitos deles com patrocínio das indústrias. Já estas se ressentem da falta de agilidade e compromisso das faculdades. A aproximação entre as indústrias de produtos veterinários e as faculdades de Medicina Veterinária foi vista pelos representantes tanto das faculdades quanto das indústrias como benéfica.(AU)

The Brazilian veterinary pharmaceutical market is considered one of the largest in the world and is in expansion. Clinical research is a crucial step in the development of veterinary products, however, information on these activities in industries, experimental farms and veterinary undergraduate courses are scarce. Given this context, this study intended to describe clinical research activities in these institutions in the state of São Paulo. For such, we sent a questionnaire to the representatives of pharmaceutical industries and institutions of veterinary medicine of the state. The results showed that the offices of most industries are located in the city of São Paulo. In 2016, most of these companies sponsored between 11 and 20 studies, many of them in partnership with departments of veterinary medicine. All industry participants contracted Contract Research Organization (CRO) services, despite reporting dissatisfaction with these services. On the other hand, most representatives from veterinary medicine courses reported that they performed 10 studies in 2016, many of them sponsored by industries. The industries resent the lack of agility and commitment of the institutions. The approximation between the veterinary industry and veterinary medicine courses was seen by representatives of both as beneficial.(AU)