Dehiscencia de la cúpula vaginal como causa de abdomen agudo / Acute abdomen due to vaginal cuff dehiscence

La dehiscencia de la cúpula vagina tras una histerectomía es una complicación poco frecuente con una mayor incidencia en casos de cirugía laparoscópica. Su diagnóstico es clínico y, en caso de acompañarse de evisceración de contenido intraabdominal, supone una auténtica emergencia quirúrgica debido al riesgo de lesión intestinal y peritonitis. Respecto a la vía de abordaje para su tratamiento continua existiendo controversia, recomendándose la laparoscopia si la situación de la paciente lo permite. Presentamos el caso de una paciente con antecedente de histerectomía total y doble anexectomía 3 meses antes con exploración compatible con abdomen agudo y TC indicativa de perforación de víscera hueca. En la cirugía por vía laparoscópica se evidenció una dehiscencia a nivel de la cúpula vaginal. (AU)

Vaginal cuff dehiscence after hysterectomy is a rare complication. It is more frequent in laparoscopic surgery and its diagnosis isclinical. In case of bowel evisceration it is a surgical emergency due to the risk of bowel injury and peritonitis. Controversy existsregarding the surgical approach. If the patient´s situation allows it, laparoscopy is recommended. We present the case of a patientwith total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy 3 months before. She presented an acute abdomen and the CT scanwas indicative of hollow viscus perforation. Laparoscopic surgery showed a vaginal cuff dehiscence. (AU)

Divertículo de meckel: diagnóstico y tratamiento / Meckel's diverticulum: diagnosis and treatment

INTRODUCCIÓN: el divertículo de Meckel supone la anomalía congénita más frecuente del tracto gastrointestinal, siendo lo más habitual su diagnóstico como hallazgo incidental. OBJETIVO: realizar una revisión de todos los pacientes diagnosticados de divertículo de Meckel en nuestro hospital. Material y MÉTODO: a través de las historias clínicas se revisaron las principales características de los pacientes con diagnóstico de divertículo de Meckel entre 1993 y 2019 en el hospital General Universitario Reina Sofía de Murcia. RESULTADOS: se revisaron 32 pacientes, de los cuales 30 fueron intervenidos quirúrgicamente. La forma más habitual de diagnóstico fue como hallazgo casual intraoperatorio (17 casos) y la técnica quirúrgica más empleada fue la diverticulectomía abierta (16 casos). En 8 casos se halló tejido ectópico en la mucosa diverticular. DISCUSIÓN: el diagnóstico por imagen del divertículo de Meckel resulta complicado. Respecto al tratamiento, en los casos sintomáticos se proceder a su resección, mientras que persiste la controversia sobre la actitud en casos asintomáticos. CONCLUSIÓN: en nuestro centro, la forma más habitual de diagnóstico de un divertículo de Meckel fue como hallazgo casual en una intervención quirúrgica indicada por otro motivo. Tras su hallazgo de forma intraoperatoria se procedió a su resección en todos los casos

INTRODUCTION: Meckel 's diverticulum is the most prevalent congenital anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract. The diagnosis is usually made incidentally. OBJECTIVE: to perform a review about all patients with Meckel ́s diverticulum in our hospital. Material and method: we reviewed the records and analysed main characteristics of all patients with Meckel ́s diverticulum between 1993 and 2019 at Reina Sofía General University hospital in Murcia. RESULTS: we reviewed 32 patients, of which 30 underwent surgery. The most common way of diagnosis was as a casual intraoperative finding (17 cases) and the most frequent surgery was open diverticulectomy (16 cases). In 8 cases ectopic mucosa was found. DISCUSSION: the role of imaging in the diagnosis of Meckel ́s diverticulum is limited. Regarding the treatment, in symptomatic patients it must be removed. Nevertheless, in patients without symptom there is no consensus on the best treatment. CONCLUSION: in our study, the most common way of Meckel ́s diverticulum diagnosis was as a casual finding in a surgery carried out for another reason. After it intraoperative discovery, it was removed in all cases

Absceso masivo de pared abdominal por diverticulitis aguda evolucionada / Massive abscess in abdominal wall due to complicated diverticulitis

La mayoría de los pacientes con divertículos de colon no presentan complicaciones y, en caso de presentarlas, suelen ser intraabdominales. Exponemos el caso de un varón de 52 años que consultó en el Servicio de Urgencias por dolor abdominal de 3 semanas de evolución asociado a tumoración infraumbilical con signos de flogosis. La analítica sanguínea mostró leucocitosis importante con desviación izquierda y elevación de la proteína C reactiva. La tomografía computarizada evidenció un gran absceso de pared abdominal que comunicaba con cambios inflamatorios en sigma ("en reloj de arena"). Se decidió intervenir de forma quirúrgica urgente hallando diverticulitis aguda de sigma muy evolucionada. Se realizó drenaje y colostomía en cañón de escopeta sobre varilla. El absceso de pared abdominal como debut de diverticulitis aguda complicada es una forma de presentación muy infrecuente de esta patología, existiendo pocos antecedentes descritos en la literatura al respecto

The majority of patients with diverticula have not any complications. If they appear, they use to present as an intra-abdominal complication. We present the case of a 52-year-old man who came to the Emergency Service with lower abdominal pain for 3 weeks and a visible mass with inflammatory signs in this site. The blood test showed a marked leucocytosis with neutrophilia and the compute tomography revealed an abscess of the abdominal wall related with inflammatory changes in sigmoid colon ("hourglass"). We decided emergency surgery and we found evolved acute sigmoid diverticulitis. Local drainage of the abscess and loop colostomy opened over a rod were performed. The abdominal wall abscess as a form of debut of acute complicated diverticulitis is a very uncommon presentation of this pathology. There are few antecedents in the literature about this matter

Cirugía combinada de tumor mediastínico en reloj de arena. Caso / Combined surgery of thoracic dumbell tumor. Clinical case

Introducción: los tumores neurogénicos son las masas del mediastino posterior más frecuentes. Aproximadamente el 10% de los localizados en el mediastino posterior tienen un componente intraespinal, a través de algún foramen vertebral. Siendo conocidos como tumores de Dumbbell o en reloj de arena. Reporte de caso: paciente con diagnóstico casual de tumor neurogénico en mediastino posterior con componente intraespinal (tumor en reloj de arena o Dumbell). El tratamiento quirúrgico se realizó conjuntamente en un mismo acto por parte del servicio de Neurocirugía y Cirugía Torácica. En un primer tiempo se llevó a cabo la laminectomía posterior, identificación de raíz dorsal izquierda afecta, ligadura y sección. Posteriormente, mediante videotoracoscopia por puerto único se realizó resección del tumor neurogénico por plano libre de afectación tumoral. Conclusión: el tratamiento quirúrgico en un solo acto de los tumores mediastínicos con componente intraespinal, ha demostrado ser seguro, eficaz y no aumentar las complicaciones intraoperatorias o postoperatoria

Introduction: neurogenic tumors are the most frequent masses of the posterior mediastinum. Approximately 10% of those located in the posterior mediastinum have an intraspinal component, through some vertebral foramen. They are known as dumbbell tumors. Clinical case: Patient with a diagnosis of neurogenic tumor in the posterior mediastinum with intraspinal component (dumbbell tumor). Surgical treatment was performed jointly in the same act by the Neurosurgery and Thoracic Surgery service. In a first time the posterior laminectomy, identification of left dorsal root affected, ligation and section was carried out. Subsequently, by single port video-assisted thoracoscopy, the neurogenic tumor was resected through a free plane of tumor involvement. Conclusion: surgical treatment in a single act of mediastinal tumors with intraspinal component has been shown to be safe, effective and does not increase intraoperative or postoperative complications

Short-term outcome of percutaneous posterior tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS) for the treatment of faecal incontinence.

BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to establish the efficacy of percutaneous posterior tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS) in treating flatal, urge and passive faecal incontinence (FI). METHODS: A prospective study with 55 patients with FI was carried out. Clinical anamnesis, physical examination, a reverse visual analogue scale (VAS) score, Wexner score and the American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons quality of life score were recorded at baseline and 6 months, along with an incontinence diary. Subjects underwent one weekly session for 12 consecutive weeks and then continued with six additional fortnightly sessions. An intention-to-treat analysis was performed. RESULTS: Fifty-five patients (44 females; mean age 58.62 ± 10.74 years) with FI were treated with PTNS. The origins of the incontinence were obstetric (52.7 %) and perineal surgery (34.5 %). Eight patients did not continue with the second stage of treatment. The median Wexner baseline value was 9.98. After 6 months, it had decreased to 4.55 (p < 0.001). The visual analogue scale (VAS) increased from 4.94 to 6.80 (p < 0.001). There was a significant improvement in lifestyle, coping/behaviour, depression/self-perception and embarrassment scores. With respect to different types of FI, there was an improvement in the Wexner score both in patients with true passive FI and in those with urge or mixed FI. CONCLUSIONS: PTNS is an effective treatment for FI. Patients with passive or urge FI can benefit from this therapy, with improvement of the Wexner score and quality of life variables.

Apendagitis epiploica recidivada contralateral / Recurrent contralateral epiploic appendagitis

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Otsc clip lost in abdomen 3 years

OTSC is a safe and effective endoscopic method used in the treatment of gastrocutaneous or esophageal fistulas. The authors describe a clinic case which an intraabdominal clip was found 3 years after she was managed with an over-the-scope-clip (OTSC) to repair a gastrocutaneous fistula.In this case, the abdominal pain could be related to a self-limited localized peritonitis that resolved without the need of any medical treatment. Efficacy and safety of over-the-scope clip, including complications after endoscopic submucosal dissection are discussed

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[Pheochromocytoma: a motley tumor]. / Feocromocitoma: un tumor abigarrado.

Four patients admitted to our hospital with different symptomatology are studied: a 9-years-old boy with hyperhidrosis; a 47-years-old woman with arterial hypertension and two young males, 25 and 36-years-old, respectively, with thoracic pain. In all cases, the presence of pheochromocytoma was suspected. One of them died due to left ventricular failure with acute lung edema. The other three patients were diagnosed by hormonal determinations, detecting a supra-renal body with abdominal echography and computerized axial tomography and undergoing surgery. Currently, they are asymptomatic.